1、课时练 1 阅读理解提速练阅读理解A(2018唐山一模)A new research brings some good news for lovers of spicy(辛辣的) foods, after finding that eating hot red chili peppers might help to extend lifespan(寿命)Consuming hot red chili peppers might reduce death risk, say Chopan and Littenberg from the research team. In hot peppers，
2、such as Mexico peppers, the strong flavor comes from a compound(化合物 )，which does not exist in sweet peppers or onions. Studies have suggested that this compound can offer wealth of health benefits.A study of more than 16，000 people in the United States showed that individuals who consumed red chili
3、peppers had a lower risk of death from all causes over an average of 18 years than those who did not eat the spicy food. Compared with participants who did not consume hot red chili peppers, those who did were found to be at a 13 percent reduced risk of allcause death.For example, a recent study rep
4、orted by Medical News Today, found that the compound might have the potential to stop breast cancer, while an earlier study linked the compound to a reduced risk of digest system cancers. Still, the available data suggested that hot red chili pepper consumption was most strongly associated with a re
5、duced risk of death from heart disease.While the researchers are unable to identify the specific compound by which red chili peppers might extend lifespan, the team says that it is likely due to the compound that is effectively against obesity(肥胖症) Overall, the team says that these latest findings s
6、upport those of the 2015 study, linking spicy foods intake to reduced risk of death by showing “a significant decrease in death associated with hot red chili pepper consumption”. However, Chopan and Littenberg note that the earlier study was only conducted in Chinese adults, so the new research make
7、s these findings more credible【解题导语】 一项新的研究发现，食用红辣椒之类的辛辣食物可能会降低死亡风险，延长人类的寿命。1What can be inferred from the passage?AThe study only goes for American people.BRed chili peppers can cure allcause diseases.CThe compound protects people against obesity.DOnion consuming can reduce death risk.C 解析：推理判断题。根据
8、倒数第二段内容可知，尽管研究人员还不清楚到底是哪种具体的化合物能够延长寿命，但是研究团队认为可能是一种对防治肥胖症有效的化合物。由此可以推断，这种物质能够控制肥胖。故选 C 项。2What is the finding of the new research mainly about?AHot red chili pepper lovers develop no cancers.BHot red chili peppers help control breast illness.CHot red chili peppers decrease heart disease.DHot red chi
9、li pepper intake may increase lifespan.D 解析：推理判断题。文章在第一段就提出了研究发现食用辛辣食物如红辣椒能延长寿命，在下文中用具体的数据和例子来支持这一观点。由此可知，这个新发现主要是关于红辣椒的食用可能会延长寿命。故选 D 项。3Which of the following has the closest meaning to the underlined word “credible”？AConvincing. BPractical.CEncouraging. DAttractive.A 解析：词义猜测题。文章第二段和第三段的数据和事例是在美国进
10、行的研究，画线词所在句则提到，以前的研究只是在中国成年人中进行的，那么现在的研究结果使得这项新发现更加令人信服了。convincing 意为“使人信服的” ；practical 意为“切实可行的” ；encouraging 意为 “令人鼓舞的 ”；attractive 意为“有吸引力的” 。故选 A 项。B(2018西宁检测)If you choose only to complain and escape from a misfortune, it will always follow you wherever you go. But if you decide to be strong,
11、the hardship will turn out to be fortune on which new hopes will arise.In an accident，a boy lost both his arms and his father who was the main source of support for the family. Since then, he has had to depend on the arms of his younger brother. For the sake of taking care of him, his younger brothe
12、r became his shadow, never leaving him alone for years. Except for writing with his toes, he was completely unable to do anything in his life.As the two brothers grew up together, they had their share of problems and they would often quarrel. Then one day, his younger brother wanted to leave, living
13、 his own life, as many normal people do. So he was heartbroken and didnt know what to do.A similar misfortune befell a girl, too. One night, her mother who suffered from chronic mental illness disappeared. Her father went out to look for her mother, leaving her alone at home. She tried to prepare me
14、als for her parents, only to overturn the kerosene light on the stove, resulting in a fire which took her hands away.Though her elder sister who was studying in another city showed her willingness to take care of her, she was determined to be completely independent. At school, she always studied har
15、d. Most of all she learned to be selfreliant.One day, the boy and the girl were both invited to appear on a television interview program. The boy told the TV host about his uncertain future at being left on his own, whereas the girl was full of enthusiasm for her life. They both were asked to write
16、something on a piece of paper with their toes. The boy wrote: My younger brothers arms are my arms; while the girl wrote: Broken wings, flying heart.【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过介绍两个不同的故事启迪我们积极勇敢地面对困难。4What attitude should we take towards a misfortune in the authors opinion?ATrying to find an escape from i
17、t.BFacing it bravely with a positive mind.CAsking for help from your relatives.DIgnoring it and living a normal life.B 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的第二句“But if you decide to be strong, the hardship will turn out to be fortune on which new hopes will arise.”可推知，面对困难我们应当积极勇敢地面对，故 B 项正确。5After the accident, the boy_
