1、专题 14 新闻报道、广告类2018年高考试题A【2018全国 I】Washington, D.C. Bicycle ToursCherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.Duration TourThis small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see a world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, D.C. Your guide will provide a history lesson about the tree
2、s and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability the cherry blossomsdisappear!Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle TourDuration:3 hours (4 miles)Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, D.C. Explore the monuments and memor
3、ials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water.Capital City Bike Tour In Washington, D.C.Duration:3 hours Morning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D. C. newcomers and locals lookin
4、g to experience Washington, D.C. in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most ,interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route(路线）make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.Washington
5、Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour Duration:3 hours(7miles)Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, D.C. Get up close to the monuments and memorials as your bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo taking a
6、s your guide offers unique facts and history. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.21. Which tour do you need to book in advance?A. Cherry Blossom like Tour in Washington, D.C.B. Washington capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.C. Ca
7、pital City Bike Tour in Washington, D. C.D. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.22. What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour?A. Meet famous people. B. Go to a national park.C. Visit well-known museums. D. Enjoy interesting stories.23. Which of the following does the bicycle tour at
8、night provide?A. City maps. B. Cameras.C. Meals D. Safety lights【答案】21. A 22. D 23. D【解析】本文是一篇广告应用文。文章介绍了骑自行车到 Washington, D.C.旅游的四中路线的相关行程及注意事项。23. 细节理解题。根据文章 Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour中的 All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.可知，所有骑行者都要装备反光背心和安全手电筒。故选 D
9、。点睛：本篇文章最容易出错的题是 21题，究其原因是不熟悉词汇 reserve的词义：预约。in advance 意为：提前。因此，高考前熟悉词汇和短语是重中之重的事情。Reserve your spot before availability and the cherry blossoms disappear在有效期和樱花消失前预约。 A【2018全国 II】Summer ActivitiesStudents should read the list with their parents/careers, and select two activities they would like t
10、o do. Forms will be available in school and online for them to indicate their choices and return to school. Before choices are finalised, parents/careers will be asked to sign to confirm their childs choices.Activity Description Member of staff CostOutdoor Adventure (OUT)Take yourself out of your co
11、mfort zone for a week, discover new personal qualities, and learn new skills. You will be able to take part in a number of activities from canoeing to wild camping on Dartmoor. Learn rock climbing and work as a team, and enjoy the great outdoor environment.Mr. Clemens 140 WWI Battlefields and Paris(
12、WBP)On Monday we travel to London. After staying overnight in London, we travel on Day 2 to northern France to visit the World War I battlefields. On Day 3 we cross into Belgium. Thursday Mrs. Milson 425sees us make the short journey to Paris where we will visit Disneyland Paris park, staying until
13、late to see the parade and the fireworks. Our final day, Friday, sees us visit central Paris and tour the main sights. CraftyFoxes(CRF)Four days of product design centred around textiles. Making lovely objects using recycled and made materials. Bags, cushions and decorations.Learn skills and leave w
