1、课时练 1 阅读理解提速练阅读理解A(2018沈阳市高三模拟)Wild elephants can tell whether a voice comes from a man，a woman or a boy，a new study says.Thats what researchers found when they played recordings of people for elephants in Kenya.Scientists say this is an advanced thinking skill that other animals havent shown.It let
2、s elephants figure out who is a threat and who isnt.The result shows that the clever animals are also studying people，said study author Karen McComb.“Basically，they have developed this very rich knowledge of the humans that they share their habitat with， ”said McComb，a professor at the University of
3、 Sussex in England.“Memory is key.They must build up that knowledge somehow.”The study was released on Monday in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.Its close to but not quite like the Dr.Seusss book，where the elephant Horton hears something that others cant hear.McComb and colleague
4、s went to Amboseli National Park in Kenya，where hundreds of wild elephants live among humans，sometimes coming in conflict over scarce water.The scientists used voice recordings of Maasai men，who on occasion kill elephants，and Kamba men，who are less of a threat to the elephants.As a result，the elepha
5、nts reacted more defensivelyretreating and gathering in a bunchto the Maasai language recording because it was associated with the more threatening human tribe，said study co author Graeme Shannon.They repeated the experiment with recordings of Maasai men and women.Since women almost never spear elep
6、hants， the animals reacted less defensively to the womens voices.The same thing happened when they substituted young boys voices.“Making this kind of fine distinctions in human voice patterns is quite remarkable， ”said Emory University animal cognition expert Frans de Waal，who was not part of the st
7、udy.【解题导语】 研究表明野生大象能够识别男人、女人和男孩的声音，它们通过思维区分声音并判断谁能对他们产生威胁。1Who were the people taking part in the study?AFrans de Waal and Karen McComb.BDr.Seuss and Graeme Shannon.CGraeme Shannon and Frans de Waal.DKaren McComb and Graeme Shannon.D 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的 “study author Karen McComb”和第六段中的“study coautho
8、r Graeme Shannon”可知，Karen McComb 和 Graeme Shannon 都参加了研究，故选 D 项。2What can wild elephants benefit from their special ability?AIdentifying and avoiding possible danger.BGrowing much faster than any other animals.CHaving a better understanding of humans.DDeveloping their language skills.A 解析：推理判断题。根据文章
9、第一段中的 “Scientists say this is an advanced thinking skill that other animals havent shown.It lets elephants figure out who is a threat and who isnt”可知，这种高等的思维方式使野象能够分辨出谁能对它们造成威胁，这样它们可以避免可能的危险，故 A 项是正确的。3Which can replace the underlined word “substituted”in the last paragraph?ADistinguished. BRepeated
10、.CUsed. DCompared.C 解析：词义猜测题。画线词所在句中的 “The same thing happened”指的是前一句中的“the animals reacted less defensively”，画线词所在句讲的是野象对年轻男孩的声音做出的反应，说明当时研究者在对野象播放年轻男孩的声音，故选 C 项。4What does the passage mainly talk about?AWild elephants can distinguish human languages.BThe conflict between humans and wild elephants
11、is growing.CWild elephants use language skills to make discrimination.DWild elephants can build up good memory and learn tricks.A 解析：主旨大意题。根据文章第一句 “Wild elephants can tell whether a voice comes from a man，a woman or a boy”和全文内容可知，野象能够通过人的声音区分不同人类群体的性别和年龄，故选 A 项(野象能够区分人类的语言)。B(2018陕西部分学校第一学期摸底检测)From
12、 young kids to fitness lovers，to those looking for a laugh, or to families looking for a free movie night, Atlantic Station prepares some days for them to enjoy this year.Tot SpotEach Tuesday morning, Atlantic Stations Central Park transforms into every childs dream playground! From 10：00 am.to noon
