1、Unit 2 Exploring English Using language Grammar: Word formation 1. Look at the sentences and expressions from the reading passage. Match the words in bold to the types of word formation. a. Neither is there pine nor apple in pineapple. b. sculpt a sculpture c. When wesee rain，we can say“it raining”
2、d. WHO Activity 1 1) abbreviating 2) changing the part of speech 3) adding a prefix or suffix 4) combining two or more words （d） （c） （b） （a） 2. Can you find more examples of each type in the reading passage? combining two or more words: hamburger, eggplant, seasick, airsick, carsick, homesick, homew
3、ork, housework adding a prefix or suffix: paintpainting, hardhardly, softsoftly, harmharmless / harmful, shameshameless / shameful, visibleinvisible changing the part of speech: When we see snow, we can say “its snowing”. abbreviating: IT, US Activity 2 Complete the passage with the help of word for
4、mation. When you open a dictionary, you often come across a lot of unfamiliar words. You might think this is a bit scary. But many of them are formed using other simpler words. This is called word formation. Words formation by combining other words are called compounds, for example, _1_（a friend tha
5、t you contact by writing, traditionally using a pen）and _2_（known by many people）Prefixes and suffixes often have fixed meanings. If you add un- or in- to a word, the new word usually means the opposite. For example, if something isnt correct its _3_, and if someone isnt happy theyre _4_.Words with
6、suffixes -ment and -ness are often nouns. For example, if somebody has improve a lot, they have made great _5_. Some nouns and adjectives can be used as verbs, or the other way round. When we calm someone down, they become _6_. And we can give someone a present by _7_it. And sometimes a word is made
7、 up of the first letters of several words： “ World Trade Organization” can be referred to as _8_, and _9_ is short for “as soon as possible.” It is impossible to know the meaning of every word, but knowing about word formation can help us guess their meanings. 【答案】 1 pen friend 2 well-known 3 incorr
8、ect 4 unhappy 5 improvement 6 calm 7 presenting 8 WTO 9 ASAP 【注意】 It is impossible to know the meaning of every word, but knowing about word formation can help us guess their meanings. American and British English Activity 3 Look at the picture and get to know the American English words and their Br
9、itish equivalents. Activity 4 Now complete the passage with the words above.（P18页） 【答案】1 theatre 2 theater 3 gas 4 highway 5 petrol 6 motorway 7 elevator 8 lift 9 subway 10 underground 11 apartment 12 flat Activity 5 Work in pairs. Find more examples of differences between American and British Engli
10、sh. Use a dictionary or search on the Internet. Group A Group B Unfamiliar English expressions Activity 6 Listen to 3 conversations and math them to the picture. aConversation 3 bConversation 1 cConversation 2 Activity 7 Listen again and complete the table. Words Meaning Origin Dim sum a kind of tra
11、ditional 1_. from 2_ 3_ Using a cellphone without caring about others a combination of the words 4_and 5_ 6_ a shorter way of saying 7_ from the internet Now talk about how the speakers ask for and explain the meanings of the words. Listen again if necessary. Activity 8 Work in pairs. Act out the conversation to ask for and explain the meanings of the expressions. Student A: Turn to Page 81. Student B: Turn to Page 84. Activity 9 Work in pairs. Find new words and their meanings on the Internet, and have a similar conversation.