14、ith modern and unusual textiles.Mrs. Goode 30Potty about Potter(POT)Visit Warner Bros Studio, shop stop to buy picnic, stay overnight in an approved Youth Hostel Miss Drake 150in Streatley-on -Thames, guided tour of Oxford to see the film locations, picnic lunch outside Oxfords Christchurch, boating
15、 on the River Cherwell through the University Parks, before heading back to Exeter.21. Which activity will you choose if you want to go camping?A. OUT. B. WBP. C. CRF. D. POT.22. What will the students do on Tuesday with Mrs. Wilson?A. Travel to London.B. See a parade and fireworks.C. Tour central P
16、aris.D. Visit the WWI battlefields.23. How long does Potty about Potter last?A. Two days. B. Four days.C. Five days. D. One week.【答案】21. A 22. D 23. A【解析】本文是一篇广告布告类说明文。文中讲述了家长和孩子一起挑选可以参加的活动。文中分别对这些活动的名称，活动内容，活动特色和活动组织工作人员还有活动的价格进行了详细的描述。21. 细节理解题。根据题干中的 go camping，我们可以迅速浏览到第一个活动当中的 wild camping (野外露
17、营)这个关键信息。故选 A。23. 细节理解题。根据题干中的信息 Potty about Potter last我们从最后一种活动来寻找答案。关键信息 overnight意为“一夜的逗留” 。故这个活动是持续两天。故选 A。点睛：做广告布告类说明文题型时一定要先看题干，再从文中找答案。我们可以清楚的看到：这三道题是互相之间没有联系的并且都是根据题干中的关键信息就可以锁定某一段落直接找答案的。A【2018全国 III】Welcome to Holker Hall they live with her sister in Moldova, where salaries are among the
18、lowest in Europe. She was skeptical that the language requirement would encourage integration.Italians always “see me as a foreigner， ” an outsider, even though shes stayed in the country for years and can speak the local language fluently, she said.28Why does Cojochru have to take a language test?A
19、. To continue to stay in Italy. B. To teach her children Italian.C. To find a better job in Italy. D. To better mix with the Italians.29Some people worry that the new language requirement may _A. reduce Italys population quickly B. cause conflicts among peopleC. lead to financial difficulties D. put
20、 pressure on schools30What do we know about Cojochru?A. She lives with her sister now in Italy.B. She enjoys learning the Italian language.C. She speaks Italian well enough for her job.D. She wishes to go back to her home country.【文章大意】 本文是一篇议论文，主要阐述了对意大利刚出台的针对日益增长的移民所采取的语言测试政策的不同看法。28. A 细节理解题。根据文章
21、第一段“but in order to stay shes had to prove her language skills”可以推断，Cojochru 为了能够继续在意大利待下去，将不得不参加语言测试。为了留在意大利是她要参加语言测试的目的所在，所以答案选 A项。30. C 推理判断题。根据文章最后两段，特别是最后一段“shes stayed in the country for years and can speak the local language fluently”可知，Cojochru 已经在意大利居住多年，能流利地讲当地的方言，她在当地的交流和工作很顺利，故答案选 C项。【名师
22、点睛】本文【小题 29】属于推理判断题，根据题干“Some people worry that the new language requirement may”, 抓住关键词 worry，可以从文中第三段第一句话进行推断： Some immigrant advocates worry that as hard financial times make it more difficult for natives to keep jobs, such measures will become a more vehicle for intolerance than integration. 根据关
23、键信息 intolerance可判断对语言的要求会造成外来居民和本地居民的不融合，即矛盾，从而选出正确答案。推理判断题是历届考生失分较多的题型，因为此类题不仅要求考生理解具体事实细节，也要理解抽象含义，推理题的解题方法有：1. 抓住特定的信息进行逆向或正向推理：善于抓住某一段话中的关键信息，即某些关键词或短语去分析，利用逆向思维或正向推理，从而推断出这句话所隐藏的深层含义。 （29 小题使用的就是这种方法）2. 结合全文（段）进行推断：做推理题时，需要在弄懂全文意思的基础上，整合与题目相关的有用信息，综合起来进行推理判断，从而确定最佳结论。3. 根据上下文的逻辑关系得出结论：逻辑结论是指严格根
24、据文章中所陈述的事实，论点，例证等一系列论据材料进行推理，从而得出合乎逻辑的结论，所以要把握作者的写作思路，预测下文可能发展的内容。文章可按照事件发展的经过描写，也可按照因果关系，对比关系来描写。4. 结合自己已有的知识进行推断：知识推断是根据文章中所阐述的细节，运用自己掌握的基础知识进行推敲，从而得出答案，这需要我们有一定的社会基础知识，以及对细节和有关背景知识的充分理解。考点：考查议论文类阅读广告应用类2017北京卷BInspiring young minds!TOKNOW Magazine is a big hit in the world of childrens publishing
25、, bringing a unique combination of challenging ideas and good fun to young fans every month.What is so special about TOKNOW Magazine?Well, it has no ads or promotions insideinstead it is jampacked with serious ideas. TOKNOW makes complex ideas attractive and accessible to children, who can become in