13、, kids can enjoy games, storytelling, toys, music and some very special things. This event begins on April 5 and lasts through September 27.Wellness WednesdayEach Wednesday from 6：30 pm.to 7：30 pm., Atlantic Stations Central Park becomes the perfect place to find quietness of the mind and body while
14、 instructors lead guests through exercises including yoga and more. Wellness Wednesday welcomes all ages and skill levels. This event begins on April 6 and lasts through September 28.Improv in the ParkWhole World Theatre, Atlantas premier improv group, has once again partnered with Atlantic Station
15、to bring a familyfriendly night of comedy to the Central Park on the first Wednesday of each month until September. Bring a blanket, relax under the stars and prepare to laugh until your stomach hurts! The hourlong show begins at 8：00 pm. This event occurs on April 5, May 4, June 1, July 6 and Augus
16、t 3.Movies in the Central ParkEach Thursday night at dusk, guests are invited to bring chairs, blankets, togo snacks and picnics to Atlantic Stations Central Park. All outdoor screenings are available, weather permitting, so keep your fingers crossed for no The Wizard of Oztype storms! Be sure to ar
17、rive early to find a good seat.【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了大西洋站几个可以让人们放松自己、享受生活和获得乐趣的活动。5Mothers can take their kids who like listening to stories to _ATot SpotBImprov in the ParkCWellness WednesdayDMovies in the Central ParkA 解析：细节理解题。根据文中第二段中的 “From 10：00 am.to noon, kids can enjoy games, storytelling, toys, mu
18、sic and some very special things”可知，从上午 10 点到中午，在Tot Spot 活动中孩子们可以做游戏、讲故事、玩玩具、听音乐等。结合选项可知，想听故事的孩子们可以去参加 Tot Spot 活动，故 A 项正确。6When can you do yoga with an instructor in Atlantic Stations Central Park?AOn each Tuesday from 6： 30 pm.to 7：30 pm.in August.BOn each Tuesday morning from 10：00 am.to noon in
19、 July.CAt 8：00 pm.on April 5, May 4, June 1, July 6 and August 3.DOn each Wednesday at 7：00 pm.in June and July.D 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的 “Each Wednesday from 6：30 pm.to 7：30 pm.including yoga and more” 和“This event begins.September 28”可知，4 月 6 日到 9月 28 日的每个星期三下午 6：30 到 7：30，大西洋站中央公园成为人们寻求心灵宁静和身体放松的地方，有指
20、导者带领客人做包括瑜伽和其他活动在内的练习。由此可知，D 项符合题意。7What can we learn from the text?AAtlantic Station sets the days for guests to have fun.BTickets for Movies in Central Park are hard to get.CMovies in the Central Park are shown only indoors.DOnly teenagers are welcome to join in Wellness Wednesday.A 解析：推理判断题。根据文章内
21、容，尤其是第一段可知，Atlantic Station 为客人安排时间和活动来让他们玩得开心，故 A 项符合题意。C(2018安徽合肥高三教学质量检测)Susan Brownell Anthony was a lady ahead of her time. She fought for womens rights long before they became a popular issue.Susan was born on February 15, 1820, in Adams，Massachusetts. At that time, women had few rights. They
22、could not own property. Money earned by a married woman belonged to her husband. Major decisions regarding children were made by the fathers. Women could not vote.At the age of 15, Susan became a schoolteacher. She taught for 15 years. Then she began organizing womens groups to promote causes that w
23、ere important to women. She helped gain better educational rights for women. She helped give married women possession of their earnings.After the Civil War, Susan became very involved in the womens suffrage movement. After years of lecturing, writing，and appealing by Susan and other women, some part
24、s of the United States changed their laws to give women the right to vote. The first state was Wyoming in 1869. Other areas and states gradually followed Wyomings decision. It was not until 1920 that the US. Constitution was changed to give all women voting rights.Susan Brownell Anthony died in 1906
25、 at the age of 86. She was elected to the Hall of Fame for Great Americans in 1950. She was the first American woman to have a likeness(肖像) of her face on a coin. It was the 1979 Susan Brownell Anthony dollar.【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了美国历史上著名的女权运动领袖 Susan Brownell Anthony。她努力为妇女争取了财产权、投票权等权利。8What was the situa
