1、Unit 8 Culture Shapes UsLesson 43: A Visit to ChinatownI. Learning aims:Master the new words: smart, decoration, fork, underground, lantern, dragon, fair II. Learning important and difficult points: 1) I had a bowl of noodles, and I used chopsticks and a spoon instead of a fork and a knife.2) Danny
2、and I watched a wonderful dragon dancing performance during the Spring Festival last year.3) But we do have lots of fun.4) I hope I can go to Chinatown again to see the Spring Festival. Language Points:1. decoration【用法】作可数名词，意为“装饰、装饰品、装潢” ，复数形式是 decorations。【举例】Can you see the decorations on the Chr
3、istmas tree? 你能看到圣诞树上的装饰品吗？【拓展】decorate 是及物动词，意为“装饰、装潢“，后加名词或代词作宾语。【举例】Well decorate this new library. 我们要装饰一下这座新图书馆。2. I had a bowl of noodles, and I used chopsticks and a spoon instead of a fork and a knife. 我吃了一碗面条，并且我用的是筷子和勺子，而没有用叉子和刀子。【用法】 短语介词 instead of 意为“代替” ，后加名词、代词、动名词作介词宾语，这个短语在句中作状语，修饰前
4、面的动词。【举例】We stayed at home instead of going out to play. 我们呆在家里了，而没有出去玩。3. But we do have lots of fun. 但我们真得玩得很开心。【用法】句中的助动词 do起强调作用，后加动词原形；如果主语是单数第三人称单数，则用 does加动词原形。【举例】Danny does like Chinese food. 丹尼真的喜欢中国食品。Lesson 44: Popular SayingsI. Learning aims:Master the new words: simple, generation, wea
5、lthy, wise, foolish, light, whether, image II. Learning important and difficult points: 1) Although sayings are usually simple and easy to remember, they are full of deep meaning.2）These sayings help people understand the world and form good habits, or encourage people to work hard.3）Do you know the
6、 English for the Chinese saying “ai wu ji wu”?4) Human beings share similar hopes and fears.Language Points:1. Although sayings are usually simple and easy to remember, they are full of deep meaning. 虽然谚语通常很简单并且容易记忆，但它们却有着深刻的含义。【用法】句式“be + 形容词 + 不定式”表示“很 做某事” ，短语 be full of 与 be filled with 同义，意为“充满
7、、装满” 。【举例】Her life is full of happiness. 她的生活充满快乐。2. These sayings help people understand the world and form good habits, or encourage people to work hard. 这些谚语帮助人们了解世界，形成习惯或者鼓励人们努力工作。【用法】句中的句式 help somebody do something 意为“帮助某人做某事” ，还可说 help somebody to do something；句式 encourage somebody to do some
8、thing 表示“鼓励某人做某事” ，这里用不定式作宾语补足语。【举例】Jenny often helps me (to) speak English. 詹妮经常帮助我讲英语。3. 辨析：whether, if Lesson 45: Different MannersI. Learning aims:Master the new words: probably, virtue, modest, praise, adult, private, extra, cultural II. Learning important and difficult points: 1) This is proba
9、bly because North American manners and Chinese manners are so different.2) In both China and North America, it is polite to offer an elderly person a seat on the bus.3) Its interesting to experience two different cultures.4) I think understanding cultural differences really helps us to understand ea
10、ch other, live together and work together.Language Points:词汇详解1. private【用法】作形容词，意为“私有的、民营的、个人的” ，在句中作定语或表语。【举例】Her brother works in a private company. 她哥哥在一家私人公司上班。 【拓展】privately是副词形式，意为“个人地、私自地” ，在句中作状语。【举例】She was privately educated at schools in London and Paris. 她在伦敦和巴黎的学校接受过私立教育。2. This is pro
11、bably because North American manners and Chinese manners are so different. 这很可能是因为北美洲的礼节与中国的理解太不一样的原因。句中的 because North American . 是表语从句，用在系词 be后作表语，注意要使用陈述语序。如：These are what they bought for me. 这些是他们给我买的东西。3. In both China and North America, it is polite to offer an elderly person a seat on the bu
12、s. 在中国和北美洲，在公共汽车上给年长者让座是有礼貌的。both and 意为“和都” ，这是等立连词，可以连接句中句子成分相同的词语，如果连接主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。如：Both Li Hong and Zhang Ping like this dress. 李红和张平都喜欢这件裙子。句式 offer somebody something 表示“给某人提供某物” 。 如：His company offer him a new house. 他的公司提供给他一套新房。Lesson 46: How to Many CulturesI. Learning aims:Master the n
13、ew words: percent, immigrant, according, although, religion, respect II. Learning important and difficult points: 1) Now more than half of Canadians have British or French blood.2) According to a survey, the number of European immigrants dropped from 90 percent to 25 percent, and the number of Asian
