1、 Unit 13 Were trying to save the earth! Words 1. _ v. 乱扔 n. 垃圾；废弃物 2. _ n. 底部；最下部 3. _ n. 渔民；钓鱼的人 4. _ n. 煤；煤块 5. _ adj. 丑陋的；难看的 6. _ n. 优点；有利条件 7. _ v. 花费 n. 花费；价钱 8. _ adj. 木制的；木头的 9. _ adj. 塑料的 n. 塑料；塑胶 10. _ adj. 残酷的；残忍的 11. _ adj. 有害的 12. _ n. 链条；链子 13. _ n. 生态系统 14. _ n. 工业 15. _ n. 法律；法规 16.
2、_ adj. 科学上的；科学的 17. _ v. 承担得起（后果） ；买得起 18. _ v. 回收利用；再利用 19. _ n. 大门 20. _ n. 瓶子 21. _ n. 负责人；总统;主席 22. _ n. 灵感；鼓舞人心的人(或事物) 23. _ n.（音乐，艺术）作品 24. _ n. 金属 25. _ n. 创造力；独创性 Phrases 1. _ 对有害 2. _ 在顶部或顶端 3. _ 食物链 4. _ 参加 5. _ 关掉 6. _ 付费；付出代价 7. _ 采取行动 8. _ 扔掉；抛弃 9. _ 好好利用 10. _ 拆下；摧毁 11. _ 恢复；使想起；归还 Sen
3、tences 1. Even the bottom of the river was full of rubbish. 即使河底都充满垃圾。 2. Everyone in this town should play a part in cleaning it up! 这个城里的每个人都应当尽 一份力把它清理干净! 3. To cut down air pollution, we should take the bus or subway instead of driving. 为了减少 空气污染，我们应当乘坐公共汽车或地铁而不是开车。 4. No scientific studies have
4、 shown that shark fins are good for health. 没有科学研究说明 鱼鳍对人们的健康有好处。 5. Can you tell me where theres a good place to eat? 你能告诉我这儿哪有好吃的吗？ Of course. What kind of food do you like? 当然可以，你喜欢什么样的食物？ Grammar Review of key structures 【答案】【答案】 words： 1. litter 2. bottom 3. fisherman 4. coal 5. ugly 6. advanta
5、ge 7. cost 8. wooden 9. plastic 10. cruel 11. harmful 12. chain 13. ecosystem 14. industry 15. law 16. scientific 17. afford 18. recycle 19. gate 20. bottle 21. president 22. inspiration 23. work 24. metal 25. creativity Phrases： 1. be harmful to 2. at the top of 3. the food chain 4. take part in 5.
6、 turn off 6. pay for 7. take action 8. throw away 9. put sth to good use 10. pull. down 11. bring back 课时课时 1 Section A 1. litter n. 垃圾垃圾 v. 乱扔乱扔 （1）litter 作名词相当于 rubbish，是不可数名词。 There is some litter in the park. 公园里有一些垃圾。 【易混辨析】【易混辨析】 litter 和 rubbish 都可指垃圾，用作不可数名词，但含义不同。 litter 指（在公共场所乱扔的）废弃物（尤指废纸
7、等杂物）。 Pick up your litter after a picnic. 野餐后将废弃物收拾好。 rubbish 指（不再想要或不需要的）废弃物或垃圾。 The room is full of rubbish. 房间里堆满了垃圾。 （2）litter 作动词用意为乱扔。 The floor was littered with papers. 地板上乱七八糟扔了许多报纸。 There is _ here and there. Please help me sweep it away. A. balls B. students C. people D. litter 【答案】D 2. c
8、ut down 削减；砍倒削减；砍倒 cut down 意为减少；是动词+副词结构的短语，其后接的宾语为名词时，宾语可位于 down 的前 面或后面，为代词时，只能位于 down 前面。 Car owners were asked to cut down travel. 车主们被要求减少出行。 Trees are helpful to us. Dont cut them down. 树对于我们有益处，不要砍伐它们。 【易混辨析】【易混辨析】 cut down 砍倒；减少 People cut down many trees so a lot of animals lose their home
9、s. 人们砍倒了很多 树，因此很多动物失去了它们的家。 cut off 切掉 The doctor had to cut off his arm to save his life. 为了挽救他的生命， 医生不得不 将他的胳膊截肢。 cut out 删除 You can cut out the unimportant details. 你可以删掉不重要的细节。 cut up 切碎 Cut up the meat, please. 请把肉切碎。 Jim, please help me _ the cooked meat. I want to make fried rice. OK, Mom. A.
