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本文(人教版八年级英语上册Unit2 Grammar培优讲义(含答案))为本站会员(hua****011)主动上传,七七文库仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对上载内容本身不做任何修改或编辑。 若此文所含内容侵犯了您的版权或隐私,请立即通知七七文库(发送邮件至373788568@qq.com或直接QQ联系客服),我们立即给予删除!

人教版八年级英语上册Unit2 Grammar培优讲义(含答案)

1、 Unit 2 How often do you exercise? Grammar 一、一、how often 引导的特殊疑问句引导的特殊疑问句 1. how often 意为多久(一次),它引导的特殊疑问句用来询问某动作发生的频率。how often 通常是对一 些表示频率的副词提问,如:always,usually,often,sometimes,never 等,也可以对表示多久几次 之类的频率短语提问,如 once a week,twice a year,three times a day 等。 How often do you go back home? 你多久回家一次? Once

2、a week/Often/Sometimes. 一周一次/经常/有时。 2. 特别提示:若仅对像 once,twice,three times 这样只表示次数的词语提问,要用 how many times多少 次,不用 how often。 How many times have you been to Beijing? 你去过北京多少次? Only once. 仅仅一次。 3. 注意 how often 与其他短语的区别 (1) how long 主要用来提问动作延续了多长时间, 答语通常含有for + 一段时间、 since + 时间点 或 since 引导的时间状语从句。问句和答语中的谓

3、语动词通常为延续性动词。how long 也可以用来询问 长度。 How long can I keep this book? 这本书我能借多长时间? For two weeks. 两周。 How long is the bridge? 这座桥有多长? About 1,000 meters. 大约 1,000 米。 (2)how soon 用来询问过多久动作才发生,谓语动词常为终止性动词,时态多为将来时,答语通常 为in +一段时间。 How soon will you get here? 你还有多久能到这里? In five minutes. 五分钟以后。 (3)how far 用来询问两地

4、之间的距离有多远。 How far is it from your home to your factory? 你家离你的工厂有多远? About twenty minutes walk. 步行大约 20 分钟。 _ does your father go to the fitness center? He exercises there twice a week. A. How soon B. How often C. How long 二、比较法学习频率副词二、比较法学习频率副词 相同相同点点 always,usually,often,sometimes,hardly ever,never

5、 都是频率副词,句中只有 一个行为动词时,应位于动词之前;当有助动词、系动词、情态动词时,位于其 后;谓语动词为多个时,放在第一个助动词或情态动词之后(有 not 时,放 not 之后)。 always (100%) (1)always 表示动作重复,状态连续,中间从来没有间断,表示频率最大,意思 是总是,一直,永远。其反义词为 never。 (2) always 与进行时态连用, 并不强调动作正在进行, 而是表示说话人的赞叹、 不满、厌烦等情绪,带有强烈的感情色彩,结构:be always doing sth。 She is always asking for leave. 她老是请假。(表

6、示不满) (3)always 与 not 连用,表示部分否定,意思是不总是。 The rich are not always happy. 有钱人未必总幸福。 I do not always believe what he says. 我并没始终相信他所说的话。 usually (80%左右左右) usually 的频率仅次于 always,意为通常,表示通常如此,很少例外。其反义 词为 unusually。usually 一般情况下位于句中。 He usually goes to bed at ten oclock. 他通常在 10 点睡觉。 What do you usually do o

7、n Sundays? 你通常星期天干什么? often (50%左右左右) often经常,常常,强调经常性,表示动作重复,中间有间断,它比 always, usually 语气弱,其反义词为 seldom。 They often go for a walk after supper. 晚饭后,他们常常去散步。 She is often late for work. 她上班常迟到。 sometimes (30%左右左右) (1)sometimes 表示有时,不时,间或,同义词组为 at times,表示动作偶尔 发生,中间间隔较大,频率比 often 小。 (2)sometimes 有时为了对

8、比或强调,也可位于句首或句末,但不引起倒装。 Sometimes he slept at home, sometimes he slept in the office. 他有时在家睡觉, 有 时在办公室睡觉。 hardly ever (1%-10%左左 右右) (1)hardly ever几乎从不,很少,所表示的频率已经很少了,相当于 seldom。 He hardly ever goes to bed before midnight. 他很少在半夜前就寝。 (2)hardly ever 是具有否定意义的副词,不与 not 连用。 never(0%) (1)never 表示从来不,未曾,永不,

9、频率为零,表示动作或状态从没发生。 (2)通常情况下,句子中用了 never,就不再用含有否定意义的 not,no,nothing 等词。 (3)never 位于句首时要用倒装语序。 Never have I met such a strange person. 我从来没有碰见过这么怪的人。 小提示小提示 (1)表示频率的答语有 every day,once a week,three times a day 等。 (2)对表示频率的副词和短语提问用 how often。 频度副词用法频度副词用法 行前系后情助后,句首句末表强调。 (行行为动词;系系动词 be;情情态动词;助助动词) Do yo