26、tion of American women like when Susan was born?AThey had low social status.BThey could vote after getting married.CThey managed money for their husbands.DThey were responsible for decisionmaking.A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的 “At that time, women had few rights. They could not own property. Money earned by a m
27、arried woman belonged to her husband. Major decisions regarding children were made by the fathers. Women could not vote.”可知，在那时，女性没有什么权利，地位是低下的，故 A 项正确。B、C 和 D 项均与此表述不符。9What is the third paragraph mainly about?ASusans teaching experiences.BSusans educational background.CSusans efforts to abolish sl
28、avery.DSusans fighting for womens causes.D 解析：段落大意题。通读第三段尤其是 “Then she began organizing womens groups to promote causes that were important to women”可知，本段主要讲述 Susan Brownell Anthony为争取女权而斗争的情况，故 D 项正确。10What does the word “decision” in the fourth paragraph refer to?APromoting the social movement.BCh
29、anging the US. Constitution.CGiving women voting rights.DUniting other areas and states.C 解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段第二句中的 “some parts of the United States changed their laws to give women the right to vote”可知，在 Susan Brownell Anthony 的努力下，美国一些地区修改了法律，给了妇女投票权；结合该段第三、四句可以判断，画线词指代“给妇女投票权”这一决定，故 C 项正确。11What may be
30、 the best title for the text?AThe First American Woman to Invent CoinsBThe Problem of Womens Rights in the US.CThe Most Popular Women OrganizationsDA Pioneer in Fighting for Womens RightsD 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了美国历史上著名的女权运动领袖Susan Brownell Anthony。她为妇女争取了财产权、投票权等权利。据此可知 D 项最适合作文章标题。D(2018福州市高三毕业班适应
31、性练习)In this day and age, it may seem that getting two people with different views together to discuss them is a recipe for disaster. Just think about what would happen if you sat down and had an open and honest conversation with someone with completely opposing views. Could it bring you closer toget
32、her?However，the Human Library organization is counting on it.At a Human Library, people volunteer to become “books” and make their experiences open and available.“Readers” are encouraged to ask them questions freely，and theyll get honest answers in return. There are no judgments，and no questions tha
33、t are off limits.You wont find unpleasant comments，and you wont lose faith in humanity. At the Human Library, you actually feel better about the world you live in. You might even make a new friend!“The human books consist of people who have been discriminated by society， ” said Ronni Abergel，the Hum
34、an Library organizations founder，who has set out to build space for conversations that can challenge prejudices through dialogue. “The most pleasantly surprising thing about it is how close all the human books become to one another， ” he said.Human Libraries help to remind us there really is more wh
35、at unites us than divides us. And as events now spread throughout 82 countries，with the Human Libraries even set to launch soon in Pakistan and Jordan，you can tell that is a shared feeling.“We can spend billions and billions on trying to build up homeland security and our safety，but real safety come
36、s from having positive relations to other groups in your community， ” said Abergel. “Real safety is not going to come from building walls. Its going to come from reaching out and getting to know each other.” 【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了 Human Library 组织的发展、主旨和活动。12What does the first paragraph imply?AHeate
37、d discussions are often carried out among people.BOpen dialogue cant always lead to close relations.CPeople with opposing views are not honest enough.DWe tend to have open dialogue with people around us. B 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第一句可知，让两个持有不同观点的人来讨论他们的观点似乎是一种灾难。据此可以判断，开放交谈并不总是能让关系亲密，故 B 项正确。13What will reade