14、 and Middle Eastern immigrants rose from 3 percent to 48 percent.3) It is important that people from different cultures can live together in one country.4) Is there a Canadian way of understanding the world?Language Points:1. The rest are from every part of the world: Asia, Africa, Central America,
15、South America and other European countries.【用法】rest 为名词，表示 “剩余部分” ，常用 the rest，可以指人，也可以指物，常用搭配结构为 “the rest of the +名词” ，其中的名词可以是复数名词，也可以是不可数名词。当 the rest 或 “the rest of the +名词” 作主语时，谓语动词的数要与 the rest 所表示的名词的数保持一致。【举例】This e-mail is for me, and the rest of e-mails are for you.2. Now more than half
16、of Canadians have British or French blood. 如今一半多的加拿大人有英国和法国血统。【用 法】half of 意为“一半的” ，后接 名词，以这类短语作主语时，如果后面的名词是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数；如果后面的谓语动词是可数名词复数，谓语动 词用复数。如：【举例】Half of the water in this river is polluted. 这条河有一半的水被污染了。2. According to a survey, the number of European immigrants dropped from 90 percent to 2
17、5 percent, and the number of Asian and Middle Eastern immigrants rose from 3 percent to 48 percent. 根据调查，欧洲移民的数量从 90%下降到 25%，而亚洲和中东的移民数量从 3%上升至 48%。【用法】句中的 according to意为“根据” ，后加名词或代词后用作状语，多用于句首。【举例】According to this map, that city is far from here. 根据这张地图，那座城市距离这里很远。【用法】句中的 the number of意为“数量” ，后加名
18、词，以这类短语作主语时，谓语动词多使用单数形式。类似短语 a number of意为“一些” ，后加名词复数，以这类短语作主语时，谓语动词多使用复数形式。【举例】The number of the students in our class is fifty. 我们班的学生数量是 50。Lesson 47: Good MannersI. Learning aims:Master the new words: accept, host, offer, consider, overnight, sweet, noisy, localII. Learning important and diffic
19、ult points: 1) I invited him for dinner at my home, and he accepted.2) Its OK in China, but its considered rude in Western cultures.3) It will be my first time visiting a Russian house.4) Remember to be yourself and have fun.Language Points:1. noisy【用法】作形容词，意为“吵闹的、嘈杂的” ， 在句中作定语或表语。【举例】They are walki
20、ng in the noisy street. 他们正走在嘈杂的街道上。【拓展】noise 是不可数名词，意为“噪音、吵闹” ；noisily 是副词，意为“吵闹地、嘈杂地” ，在句中作状语。【举例】Please dont make any noise any more. 请不要再吵闹了。2. I invited him for dinner at my home, and he accepted. 我邀请他参加我家的聚会，并且他接受了。【用法】句式 invite somebody for 意为“邀请某人参加” ，介词 for后加名词或代词作宾语。【举例】They invited us for
21、 their discussion. 他们邀请我们参加他们的讨论。【拓展】句式 invite somebody to 意为“邀请某人去某地” ，介词 to后加表示地点的名词或代词作宾语。【举例】Mr. Zhou invited me to his office. 周先生邀请我去他的办公室。【拓展】句式 invite somebody to do something 意为“邀请某人做某事” ，其中的不定式作宾语补足语。【举例】Sally invited her friends to dance with her. 萨利邀请她的朋友们和她一起跳舞。3. It will be my first ti
22、me visiting a Russian house. 这将是我第一次参观俄罗斯的房子。【用法】句中的 visiting a Russian house 是现在分词短语作定语，修饰前面的名词 time，过去分词短语作定语时也要放在名词后。【举例】I bought a book written by Mo Yan. 我买了一本莫言写的书。Lesson 48: Supper with the BradshawsI. Learning aims:Master the new words: taste, tradition, airport, imagine, reaction, gunII. Le
23、arning important and difficult points: 1) I didnt know what well do with them.2) I am so busy with Christmas these days.3) I wish everyone here, especially Debbie, could learn some Chinese manners.4) We are planning another trip to Chinatown during the Spring Festival.Language Points:1. I didnt know
24、 what well do with them. 我不知道该如何处理它们。 【用法】短语 do with 意为“对付、处理、安排” ，多与疑问词 what 连用，表示“如何对付、处理、安排” 。【举例】What will you do with these old books? 你将如何处理这些旧书呢？【拓展】短语 deal with也表示“对付、处理、安排” ，多与疑问词 how 连用，表示“如何对付、处理、安排” 。【举例】I want to know how youll deal with this problem. 我想知道你将如何处理这个问题。2. I am so busy with
25、 Christmas these days. 这些天我忙于圣诞节了。【用法】 句式 be busy with something 意为“忙于某事” ；类似句式 be busy doing something 表示“忙于做某事” 。【举例】Danny was busy with his homework all day long. = Danny was busy doing his homework all day long. 丹尼整天忙于做作业了。3. I wish everyone here, especially Debbie, could learn some Chinese manners. 我希望每个人，尤其是黛比，要了解一些中国的礼仪。【用法】 当 wish 是一般现在时的时候，后面的宾语从句要使用一般过去时，这是虚拟语气，用来表达某种愿望。【举例】We wish we could fly to the moon by spaceship. 我们希望能乘坐宇宙飞船飞向月球。