10、u like going mountain climbing? Yes, I _ do it on weekends with my friends. A. seldom B. often C. never D. hardly ever 【答案】B I. 单项选择单项选择 1. (2016福建福州卷)_ is the nearest hospital from here? Er, its about ten minutes walk. A. How long B. How far C. How often 2.(2016贵州黔西南卷)_ will you come back? I will c

11、ome back in eighteen days. A. How often B. How long C. How soon D. How much 3. (2016湖南长沙卷)_ will you fly to Beijing? In two days. A. How long B. How often C. How soon 4.(2016江苏连云港卷)_ will the 6th Chinese Film Festival in France last? From May 24th to July 19th. A. How often B. How soon C. How long D

12、. How many 5.(2016湖北荆州卷)I _ eat vegetables. But they are good for your health! We should eat them every day. A. often B. usually C. always D. seldom 6.(2015广东佛山卷)Meals are very boring. He _ has the same thing to eat every day. A. never B. usually C. sometimes 7.(2015广西崇左卷)Have you ever been to Guili

13、n? No, _. I hope I can go there next year. A. always B. sometimes C. never D. often 8.(2015大连卷)There is lots of interesting work to do here, so I _ feel bored. A. always B. often C. usually D. never 9.(2015绥化卷)How often does Mike go to the net bar? _. He is so busy with his study. A. Almost every da

14、y B. Always C. Hardly ever 10.(2015泰安)_ do I need to feed the pet dog? Twice a day. A. How long B. How much C. How soon D. How often 11. (2015绥化) How often does Mike go to the net bar? _. He is so busy with his study. A. Almost every day B. Always C. Hardly ever 12. _ do you play football? Never. I

15、dont like that. A. How far B. How many C. How often D. How long 13. How many hours do you exercise every day? _. A. Twice a day B. Second C. Two D. Two times 14. If my friends have any problems, my door is _ open to them. A. never B. seldom C. sometimes D. always 15. I _ ride a bike to school. But t

16、his morning, I walked to school. A. never B. hardly C. seldom D. usually II. 根据要求完成下列各题根据要求完成下列各题 1. I visited my friends in Beijing twice a month last year.(对画线部分提问) _ _ did you visit your friends in Beijing last year? 2. Mike always plays computer games on school nights.(改为否定句) Mike _ _ computer g

17、ames on school nights. 3. I go to school five days a week.(对画线部分提问) _ _ _ do you go to school a week? 4. She watches TV every day.(对画线部分提问) _ _ _ she watch TV? 5. Mr. Zhang is teaching him English.(用 often 改写句子) Mr. Zhang _ _ him English. 6. I often go shopping.(对画线部分提问) _ _ do you go shopping? 7. S

18、he sleeps seven hours every day.(对画线部分提问) _ _ _ does she _ every day? 8. His shoes are fifty yuan.(对画线部分提问) _ _ are his shoes? 9. She washes clothes every Sunday.(改为否定句) She _ _ clothes every Sunday. 10. We often visit our grandparents on weekends.(对画线部分提问) _ _ you often _ on weekends? 11. Many youn

19、g people watch football matches on TV four or five times a week.(对画线部分提问) _ _ _ _ many young people _ football matches on TV? 12. Jack usually does his homework at school.(改为一般疑问句) _ Jack _ _ his homework at school? III. 完成句子,每空一词完成句子,每空一词 1. 你父亲周末经常做什么?(usually) _ 2. 你多久打扫一次你的卧室?(how often) _ 3. 母亲

20、说这对我的健康有益。 (be good for) _ 4. 你每晚睡几个小时?(how many) _ 5. 一些学生每周看电视 4 到 5 次。 (times) _ 6. 夏天的下午我们通常在公园里玩。 (usually) _ 7. 我妈妈上班从不迟到。 (never) _ 8. 你应该经常去看你的祖父母。(often) _ 9. 不要总是待在家看电视。 (always) _ 10. 有时候我坐汽车去那里。 (sometimes) _ IV. 完形填空完形填空 Ava was ill. She went to see a doctor. The doctor asked her to 1 h

21、er tongue (舌头), and then he said, OK. You can put your tongue back now. Theres 2 wrong with you, but Im afraid you have a problem, you never take 3 . But, doctor, Ava said, I dont think so. Dont 4 me what you think, the doctor said, I see a lot of people 5 you. None of them get any exercise. They si

22、t in offices all day and in front of the TV in the evening. You must walk quickly for at least 20 minutes a day. Doctor, you dont understand. Ava said, I take enough exercise every day. I dont want to 6 any excuses, the doctor said, You must find time 7 exercise. If you dont, you will get 8 and have

23、 health problems. But I walk every day. Ava said. Oh, yes, and I know what kind of walking that is. You walk 9 meters to the bus stop from your house, from the bus stop to your office, and from your office to your dining-room for lunch and back. Thats not a real walk. Im talking about a walk by the

24、lake or in the park for 20 minutes every day. Would you please 10 me, doctor? Ava said, Im a postwoman. I walk for nearly seven hours every day. For a moment the doctor was silent, then he said, Can I see your tongue again? 1. A. put away B. put down C. put out 2. A. something B. nothing C. some 3.

