1、Unit4 Wildlife protection-语法篇 通过本节课的学习掌握现在进行时的被动语态的用法。 现在进行时的被动语态 一、现在进行时的被动语态的构成：bebeingdone。如：The new building is being built now; I cant stand its noise. 新的大楼现在正在被建造，我受不了它的噪声。 二、现在进行时的被动语态的形式 1. 肯定式：主语bebeing及物动词的过去分词其他如： Another bridge is being built over the Yangtze River. 长江上正在修建另一座大桥。 2. 否定式：
2、主语benotbeing及物动词的过去分词其他如： Even though your application is not being checked now, the manager will take it into consideration soon. 即使你的申请现在不被审查，但是经理会很快考虑它的。 3. 一般疑问式：Be主语being及物动词的过去分词其他？如： Is the life of pandas being studied by the scientists? 科学家们正在研究熊猫的生活习惯吗？ 4. 特殊疑问式：特殊疑问词be主语being及物动词的过去分词其他？如：
3、 Where is the new science lab being built? 新的实验室正在哪里建造？ 三、现在进行时的被动语态的用法 1表示此时此刻正在进行的被动的动作。如： The baby is being taken good care of. 婴儿正在被悉心照料着。 2表示现阶段正在进行的被动的动作。如： The environment here is being polluted so badly that all the people cant stand it.这儿的环境被污染得如 此严重以至于所有的人都感到难以忍受。 3表示反复进行的被动的动作。 always，fre
4、quently，constantly 等和现在进行时的被动语态连用表示反复进行的被动的动作，这种动 词形式常用来表示赞扬或厌恶的感情色彩。如： I feel very surprised that the window of our classroom is frequently being broken. 我感到很吃惊的是我们教室的那扇窗户经常被打破。 使用现在进行时的被动语态要注意的五个问题：使用现在进行时的被动语态要注意的五个问题： 1.不可漏掉 being，若漏掉，则成为一般现在时的被动语态。 2.可与部分情态动词连用， 表示对正在发生的事情的推测。 He be being scold
5、ed by his father. 3.有时可表示按计划或安排要进行的一个被动动作。Some rock music is being played by them next. 4.某些表示“状态、心理活动、存在”等的动词，如 have, want, need, love,一般不用现在里时的被动 语态，而常用一般现在时的被动语态。 Computer games are loved by more and more young people. 5. “be+under/in+n.” 可表示现在进行时的被动意义。 常用的这种结构有： be under attackbe being attacked
6、正在被攻击 be under considerationbe being considered 正在被考虑 be under constructionbe being constructed 正在被建设 be under discussionbe being discussed 正在被讨论 be under protectionbe being protected 正在被保护 be under repairbe being repaired 正在被修理 单句语法填空 例 1. (2015 吉林长春期中) _by a dog, the little girl was frightened to
7、come close to a dog again. A. Bite B. Having been bitten C. Being bitten D. Biting 解析：句意：由于被狗咬过，这个小女孩突害怕再次靠近狗。根据句意“被狗咬”可知此处为被动， 联系语境“再次”可知“咬过了” 。故要用现在完成分词的完成被动形式。由此可知本题答案。 答案：B 例 2.（2014 天津高考） We wont start the work until all the preparations _. A. are being made B. will be made C. have been made D.