26、volved in advanced concepts and even philosophy(哲学)and they will soon discover that TOKNOW feels more like a club than just a magazine.Sounds too good to be true？Take a look onlineevidence shows that thousands of teachers and parents know a good thing when they see it and recommend TOKNOW to their f
27、riends.Happy Birthday All Year！What could be more fun than a gift that keeps coming through the letterbox every month? The first magazine with your gift message will arrive in time for the special day.SUBSCRIBE NOWAnnual SubscriptionEurope 55 Rest of World 65Annual Subscription with Gift PackWhats i
28、nside?Every month the magazine introduces a fresh new topic with articles, experiments and creative things to makethe magazine also explores philosophy and wellbeing to make sure young readers have a balanced take on life.Includes a Mammoth Map, a Passport Puzzle Booklet, and SubscriptionEurope 60 R
29、est of World 70Refund Policythe subscription can be cancelled within 28 days and you can get your money back.59.Why is TOKNOW a special magazine?AIt entertains young parents.BIt provides serious advertisements.CIt publishes popular science fictions.DIt combines fun with complex concepts.60What does
30、TOKNOW offer its readers?AOnline courses.BArticles on new topics.CLectures on a balanced life.DReports on scientific discoveries.61How much should you pay if you make a 12month subscription to TOKNOW with gift pack from China?A55. B60. C65. D70.62Subscribers of TOKNOW would get _Afree birthday prese
31、ntsBfull refund within 28 daysCmembership of the TOKNOW clubDchances to meet the experts in person【文章大意】 本文是一则广告，介绍了 TOKNOW杂志以其独特的观点和趣味性在儿童中很受欢迎。该杂志没有广告，内容创新，文章新颖，家长和父母都将其推荐给身边的朋友。61D 细节理解题。根据 Annual Subscription with Gift Pack部分可知除欧洲外其他地区需要 70英镑， 所以答案为 D。62B 细节理解题。从“Refund Policythe subscription ca
32、n be cancelled within 28 days and you can get your money back.”可知：28 天内可以退款。 因此答案为 B。【名师点睛】细节理解题的类型：1、直接信息题对此类题型，考生可以首先从问题中找到关键词，然后以此为线索，运用略读及查阅的技巧在文中迅速寻找这一细节，找到后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读一遍，仔细比较所给选项与文中细节的细微区别，在准确理解细节的前提下，最后确定最佳答案。60 题就是可以直接在文中找到有关信息。2、间接信息题做这类题目时，考生需要对原文信息进行加工处理，然后再进行进一步的推理或鉴别，这是介于事实细节题和推理判断题之间的
33、一种题型，对考生来说有一定难度。比如第 61题就属于间接信息题，只需要根据题意推知中国属于 Rest of World，故是70，答案为 D。3、数字计算题数字计算题也是近几年高考中常考的内容，此类试题是在文章中直接表现出来细节事实，有的要经过具体的计算才能够得出正确的答案。具体的计算题可以是对年代的计算、月份的计算或比例的计算等。文章中经常会出现许多数字，它们对解题产生一定的影响。解答此类试题的方法是先来理解文章的大意，然后经过对比、分析、计算等就能够得出正确的答案。4、排列顺序题这种试题要求考生根据事件发生的先后顺序和句子之间的逻辑关系，找出事件发生的正确顺序。做这种题时可采用“首尾定位法
34、” ，即最先找出第一个事件和最后一个事件，迅速缩小选择范围，从而快速选出正确答案。5、图表图画题在有图表图画的阅读理解中，有的图表图画出现在阅读理解文章中，有的出现在选项中，这些图片的出现增加了试题的直观性，同时也暗含着和文章内容相关的信息。在解答此类试题的时候，一定要把握图表图画中所暗含的信息，特别是有些事实是通过图片来叙述的，我们可以采用按图寻找正确答案的方法。2017江苏卷ACHRONOLOGICAThe Unbelievable Years that Defined HistoryDID YOU KNOW In 105 AD paper was invented in China? W
35、hen Columbus discovered the New World? The British Museum opened in 1759?CHRONOLOGICA is a fascinating journey through time，from the foundation of Rome to the creation of the Internet. Along the way are tales of kings and queens，hot air balloonsand monkeys in space.Travel through 100 of the most unb
36、elievable years in world history and learn why being a Roman Emperor wasnt always as good as it sounds，how the Hundred Years War didnt actually last for 100 years and why Spencer Perceval holds a rather unfortunate record.CHRONOLOGICA is an informative and entertaining tour into history，beautifully
37、illustrated and full of unbelievable facts. While CHRONOLOGICA tells the stories of famous people in history such as Thomas Edison and Alexander the Great，this book also gives an account of the lives of lesserknown individuals including the explorer Mungo Park and sculptor Gutzon Borglum.This comple