25、A. exercises B. medicine C. exercise 4. A. tell B. say C. ask 5. A. seem B. likes C. like 6. A. hear B. say C. find 7. A. about B. for C. in 8. A. thin B. strong C. fat 9. A. little B. a little C. a few 10. A. to hear B. hear C. listen to V. 短文填空短文填空 Now many children are getting fat because they do

26、 little e 1 . Some of them spend too much time watching TV. O 2 have to spend a lot of time studying. So they dont have e 3 time to exercise. A report says that many middle school students spend about 10 hours a day sitting down and more than 13 hours e 4 week watching TV. And many students like eat

27、ing sweet food. That also m 5 them fatter. Do you want to be healthy but dont know h 6 ? It is very i 7 to exercise and eat the right food. You dont need to spend all day doing exercise to keep fit. In fact, you can exercise anywhere at any t 8 . Walking to school, c 9 the house or climbing stairs(楼

28、梯) every day can h 10 . Remember there are easy ways to keep fit. Doing exercise can make you feel good. That also helps you do better at school. I. 单项选择单项选择 1. B 【解析】句意:最近的医院离这里多远?嗯,步行大约十分钟的路程。how long 多久,多长 时间,提问时间;low far 多远,提问路程;how often 多久一次,提问频率。由答语可知问的是路程 的长度,故选 A。 3. C 【解析】句意:你多久会飞回北京?2 天后。

29、How long 多长时间;How often 多久一次;How soon 还要过多久,与将来时连用。故选 C。 4. C 【解析】 句意: 法国的中国第 6 届电影节持续多长时间?从 5 月 24 日到 7 月 19 日。 How often 多久一次;How soon 还要过多久;How long 多长,对时间段提问;How many 多少,对可数名词的 数量提问。故选 C。 5. D 【解析】句意:我很少吃蔬菜。但是它们对你的健康有好处!我们应该每天吃它们。often 经常;usually 经常;always 总是;seldom 很少;根据 But they are good for y

30、our health!可知此处表示 转折关系,虽然它们有利于健康,但是他吃得少,故用副词 seldom,故选 D。 6. B 【解析】句意:他的饮食很单一,每天通常吃同样的东西。never 从不,绝不;usually 通常;sometimes 有时。故选 B。 7. C 【解析】句意:你曾经去过桂林吗?没有,从没去过。我希望明年能去那里。这四个选项都 是频率副词,always 总是,一直;sometimes 有时,偶尔;never 从不,从来不;often 经常。根据否 定回答及后文说希望明年能去,说明从来没有去过,故选 C。 8. D 【解析】句意:这儿有许多有趣的事情做。因此我从不感到无聊

31、。always 总是,一直;often 经常; usually 通常;never 从不,绝不。因为有许多有趣的事,所以从不无聊。故选 D。 9. C 【解析】 almost every day 几乎每天; always 总是; hardly ever 几乎从不。 由He is so busy with his study. 可知 C 项为正确答案。 10. D 【解析】 句意: 我多久需要喂宠物狗一次?天两次。 how long 多长时间; how much 多少(钱); how soon 多久;how often 多久一次。根据答语可知询问频率,故选 D。 13. C 【解析】句意:你每天运

32、动多少个小时?两个小时。由问句中的 How many hours 可知这里 是问运动的时长,故选 C。 14. D 【解析】本题用句意分析法解题。句意:如果我的朋友有任何问题,我的门总是会为他们敞开。never 从不;seldom 很少;sometimes 有时;always 总是。故选 D 项。 15. D 【解析】句意:我通常骑自行车去学校。但是今天早上我步行去的学校。never 从不;hardly 几乎不; seldom 很少;usually 通常,结合句意可知要选 D。 II. 根据要求完成下列各题根据要求完成下列各题 1. How often 2. never plays 3. Ho

33、w many days 4. How often does 5. often teaches 6. How often 7. How many hours;sleep 8. How much 9. doesnt wash 10. What do;do 11. How many times do;watch 12. Does;usually do III. 完成句子,每空一词完成句子,每空一词 1. What does your father usually do on weekends? 2. How often do you clean your bedroom? 3. Mother say

34、s its good for my health. 4. How many hours do you sleep every night? 5. Some students watch TV four or five times a week. 6. We usually play in the park in the afternoon in summer. 7. My mother is never late for work. 8. You should often go to see your grandparents. 9. Dont always watch TV at home.