8、 had been made 解析：通常说来。在时间状语从句中使用一般现在时代替将来时，前面的主句中使用将来时。在高 中英语中也使用现在完成时代替将来时，表示到将来某个时间已经完成的事情。句义：直到所有的 准备工作都做好以后， 我们才开始工作。 A 选项为现在进行时的被动， B 选项为一般将来时的被动， C 选项为现在完成的被动，D 选项为过去完成时的被动。由此可知本题答案。 答案：C 例 3. (2015 西城区高三上期末) This ferryboat _ to transport passengers between the harbor and the island for years
9、. A. is used B. was being used C. is being used D. has been used 解析：本句的主语“ferryboat”与谓语动词“use”之间为被动关系，所以要用被动语态。又由“for years” 可知要用现在完成时的被动。由此可知本题答案。 答案：D 例 4. (2014 福建三明月考)Its true that whoever _positive for H7N9 will receive free medical treatment from our government without delay. A. is tested B. i
10、s being tested C. has tested D. tests 解析：由语境可知本句所表达的句意为：无论谁被检测出确实携带 H7N9 病毒都会毫不耽误地接受 政府的免费医治是真实的。谓语 test 与句了主语 whoever 为被动关系，联系语境可知用一般现在时 的被动语态。由此可知本题答案。 答案：A 例 5.(2015 四川高考)More expressways _in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy. A. are being built B. will be built C. have been built D. had
11、been built 解析：句意为：四川将建设更多的高速公路以促进当地的经济。由此可知本题答案。根据时间状语 soon 可知，考查了将来时，又因句子主语 expressways 与动词 build 之间为动宾关系所以要用一般将 来时的被动。故可知本题答案。 答案：B 基础演练基础演练 一用所给词的适当形式填空 1. Can I use your telephone? Sorry, the telephone _ (use) now. 2. I dont suppose the teacher knows who broke the vase. Well, surprisingly she do
12、es. Tom has been called and _ (question) now. 3. The young man is unhappy recently because he is always _ (ask) to give his wife money. 4. Kevin is always _ (praise) by the teacher in class. 5. We cant use our classroom, for it _ (paint) now. 6. Your experiment report _ (type) now and it _ (finish)
13、soon. 7. No decision _ (make) about any future appointment until all the candidates have been interviewed. 8.Little Tony _ (take care of) by his aunt because his parents are both busy with their work. Keys: 1. is being used 2. is being questioned 3. being asked 4. being praised 5. is being painted 6
14、. is being typed; will be finished 7. will be made 8.is being taken care of 巩巩固提高固提高 一把下面的句子变成被动语态(每空一词) 1. They are carrying out an interesting experiment. An interesting experiment _ _ _ _by them. 2. My father is painting our new house. Our new house _ _ _ by my father. 3. Their aunts are taking c
15、are of them. They _ _ _ _ _by their aunts. 4. One of the best students is writing the report. The report _ _ _ by one of the best students. 5. His mother is preparing a wonderful dinner for the guests. A wonderful dinner _ _ _ for the guests by his mother. Keys: 1.is being carried out 2.is being pai
16、nted 3.are being taken care of 4.is being written 5.is being prepared 二用所给词的适当形式填空 1. They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house _(rebuild). 2. Why dont we choose that road to save time? The bridge to it_ (repair) 3.Would you please keep silent? The weather report _ (b
17、roadcast) and I want to listen to it. 4.Whats that noise? Oh, I forgot to tell you. The new machine _(test). 5. I dont suppose the police know who did it. Well, surprisingly they do. A man has been arrested and _ (question) now. Keys: 1.is being rebuilt 2.is being repaired/is under repair 3.is being
18、 broadcast 4.is being tested 5.is being questioned 一把下面的句子改成被动语态(每空一词) 1.The government is making great efforts to improve the living conditions of the people. Great efforts _ _ _to improve the living conditions of the people by the government. 2. The farmers are cutting down the jungles in this are
19、a so quickly that the wild animals may lose their homes in the near future. The jungles in this area _ _ _ _by the farmers so quickly that the wild animals may lose their homes in the near future. 3. People are hunting too many animals these years in some places. Too many animals _ _ _by people thes
20、e years in some places. 4. The teacher is correcting the papers in her office. The papers _ _ _by the teacher in her office. 5. Our headmaster is preparing a speech now. A speech _ _ _by our headmaster now. 6. The family are building a new house over there. A new house _ _ _by the family over there.