10、 cut down B. cut up C. cut off D. cut out 【答案】B 3. cost v. & n. 花费花费 cost 作动词时，常用于 Sth cost(s) sb some money.这一句式中。作名词时，意为花费，价钱。 It must cost a good deal to live here. 住在这里一定要花很多钱。 In 1989 the price of coffee fell so low that in many countries it did not even cover the cost of production. 1989 年咖啡的价
11、格跌得那么低，以致在许多国家还抵不上其生产成本。 【易混辨析】【易混辨析】 take / spend / cost /pay take，spend，cost，pay 的用法都可以表示花费，但用法却不尽相同。 （1）spend 的主语必须是人，常用于以下结构： spend time / money on sth 在上花费时间（金钱） spend time / money (in) doing sth 花费时间（金钱）做某事 spend money for sth 花钱买 （2）cost 的主语是物或某种活动，还可以表示值，常见用法如下： sth costs (sb) 金钱 某物花了（某人）多少钱
12、 (doing) sth costs (sb)时间 某物（做某事）花了（某人）多少时间 温馨提示：cost 的过去式及过去分词都是 cost，并且不能用于被动语态。 （3）take 后面常跟双宾语，常见用法有以下几种： It takes sb时间to do sth 做某事花了某人多少时间 doing sth takes sb时间 做某事花了某人多少时间 （4）pay 的基本用法是： pay (sb) money for sth 付钱（给某人）买 pay for sth 付的钱 pay for sb 替某人付钱 pay sb 付钱给某人 pay money back 还钱 【巧学妙记】【巧学妙记
13、】 花费用法口诀 花费四词各家聚，认准人物谁主语； in，on 就跟 spend 去，for 在 pay 后不客气； cost 物前人后移，It takes. to do 在一起。 What a nice coat! How much did you _ for it? It _ me two hundred yuan. A. pay；cost B. pay；paid C. cost；pay D. cost；cost 【答案】A 【解析】句意：多么漂亮的一件外套啊！你多少钱买的？它花了我 200 元钱。pay for 意为支付， 为某物付钱；sth cost sb money 则意为某物花了某
14、人多少钱，根据句意可知选 A。学%科&网 4. not only .but also. 不但不但而且而且 not only .but also. 意为不但而且，其中 also 可以省略。not only.but also.是并列连词词 组，可连接相同的句子成分或并列成分。连接并列主语时，句子的谓语动词应与 but also 后的主语的人称和 数保持一致。 She not only plays tennis, but also plays badminton. 她不但打网球，而且还打羽毛球。 Not only Jim but also I am going to visit the Summer
15、 Palace. 吉姆还有我都打算去参观颐和园。 【易混辨析】【易混辨析】 其他表并列的词组其他表并列的词组 not.but.意为不是而是，否定前者，肯定后者。 either.or.意为或者或者，不是就是，可连接并列主语、谓语、表语或宾语等。当 其连接并列主语时，谓语动词要和最近的主语保持人称和数的一致。 both. and.意为和都，用来连接两个并列成分，比如连接两个主语、谓语或宾语等。当其 连接并列主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。 To achieve a bright future, we should _ study hard _ keep in good health. I agree
16、 with you. A. not；but B. not only；but also C. neither；nor D. either；or 【答案】B neither. nor.意为既不也不；either.or.意为或者或者。由句意可知选 B。 5. take part in 参加参加 take part in 中的 in 为介词，后接名词、代词或动词的- ing 形式。 I want to take part in your party。 我想参加你的聚会。 【易混辨析】【易混辨析】 take part in/join/join in/attend take part in 指参加会议或群
17、众性活动等， 重点说明句子 的主语参加该项活动，并在其中发挥作用。 When you take part in any performance, you get out as much as you put in. 你参加任何活 动，你投入多少力量就会得到多少收获。 join 指加入某个党派、 团体、 组织等， 如参军、 入团、入党等。 He joined the Army five years ago. 他 5 年前 参了军。 join in 指参加某种活动， 如游戏等， join in sth 意为参加某事。 I hope everyone will join in the fun. 我希
18、望 每个人都能参与这项娱乐活动。 attend 侧重参加或出席会议、学术活动、音乐会、 上课等，着重强调成为其中的听众或观众。 Hundreds of students attended the lecture given by the famous professor. 数百名学生 参加了这位著名教授的讲座。 The boys were playing football on the ground. Sandy didnt want to _ them. A. take part in B. join C. join in D. attend 【答案】B 【解析】 句意： 操场上那些男孩们正
19、在打篮球， Sandy 不想加入他们。 take part in 常指参加大型比赛或活动； join 指加入党派、团体等；join in 指参加某种活动，如游戏等；attend 侧重参加或出席会议、学术活动、 音乐会、上课等。根据句意可知选 B。 6. Everyone in this town should play a part in cleaning it up! play a part in.的意思是在起作用，相当于 play a role in.。 Listening plays an important part in learning English. 听力在学习英语中起重要作用
20、。 7. There are other advantages of bike riding. advantage 的意思是优点；有利条件，反义词是 disadvantage，意思是缺点，不利条件。 【归纳拓展】【归纳拓展】(1)have the advantage of 胜过。 I have the advantage of him in running. 我在跑步方面条件比他优越。 (2)to ones advantage 对某人有利的。 To her advantage, her voice is very sweet. 对她有利的是，她的声音非常甜美。 8. Its good for