38、te but brief historical collection is certain to entertain readers young and old，and guaranteed to present even the biggest history lover with something new！56.What is CHRONOLOGICA according to the text?AA biography. BA travel guide.CA history book. DA science fiction. 57How does the writer recommen
39、d CHRONOLOGICA to readers?ABy giving details of its collection.BBy introducing some of its contents. CBy telling stories at the beginning. DBy comparing it with other books.【文章大意】 本文是一篇广告应用文。文章主要介绍了历史书 CHRONOLOGICA的内容、特点、合适的读者群体等。56. C 推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“While CHRONOLOGICA tells the stories of famous pe
40、ople in history such as Thomas Edison and Alexander the Great, this book also gives an account of the lives of lesserknown individuals including the explorer Mungo Park and sculptor Gutzon Borglum.”可判断 CHRONOLOGICA是本书。从文章副标题“The Unbelievable Years that Defined History”(那些难以置信的界定了历史的年份)和第三段第一句“CHRONO
41、LOGICA is an informative and entertaining tour into history”都可以看出这本书与历史有关，因此CHRONOLOGICA是一本历史书，故选 C项。【名师点睛】推断文章出处是高考英语阅读中一个比较常见的考点。主要考查考生能否从内容特点、文体特点、语言风格等判断出所读文章的具体出处。比如，如果所读材料具有较强的时效性或新闻性，则可能出自新闻报道；如果所读材料侧重历史事实，且措辞严谨，则可能出自历史教科书；如果所读材料中涉及工作要求、工资待遇、联系电话等，则可能出自招聘广告；如果所读材料轻松、休闲，则可能出自旅游杂志或休闲杂志等。第 56题属于
42、这一类题目。根据文章中出现的历史事件不难推断出 CHRONOLOGICA是一本历史书。考点：考查信息类短文阅读。 2017全国卷APacific Science Centre GuideVisit Pacific Science Centres StoreDont forget to stop by Pacific Science Centres Store while you are here to pick up a wonderful science activity or souvenir to remember your visit. The store is located(位于)
43、 upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laser Dome.Hungry? Our exhibits will feed your mind, but what about your body? Our cafe offers a complete menu of lunch and snack options, in addition to seasonal specials. The cafe is located upstairs in Building 1 and is open daily until one hour before Pa
44、cific Science Centre closes.Rental InformationLockers are available to store any belongings during your visit. The lockers are located in Building 1 near the Information Desk and in Building 3. Pushchairs and wheelchairs are available to rent at the Information Desk and Denny Way entrance. ID requir
45、ed.Support Pacific Science CentreSince 1962, Pacific Science Centre has been inspiring a passion(热情) for discovery and lifelong learning in science, maths and technology. Today, Pacific Science Centre serves more than 1.3 million people a year and brings inquirybased science education to classrooms
46、and community events all over Washington State. Its an amazing accomplishment and one we cannot achieve without generous support from individuals, corporations, and other social organizations. Visit pacificsciencecentre.org to find various ways you can support Pacific Science Centre.21Where can you
47、buy a souvenir at Pacific Science Centre?AIn Building 1.BIn Building 3.CAt the Laser Dome.DAt the Denny Way entrance.22What does Pacific Science Centre do for schools?ATrain science teachers.BDistribute science books.CInspire scientific research.DTake science to the classroom.23What is the purpose o
48、f the last part of the text?ATo encourage donations.BTo advertise coming events.CTo introduce special exhibits.DTo tell about the Centres history.【文章大意】 本文是一篇广告应用文。文章主要从购物点、就餐点、租借服务三方面介绍了 Pacific Science Centre，并展示了 Pacific Science Centre为人们做的贡献，呼吁人们的支持。21. B 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“The store is located (位于
49、) upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laser Dome.”可知，Pacific Science Centre的购物点在 Laser Dome旁边的 3号楼的楼上。故选 B。22. D 细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“Today, Pacific Science Centre serves more than 1.3 million people a year and brings inquirybased science education to classrooms and community events all over Washington State.”可知，现在 Pacific Science