18、Adecided to live with his brotherBlearnt to do things with his toesCmade a living all by himselfDdepended wholly on his brotherD 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的第二句 “Since then, he has had to depend on the arms of his younger brother.”可知，失去双臂后，他就完全依靠他的弟弟，故 D 项正确。6Which of the following is TRUE of the girl?AShe lost
19、her mother in an accident.BHer sister took good care of her.CShe was optimistic and full of courage.DShe led a poor life with her father.C 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句中的 “the girl was full of enthusiasm for her life”，并结合第五段可知，她决定独立生活，在学校努力学习；据此可知，女孩在事故后乐观而坚强，故 C 项正确。7What did the girl mean by “Broken wings, f
20、lying heart.”？ANever give up hopes in face of hardship.BIts not easy for her to live a normal life.CIf a bird loses its wings, it can not fly.DIf you lose your hands, your life will be hard.A 解析：句意理解题。 “Broken wings, flying heart.”为女孩用脚趾写的话，意为“失去双翼，心仍飞翔。 ”；结合最后一段第二句中的“the girl was full of enthusiasm
21、 for her life”和第五段可知，事故之后，她决定独立生活，在学校努力学习，乐观坚强地面对生活；据此可知，该句是说“面对困难，永远不要放弃希望” ，故 A 项正确。C(2018广州高考模拟)As a child，visiting the zoo was more a punishment than a treat.I didnt find the chimps tea parties funny，nor the bird shows entertaining.Feeding time for seals was less painful，but their performances s
22、till seemed like they belonged more in a circus.And I hated circuses，especially the animal actsmen teasing lions，girls balancing on elephants and monkeys playing football.I knew that every trick a circus animal did was unnatural，achieved through strict training and quite possibly cruelty.Happily，dur
23、ing my lifetime public attitudes and the law have changed.Circuses using wild animals are now almost extinct，and zoos have definitely evolved.When my children were young，I occasionally took them to our local zoo.The elephants were in tiny cages and the gorillas looked bored as they sat peeling banan
24、as and staring at teasing visitors.Each cage had a sign which listed the animals name and where it came from.But，back then，there was little information included about the environmental challenges they faced.As a result，environmentalists and animal lovers often oppose zoos.“Animals belong in the wild
25、” is a common and understandable complaint.But what do the animals themselves prefer?Generally speaking，zoo animals have a longer life.Butyou may protestthey are not free.What? Free to be hunted and killed，free to die of hunger or thirst? Maybe sitting in a cage eating bananas isnt so bad.Not that s
26、uch conditions are acceptable in modern zoos，due to the work of BIAZA，the British and Irish Association of Zoos and Aquariums.These days every zoo requires BIAZAs approval to operate，and the association sets the standards，observes conditions in zoos and develops animalresearch programmes，both in the
27、 UK and abroad.BIAZA also organises the animal exchanges between zoos all over the world.Consequently， today，most zoo animals are born and raised in zoos，live in large，comfortable enclosures and are cared for by welltrained，knowledgeable and caring zoo employees.Of course its no substitute for livin
28、g in the wild but unfortunately this isnt always possible.Meanwhile，why not visit your local zoo and decide for yourself?【解题导语】 本文主要讲述了现代的动物园是如何得到改善的。8The passage is mainly about_Ahow zoos have improvedBwhether a zoo should be closed downCa new environmental organisationDthe difference between zoos
29、and circusesA 解析：主旨大意题。根据第三段的内容并结合全文可知，本文主要讲述了现代的动物园是如何得到改善的。9From Paragraph 2，we can guess that the writer believes circus animals_Ahad much shorter lives than those in the wildBwere not treated well by their trainersCshould have been placed in zoosDwere not as intelligent as those in zoosB 解析：推理判断
30、题。根据第二段的最后一句“I knew that every trick a circus animal did was unnatural，achieved through strict training and quite possibly cruelty.”可推知，马戏团的动物有可能被驯兽师们虐待。10Which of the following roles are performed by BIAZA?AOrganising animal study projects and training zoo workers.BChecking zoo conditions and arran
31、ging animal exchanges.CDesigning zoos and approving zoo operations.DCaring for ill animals and setting zoo standards.B 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“These days every zoo requires BIAZAs approval to operate，and the association sets the standards，observes conditions in zoos and develops animalresearch programmes，
32、both in the UK and abroad.BIAZA also organises the animal exchanges between zoos all over the world.”可知，BIAZA 会检查动物园的情况，安排动物交换等活动。11Which of the following statements about zoos would the writer agree with?AZoo animals should be freed into the wild.BZoos are more popular now than in the past.CZoo ani
33、mals are more restricted than in the past.DZoos now provide caring living conditions for animals.D 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的第一句 “Consequently，today，most zoo animals are born and raised in zoos，live in large，comfortable enclosures and are cared for by welltrained，knowledgeable and caring zoo employees.”可知，作者认