35、 10. Sometimes I go there by car. IV. 完形填空完形填空 【文章大意】Ava 生病了去看医生,医生检查了她的舌头之后,建议她要多做运动,多走动。不然就会 变胖或者会有健康方面的问题。建议她每天至少走二十分钟的路。Ava 说她是邮递员,每天至少要走七个小 时。最后医生提出再次检查她的舌头。 1. C 【解析】考查动词短语及语境的理解。句意:医生让她伸出舌头。put away 放好,储存;put down 记 下,放下;put out 伸出,扑灭; put up 建造,举起。故选 C。 4. A 【解析】考查代词及语境的理解。句意:不要告诉我你在想什么。say、

36、talk、tell、speak 都是说 的意思。say+内容及 say sth to sb;用英语说翻译为 say it in English,给某人讲故事tell sb. a story,tell sb sth/tell sth to sb。talk 交谈,聊天 talk to sb/talk sb about sth。speak说、讲、演 讲。作及物动词时,宾语常是表示语言的词。故选 A。 5. C 【解析】考查动词及语境的理解。句意:我知道有很多人像你一样。seem 似乎,像是,不及物动词, 不能直接加 sb,通常为 seem like,看起来像。like 像一样,介词。故选 C。 6.

37、 A 【解析】考查动词及语境的理解。句意:我不想听任何的借口。hear 听;say 说;find 找到;look for 寻找。故选 A。 7. B 【解析】考查介词及语境的理解。句意:你必须要有锻炼的时间。find time for sth 抽时间做某事。故 选 B。 8. C 【解析】考查形容词及语境的理解。句意:如果你不这样做,你就会变胖还会有健康问题。thin 瘦; strong 强壮;fat 胖;healthy 健康。根据题意,如果不锻炼就会变胖。故选 C。 9. C 【解析】考查形容词及语境的理解。句意:从你的家到汽车站就只有几米。little、a little 用来修饰不 可数名

38、词。排除 A、B。a few 一些。故选 C。 10. C 【解析】考查动词及语境的理解。句意:请你听我说好吗?Would you please do sth?请你做某事好吗? hear 听见,听到,及物动词,是一个无意识的动作。listen to 听,表示专心致志地听,是一个有意识 的听。故选 C。 V. 短文填空短文填空 【文章大意】这篇短文讲述的是现在很多孩子都变得越来越胖,因为他们没有很多时间去锻炼,他们 总是忙着学习或者是看电视。作者认为其实我们可以在任何时间、任何地点进行锻炼,这样可以使我们的 身体保持健康。 1. exercise 【解析】句意:现在很多孩子都因为缺少锻炼而变胖。

39、exercise 锻炼,练习。我们知道锻炼对人 体是有好处的,而这篇短文要告诉我们的是很多孩子因为不锻炼而变得肥胖。下文 So they dont . time to exercise 可知应填 exercise。 4. every/each 【解析】句意:一个报告说很多中学生每天花费大约 10 个小时坐着,每周花费超过 13 个小时 看电视。every 或者 each 的意思都是每一个,修饰后面的名词 week,every week 每周,表示看电视的 频率。 5. makes 【解析】句意:那也会使他们变胖。make 使,是一个使役动词,make them fatter 使他们变得更胖。

40、因为这句话的主语 That 是单数形式,故填 makes。 6. how 【解析】句意:你想要健康但是不知道如何做吗?how 怎样,如何,根据句意可知,很多人都想身 体健康,但是又不知道该怎么做。因此应填 how。 7. important 【解析】句意:锻炼以及吃正确的食物是非常重要的。important 重要的,是一个形容词。根据 文意可知, 如果想要身体健康, 那么锻炼和饮食是很重要的。 这句话中使用的句型是 It is + 形容词 + to do sth.。 8. time 【解析】句意:事实上你可以在任何时间、任何地方进行锻炼。time 时间,是一个名词。at any time 在任

41、何时间。根据文意可知,作者认为我们可以在任何时间、任何地点进行锻炼。故填 time。 9. cleaning 【解析】句意:走路上学、打扫房间或者每天爬楼梯都是有帮助的。clean 打扫,是一个动词, clean the house 打扫房间。因为这句话中 Walking to school 和下面的 climbing stairs 都是用了-ing 形式,故 这里应该填 cleaning。 10. help 【解析】句意:走路上学、打扫房间或者每天爬楼梯都是有帮助的。help 帮助,是一个动词。根据 文意可知,作者认为我们可以在任何时间、任何地点进行锻炼,还给我们举了一些例子,这样做对我们 都是有帮助的,故填 help。