21、health and it doesnt cost anything! 【易混辨析】【易混辨析】 spend, take, pay, cost spend 的主语为人 spend(in)doing sth.做某事花费时 间、金钱；spendon sth.在花 费时间、金钱。 I usually spend an hour(in)reading English every morning.每天早上我 通常花 1 小时时间读英语。 take 的主语为形式主语 it It takes sb.some time /money to do sth.某人花费一些时间(金钱)去干 某事。 It takes
22、me five minutes to go to school by bus.我上学乘公共汽车需 要花费 5 分钟。 pay 的主语为人 sb.+pay(+sb.)+some money+for sth. 某人为某物花费(某人的)金钱。 I have paid much money for the computer.我买这台电脑花了很多 钱。 cost 的主语为物 sth.cost sb.some money 某物花了某 人多少钱。 The watch cost me 120 yuan.我花了 120 元买了这块手表。 9. So together, our actions can make
23、a difference and lead to a better future! make a difference 的意思是有重大的影响；lead to 的意思是导致，引导。 All roads lead to Rome. 条条大路通罗马。 10. If their numbers drop too low, it will bring danger to all ocean life. if 引导的是条件状语从句，谓语动词使用一般现在时表示将来，主句使用一般将来时。 If it doesnt rain tomorrow, we will go fishing. 如果明天不下雨，我们就去钓
24、鱼。 11. So far, no scientific studies have shown that shark fins are good for health, so why eat them? so far 的意思是到目前为止，主句时态使用现在完成时。 So far, we have learned English for six years. 到目前为止，我们已经学习英语六年了。 句中 that 引导的是宾语从句，作动词 shown 的宾语。be good for 的意思是对有好处。 Study shows that doing exercise every day is good
25、 for our health. 研究显示， 每天锻炼对我们的健康有好处。 12. Yes, we cant afford to wait any longer to take action! afford 意为承担得起(后果)；买得起，afford sth.表示承受得起某物，afford to do sth.表示有能 力做，负担得起。 I dont have enough money. I cant afford the new house.我没有足够的钱。我买不起新房子。 13. Its difficult for parents with young children to use pu
26、blic transportation 本句采用了 It is+adj.+for /of sb.to do sth.结构，It 作形式主语,动词不定式作句子的真实主语。 【易错提醒】【易错提醒】当形容词修饰动词不定式的内容时，使用介词 for；当形容词修饰 sb.时，使用介词 of。 Its very important for us to study hard. 对我们来说努力学习非常重要。 Its kind of you to help me with my English. 你太好了，帮助我学习英语。 I. 单词拼写单词拼写 1. The lady is not beautiful at
27、 all. In fact, she is very u_. 2. The new bike will c_me five hundred yuan. Its a little expensive for me. 3. If you break the l_, you may be put into prison. 4. Thats too expensive for me. I dont think I can a_it. 5. If you can speak English well, you will have one more a_when you apply for the job
28、. II. 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空用括号中所给词的适当形式填空 1. Many animals may _ (appear) one day if we dont protect them well. K 基础基础 2. If the number of one kind animal drop too low, it will bring _ (dangerous) to the whole ecosystem. 3. _ (recycle) paper is very easy. 4. Mr Green rides a bike to work instead of _ (drive
29、) his car now. 5. While you _ (wash) your face, youd better turn off the lap. III. 根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词 1. 他们正设法为他们的新公司筹款。 Theyre _ _ _ money for their new company. 2. 大峡谷约 466 公里长。 The Grand Canyon is about 466 _ _. 3. 如今的生活比以前舒适多了。 Life is much easier than _ _ _ _. 4. 在父亲久病期间，她一直照料着他。 Sh
30、e _ _ her father all through his long illness. 5. 据报道，我市将建一座新的动物园。 _ _ _ _ a new zoo will be built in our city. IV. 用方框中所给词组的适用方框中所给词组的适当形式填空。当形式填空。 turn off, take part in, pay for, so far, be good for 1. Dont forget to _ the lights when leaving the room. 2. Riding a bike _ our health. 3. We have le
31、arned thirteen units _. 4. How much did you _ your dictionary yesterday? 5. Have you ever _ an environmental project? V. 翻译句子。翻译句子。 1. 健康的食物改善了她的健康状况。(make a difference) _ 2. 这些塑料袋里装满了垃圾。(be full of) _ 3. 方法在学习中起到了重要的作用。(play an important part in) _ 4. 我们上周玩纸牌了而不是看电视。(instead of) _ 5. 星期天他们常常骑自行车旅行。
32、(go bike riding) _ I. 完形填空完形填空 Everyone should do something to protect the environment. How did we help to save our earth this week? Let me tell you. First, my family try to save 1 . We never left the lights on when leaving the rooms. We turn off the TV when 2 is watching it. Mom only uses cold wate