34、为现在的动物园给动物们提供了舒适和充满关爱的环境。D(2018云南高三 11 校跨区调研)If our kids dont fall, they dont learn to get up. I still remember the day in high school that my mom forgot to pick me up from school. Im the oldest of four children, and no doubt shed had a long day with the other kids and itd slipped her mind.After wai
35、ting at school for an hour, I walked the three miles home, and when I got to my house, I shut our front door with anger, stormed into the kitchen and screamed in my moms face that shed forgotten me.Later that night, my dad told me I no longer had a ride to school the next day. I figured my mom would
36、 still take me, but when the morning came, she refused.It was midterm, and as a straightA student ready to start college applications, being late wasnt an option. In my mind, missing these tests would have been the end of my academic career. I begged my mom. I told her she was ruining my future and
37、everything Id worked for. But she held_her_ground,_and that day, I walked to school. And I missed my tests.My mom didnt rescue me from failure. She let me suffer from it. She let me figure it out. She let me learn. Now, as a mom myself, Ive realized that I want my kids to experience failure because
38、failure is how we grow, learn and think outside of ourselves. Its how we selfeducate to learn whats right and respectable, and whats not. Its how we become responsible and enthusiastic.Falling down makes us better, because we learn how to get up.【解题导语】 本文作者通过亲身体会告诉我们：失败让我们变得更好，因为我们在失败中学会成长。12Why did
39、 the author shout at her mother?ABecause she was tired after walking home.BBecause she missed some important tests.CBecause her mother had ruined her future.DBecause her mother didnt pick her up home.D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的 “After waiting at school for an hour, I walked the three miles home, and when I go
40、t to my house, I shut our front door with anger, stormed into the kitchen and screamed in my moms face that shed forgotten me.”可知，作者在学校等了一个小时，后来自己走回了家，因此她对妈妈没有去学校接她非常生气，故选 D。13How does the author feel about her experience now?ADisappointed. BMerciful.CBeneficial. DEmbarrassed.C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的 “Now
41、, as a mom myself, Ive realized that I want my kids to experience failure because failure is how we grow, learn and think outside of ourselves.”说明作者现在认为她之前的经历对她是有益的(Beneficial) 。14What does the underlined phrase “held her ground” in Paragraph 2 mean?AStuck to her decision.BGave in to me.CSaid yes to
42、 me.DStayed in the place.A 解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段的 “But she held_her_ground,_and that day, I walked to school.”中 But 的转折意味以及后面作者仍然走着去上学可知，妈妈仍坚持她的观点，没有送作者去上学。15What is the best title for the text?AOffer Your Kids Help If NecessaryBStop Rescuing Your Kids from FailureCBe Responsible for Your Kids FailureDTry
43、to Meet Your Kids DemandsB 解析：标题归纳题。根据第三段和第四段的叙述，尤其是第三段的“My mom didnt rescue me from failure.”及“I want my kids to experience failure because failure is how we grow, learn and think outside of ourselves”可知，B 项最适合作文章标题。七选五(2018潍坊模拟)Tips for Teaching Kids ResponsibilityYour best friend has a teenager w
44、ho helps with housework without being asked.Your cousin has a oneyearold child that puts her bottle in the sink when she finishes the milk, but no reminders are needed.1._ Raising helpful, good kids who know how to make a sandwich is not a fantasy! The following tips can give you a better chance of
45、raising a responsible child who then grows into a responsible adult.2_ You cant suddenly spring responsibility on a teenager and expect he will know how to follow through.He needs time to practice and totally understand what responsibility means.Let kids help you.Dont complain when its time to do ho
46、usework.Smile and invite your son to help.3._ He will take these good feelings and learn to take ownership of his home and feel pride in keeping it up.4_ Make responsibilities ageappropriate.You can show how to complete small tasks in daily life and perform them at a childs skill level.For example,
47、if your kid wants a snack, show him where the apples are and how to wash one off.Teach your child consequences.Learning to take care of his things also helps a child develop a sense of responsibility for his actions.Get your son to clean up after an art project, and inform him that he wont be able t
48、o play with his crayons the next day if he leaves a messy table.5._ The more you carry out the rules, the more likely he is to clean up without being asked.AHave a sense of responsibility.BWhy do they make a sandwich for kids?CShow kids how to perform responsibility.DWhere do these wonderful childre
49、n come from?ETeaching responsibility to kids needs to start early.FWhen your child is invited to participate, he feels valued.GThen take away his supplies if he does not take his responsibility.【解题导语】 文章主要对如何让自己的孩子变得有责任感给出几点提示。1D 解析：根据上文可知，你最好朋友的孩子不用告诉就知道做家务；你堂兄一岁的孩子知道喝完奶之后把奶瓶放在水槽里。下文接下来叙述的是几条能够帮助你的孩子有责任感