21、 7. The doctors are operating on his left leg. His left leg _ _ _by the doctors. 8. We are sending helicopters to rescue them now. Helicopters _ _ _by us to rescue them now. 9. They are discussing whether they will go for a picnic tomorrow. Whether they will go for a picnic tomorrow _ _ _by them. 10
22、. Lucy is carrying a heavy box full of books. A heavy box full of books _ _ _by Lucy. Keys: 1.are being made 2.are being cut down 3.are being hunted 4.are being corrected 5.is being prepared 6.is being built 7.is being operated on 8. are being sent 9.is being discussed 10.is being carried 二用所给词的适当形式
23、填空 1. Excuse me, what time is it now? Sorry, my watch doesnt work.It_(repair) at the shop. 2. Are they about to have dinner? Yes, it_(serve) in the dining room. 3. Cant you see your problem_(discuss)? Have some patience, please. 4. Do you know what Lily is doing? She may_(interview) in the office. 5
24、. By the way, have you moved into the new house? Not yet.The walls_(paint) 6. The church tower which _(restore) will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished. 7. The new generation of computers, with artificial intelligence, _(develop) and perfected now. 8. Flight 221_(announce). Id bet
25、ter be on my way. Goodbye! Bye. Happy landing! 9. Have you handed in your schoolwork yet? Yes, I have. I guess it_(grade) now. 10. You cant use the machine today because some parts_(replace) this week. Keys: 1. is being repaired/is under repair 2.is being served 3. is being discussed/is under discus
26、sion 4.be being interviewed 5. are being painted 6.is being restored 7.are being developed 8. is being announced 9.is being graded 10.are being replaced _ _ 一单项选择。 ( )1. They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house _. A. is being rebuilt B. has been rebuilt C. is rebuilt
27、 D. has rebuilt ( )2.The letters for the boss_ on his desk but he didnt read them until three later. A. were put B. was put C. put D. has put ( )3 The manager was concerned to hear that two of his trusted workers _. A. will leave B. are leaving C. have left D. were leaving ( )4. Shakespeares play Ha
28、mlet _ into at least ten different films over the past years. A. had been made . B. was made C. has been made D. would be made ( )5. The goods _when we arrived at the airport. A. were just unloading B. were just been unloading C. had just unloaded D. were just being unloaded ( )6. A candidate for th
29、e democratic presidential nomination _at this moment. A. is interviewing B. being interviewed C. is being interviewed D. interviewing ( )7. - So what is the procedure? - All the applicants _ before a final decision is made by the authority. A. interview B. are interviewing C. are interviewed D. are
30、being interviewed ( )8.-Whats that noise? -Oh, I forgot to tell you. The new machine _. A. was tested B. will be tested C. is being tested D. has been tested ( )9.Rainforests_and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future. A. cut B. are cut C. are being cut D.
31、had been cut ( )10.The building _,but I cannot stand the noise. A. was being built B. is built C. is being built D. builds Keys:1. A 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. D 6. C 7. C 8. C 9. B 10. C 二阅读理解 (一) It was Monday. Mrs. Smiths dog was hungry, but there was not any meat in the house. Considering that there was
32、no better way, Mrs. Smith took a piece of paper, and wrote the following words on it, “Give my dog half a pound of meat.” Then she gave the paper to her dog and said gently, “Take this to the butcher(卖肉者), and hes going to give you your lunch today.” Holding the piece of paper in its mouth, the dog
33、ran to the butchers shop. It gave the paper to the butcher. The butcher read it carefully, recognized that it was really the ladys handwriting and presently did as he was asked to. The dog was very happy, and ate the meat up immediately. At midday, the dog came to the shop again. It gave the butcher
34、 a piece of paper again. After reading it, he gave it half a pound of meat once more. The next day, the dog came again exactly at midday. And as usual, it brought a piece of paper in the mouth. This time, the butcher did not take a look at the paper, and gave the dog its meat, for he had thought of
35、the dog as one of his customers. However, the dog came again at four oclock. And the same thing happened once again. To the butchers more surprise, it came for the third time at six oclock, and brought with it a third piece of paper. The butcher felt a bit puzzled. He said to himself, “This is a sma