33、r in the washing machine. Second, we also start recycling this week. We 3 to write on both sides of the paper, not just on one side. We also 4 our rubbish into different bags for bottles, cans, paper and food. Mom keeps the plastic shopping bags from the supermarket to use them again as rubbish bags
34、. These are great 5 to help our environment. Third, my family also save water. We never take long baths and have short showers 6 . We wash the toilet with used water. My sister and I dont 7 the tap running when we brushed our teeth. At last, Mom and Dad begin to save gas. Mom 8 to drive us to school
35、, but now my sister and I start riding our bikes to school. Its hard work 9 good exercise! This week Dad and his workmates also start to go to work together in one 10 and share the cost. This also help reduce greenhouse gases. These are great ways to help protect our environment. 1. A. oil B. food C
36、. water D. electricity 2. A. everybody B. somebody C. anybody D. nobody 3. A. try B. keep C. refuse D. want 4. A. buy B. check C. divide D. change 5. A. ways B. news C. information D. advice 6. A. already B. instead C. again D. too 7. A. leave B. leaves C. leaving D. left 8. A. began B. hoped C. nee
37、ded D. used 9. A. or B. for C. but D. and 10. A. bus B. car C. subway D. train II. 任务型阅读任务型阅读 K 能力能力 To make more people know it is important to save the Earth and make more people take action, people celebrate Earth Day. The first Earth Day was in 1970. And now, 192 countries celebrate Earth Day. E
38、arth Day is on April 22nd, But saving the Earth is not just for grown- ups. Kids are also taking an active part in it. The American writer and filmmaker Lynne made a film called Young Voice for the Planet. It lists a lot of stories about different children who help to save the Earth. Team Marine, US
39、: A group of students at Santa Monica High School started an organization(组织) called Team Marine. They tell people why plastic(塑料) bags are bad for sea animals and the environment(环境). In 2011, they made lawmakers (立法者）in their city stop people using plastic bags. Alee, US: When he was 12. Alee star
40、ted Kids VS Global Warming(全球变暖）. It teaches people about weather change. He shares ways to stop the world getting warmer and warmer. Alee travels to encourage people to help stop global warming. He has given more than 70 talks across the country. Olivia, US: When Olivia was 11, she heard about the
41、2010 oil spill(漏油) in gulf of Mexico(墨西哥湾). She painted 500 pictures of birds to raise money for the clean- up. She raised more than $200,000 to protect birds and other wild animals. Earth Day Date On April 22nd Purpose(目的) To make people understand the 1._ of saving the Earth and take action. Diffe
42、rent 2. _ to save the Earth Team Marine A group of students 3._ it. They made lawmakers stop people using plastic bags. Alee He started Kids VS Global Warming to teach people about weather change and share ways to stop global warming. He 4._ a lot and give many talks. Olivia She painted to raise mon
43、ey. She uses the money to protect birds and other 5._. III. 阅读理解。阅读理解。 A It was a great pleasure for the family to move to a house with a very big garden. Betty and Tony could climb up trees, grow flowers and even play badminton. They liked to watch the birds flying among the trees in the garden. They even started to put food out to attract more birds. Everything was fine for a few days until one afternoon there was a stran