38、rs get at a Human Library?AA fair judgment.BUnpleasant comments.CAn available experience.DRegaining confidence.D 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第二句 “At the Human Library, you actually feel better about the world you live in”可知，在真人图书馆，你会感觉到你所生活的世界更加美好，从而恢复自信，故 D 项正确。14Which of the following can replace the underlined
39、 word “launch” in Para. 6 in meaning？ AAccelerate. BSubstitute.CSucceed. DStart.D 解析：词义猜测题。根据第六段第二句中的 “And as events now spread throughout 82 countries，with the Human Libraries even set to launch soon in Pakistan and Jordan”可知，随着该活动在 82 个国家开展，Human Library 甚至将很快在巴基斯坦和约旦启动。据此可以判断，画线词意为“开始，启动” ，故 D 项正
40、确。15What did Abergel advise people to do to get real safety?AStrengthen bonds between people.BJoin other groups in the community.CPull down walls between communities.DSpend less money on homeland security.A 解析：细节理解题。根据第七段最后 Abergel 所说的话“Real safety is not going to come from building walls. Its going
41、 to come from reaching out and getting to know each other.”可知，Abergel 认为，真正的安全不是来自建筑城墙，而是来自伸出援手和相互了解，故 A 项正确。七选五(2018潍坊模拟)Temper tantrums(发怒)range from crying to screaming，kicking，hitting，and breath holding.Theyre equally common in boys and girls and mostly happen between the ages of one to three.1_
42、，and others have them rarely.Tantrums are a normal part of child development.They are the way young children show theyre upset or frustrated(沮丧的)Tantrums may happen when kids are tired，hungry ，or uncomfortable；or because they cant get something (for example，an object or a parent) to do what they wan
43、t. 2._Tantrums are common during the second year of life，a time when language skills are starting to develop.Because young children at this age cant yet say what they want，feel，or need，a frustrating experience may cause a tantrum. 3._4_more than they may be able to handle.This can lead to power stru
44、ggles as a child thinks “I can do it myself” or “I want it，give it to me”When kids discover that they cant do it and cant have everything they want，they may have a tantrum.So try to prevent tantrums from happening in the first place， whenever possible.Give plenty of positive attention.Get in the hab
45、it of catching your child being good.Reward your little one with praise and attention for positive behaviors.Most importantly，keep your cool when responding to a tantrum.Dont complicate the problem with your own frustration or anger. 5._So you need to be calm，too.ASome kids may smile all the dayBSom
46、e kids may have tantrums oftenCYou may wonder how long a tantrum will lastDAs language skills improve，tantrums tend to decreaseEKids want independence and control over their environmentFLearning to deal with frustration is a skill that children gain over timeGRemind yourself that your job is helping
47、 your child learn to calm down【解题导语】 本文是一篇科普类说明文。文章介绍了 1 岁到 3 岁的孩子容易发怒的原因及这种情绪得到缓解的原因，告诫家长应当遇事冷静，并帮助孩子们养成冷静的习惯。1B 解析：根据上文“Theyre equally common in boys and girls and mostly happen between the ages of one to three.”可知，1 岁到 3 岁的孩子发怒很正常；结合该句中的 “and others have them rarely”可知，一些孩子可能会经常发怒，但是另一些孩子很少发怒。故 B
48、 项正确。2F 解析：空格处在该段结尾，其作用是总结该段内容并引起下段内容；通读该段内容可知，该段主要陈述孩子发怒是表现他们不开心或沮丧的方式，下段内容是说随着年龄的增长，孩子们的语言技能得到提升，他们也就不那么容易发怒了。F 项“久而久之，孩子们就拥有处理这种沮丧的技能了”承上启下。故 F 项正确。3D 解析：根据空格上一句可知，处在这个年龄阶段的孩子由于无法用言语表达他们的需要，所以会发怒。D 项“随着语言技能的提高，发怒的行为将会减少”承接上文，符合语境。故 D 项正确。4E 解析：根据该段第二句可知，孩子们总是在想 “我能自己完成”或者“我想要，给我吧” ；据此可以判断，E 项“孩子们总是想要独立并控制他们的环境”与该段内容相符。故 E 项正确。5G 解析：根据空格后一句可知，该处建议遇到问题首先自己要冷静。G 项“你要想着你的工作就是帮你的孩子学会冷静”与此构成因果关系，衔接紧密。故 G 项正确。课时练 2 知识运用板块练完形填空(2018成都市高中毕业班摸底测试)I worried about my personal image and how I could be remembered during my boyhood.In the fifth grade，there seemed to be only one_1_to be cool.In the sixt