36、ll dog. Why does Mrs. Smith give it so much meat to eat today?” Looking at the piece of paper, he found that there were not any words on it! ( )1.When Mrs. Smiths dog was hungry, what did she give to the dog? A. Some chicken. B. Half a pound of meat. C. A hot dog. D. A piece of paper with some words
37、 on it. ( )2.Mrs Smith treated her little dog quite _. A. rudely B. proudly C. friendly D. angrily ( )3. From its experience, the dog found that _. A. only the paper with Mrs. Smiths words on it could bring it meat B. a piece of paper could bring him half a pound of meat C. the butcher would give th
38、e meat to it whenever he saw it D. Mrs. Smith would pay for the meat it got from the butcher ( )4. At the end of the story, youll find that _. A. the dog was clever enough to write on the paper B. the butcher was told not to give any meat to the dog C. the dog dared not go to the butchers any more D
39、. the butcher found himself cheated by the smart animal Keys: 1.D 细节理解题。根据第二段的“Mrs Smith took a piece of paper, and wrote the following words on itThen she gave the paper to her dog”可知，史密斯夫人把一张写着一句话的纸给了她的 狗，故选 D 项。 2.C 细节理解题。 根据第二段的“Then she gave the paper to her dog and said gently”中的 gently 可知， 史密
40、斯夫人对她的小狗很友善，故选 C 项。 3.B 推理判断题。根据第五段的“for he had thought of the dog as one of his customers.”和最后一段 的“he found that there were not any words on it!”可知，卖肉的人从第三次开始就没有看纸上的字， 而是直接把肉给了小狗，后来，卖肉的人发现小狗送来的是白纸，说明小狗认为只要带一张纸，就 能得到一块肉，故选 B 项。 4.D 推理判断题。 根据“Looking at the piece of paper, he found that there were no
41、t any words on it!”可知， 小狗用没有写字的白纸骗过了卖肉的人，当看到空白的纸时，卖肉的人意识到自己上当了，故选 D 项。 (二) Energy goes from one plant or animal to another. A food chain shows how this energy moves. Each time an animal gets eaten, its energy is passed onto the animal that eats it. The food chain is very important because it keeps t
42、he balance of nature. If one part of the food chain disappears, it can affect all the other plants and animals. Any threat to the food chain is a threat to the environments biodiversity(生物多样性). The food chain helps keep animal populations in balance. However, if something happens to damage one of th
43、e links in the food chain, that balance is broken. If one animal becomes endangered, it puts all the animals above it at risk. Some of the threats are natural, such as wildfires, hurricanes, tornados, floods and so on. But the biggest threats to the food chain come from you and me. These threats inc
44、lude overfishing, logging, farming, development, pollution, etc. The food chain is endangered anywhere humans have had an effect on the natural environment. A recent study shows that the overfishing of large sharks is damaging the food chain along the US Atlantic coast. Canadian and American scienti
45、sts say sharks are being killed in great numbers for their meat and fins(鳍). Now, not enough sharks are around to eat the cownose ray. The rays population has increased and they have eaten up the shellfish to the point where it has hurt commercial(商业的) fishing. Many of us disturb the natural environ
46、ment in our own backyards. Its up to us to take care of the environment and try not to disrupt the natural food chain. If we dont act responsibly, animals will start disappearing. ( )5. What can we learn from Paragraph 1? A. The food chain is not easy to be broken. B. The energy of an animal usually
47、 disappears when it dies. C. Increasing the links will not break the balance of nature. D. Breaking the food chain is bad for the biodiversity of the environment. ( )6.The study mentioned in Paragraph 3 proves that _. A. human activities can be a big threat to the food chain B. we are all responsibl
48、e for the breaking of the food chain C. natural disasters are hard to break the food chain D. hunting large sharks for meat is beneficial ( )7.We can infer that the writer wrote this passage mainly to_. A. explain what the food chain is B. tell us something interesting about nature C. suggest that w
49、e stop eating meat to save animals D. suggest that we should not disrupt the natural food chain Keys: 5. D 段落大意题。根据“The food chain is very important because it keeps the balance ofAny threat to the food chain is a threat to the environments biodiversity(生物多样性)”可知，食物链的存在 对维持大自然的生态平衡和生物多样性有着重要的作用，如果食物
50、链遭到破坏，食物链上的所有动 植物都会受到影响，故选 D 项。 6. A 推理判断题。根据第二段的“The food chain is endangered anywhere humans have had an effect on the natural environment.”可知，人类的过度捕捞和过度砍伐等行为已经给食物链带来了很大的威胁。 第三段列举的是过度捕杀鲨鱼的例子，以此来说明人类活动对食物链产生的威胁，故选 A 项。 7. D 写作意图题。 文章主要讲的是食物链的重要作用和食物链面临的威胁。 根据最后一段的“Its up to us to take care of the e