1、 六年级上学期知识点六年级上学期知识点 【重点语法】 一、一般过去时一般过去时 （一）时态含义：表示过去某个时间发生的动作。 （二）时态标志： yesterday 昨天, last week/year上周/去年(last 上一个)， just now 刚才，this morning/ afternoon，ago 等 四种时间状语 yesterday 及相关短语。 例如：yesterday morning/afternoon/evening 昨天上午/下午/晚上。 “last+ 时间状语”构成的短语。 例如：last night/month/spring/year 昨晚/上个月/去年春天/去年。
2、 “一段时间+ago”组成的短语。 例如：three days ago 三天以前 four years ago 四年以前。 “介词+ 时间名词”组成的短语。 例如：in 1999 在 1999 年；on the morning of December 25th 在 12 月 25 号早上。 （三）动词过去式 动词在过去时态中，要由原形变化成为过去式，其变化规则为以下几种 (1) be 动词 am / is-was are-were (2) 直接在动词后面加 ed laugh-laughed point-pointed (3) 以不发音的 e 结尾的加 d like-liked live-liv
3、ed (4) 以辅音+y 结尾的 try-tried cry-cried 要去掉 y 改成 i 加 ed carry-carried (5) 有些动词要双写最后一个字母，再加 ed stopstopped jogjogged (6)不规则变化 (为过去时态中变化的难点，也是考试的重点) 原形 过去式 原形 过去式 原形 过去式 do did go went say said tell told can could get got have had give gave see saw become became fly flew bring brought eat ate take took f
4、ind found lose lost stop stopped sing sang make made run ran swim swam hold held come came catch caught wear wore read read draw drew write wrote buy bought mean meant drink drank smell smelt keep kept put put throw threw slip slipped feel felt cut cut drive drove （四）结构： 1. 肯定句：主语+动词过去式 2. 一般疑问句： （
5、1 ） 句中含有 be 动词，之间将 be 动词提到句首， Was/Were +主语+？ Yes,was/ were. / No, wasnt/werent. （ 2 ） 句中无 be 动词，在句首加 Did，动词变原形， Did +主语+动词原形？Yes,did. / No, didnt. 3. 否定句的修改方法 （ 1 ） 句中含有 be 动词，直接在 be 动词后面加 not，主语+wasnt/werent （ 2 ） 句中无 be 动词，在动词前加 didnt，动词变原形，主语+ didnt+动词原形 4. 特殊疑问句： What did+主语+do? 二、二、关于天气的主要句型关于天
6、气的主要句型 （一）询问天气情况的问句主要有以下两种： （1） What is(was) the weather like .? （2） How is(was) the weather .? （二）回答天气的答句主要有以下两种： （1） It is(was) sunny / cloudy/ windy/ rainy/ snowy/ foggy. （2） It is(was) a sunny / cloudy / windy/ rainy/ snowy/ foggy day. 三、三、 rain，rainy 的用法的用法 （1） There is a lot of rain in spring.
7、 (不可数名词，雨水) （2） It often rains in spring. （动词，下雨，一般现在时） It rained yesterday. （动词，下雨，一般过去时） It is raining now. （动词，下雨，现在进行时） （3） It is rainy today. （形容词，多雨的） It was rainy two days ago. （形容词，多雨的） 四、情态动词四、情态动词 can/could 1 . 情态动词 can+动词原形 2 . 一般过去时情态动词的句型转换： (1) could 引导的一般过去时的否定句，在 could 之后加 not：could
8、not=couldnt Six years ago, I could write.(否定句) Six years ago, I couldnt write. (2) could 引导的一般过去时的一般问句，将 could 调至句首： Mike could read and draw.(一般问句) Could Mike read or draw? (3) could 引导的特殊问句：特殊疑问句+could 引导的一般问句： They could ride a bike.(对画线部分提问) What could they do？ 五、复习一般现在时与现在进行时五、复习一般现在时与现在进行时 （一）
9、一般现在时：表示事情或动作经常发生。 常见时间标志： always, usually, often, sometimes, on Sundays, every 时态结构：（1）当主语是第三人称单数时，动词+s/es/特殊形式。 （2）当主语是非第三人称单数时，动词用原形。 例句：What do you usually do ? I usually watch TV. 你经常做什么？ 我经常看电视。 Does she do her homework after school? Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt. 她放学后做家庭作业吗？ 是的。/ 不是。 We don
10、t play football in the classroom. 我们不在教室里踢足球。 （二）现在进行时：表示事情或动作正在发生。 常见时间标志：now, look , Listen! Its(时间) 时态结构： 主语+be 动词+动词 ing 例句： What are you doing? I am playing basketball. 你正在做什么？我正在打篮球。 Are you cooking fish? Yes, I am. / No, Im not. 你正在做鱼吗？是的。/不是 They arent talking about weekends. 他们没有在讨论周末。 【小语言
11、知识点】 1. laugh 动词，大笑 laugh at sb. 嘲笑某人 2. wear 穿着（主要表示状态） put on 穿上（主要表示动作） Look! The king isnt wearing any clothes. 看！国王什么衣服也没有穿。 Put on your coat! Its cold outside. 穿上你的外套！外面很冷。 3. get 得到（过去式 got） , get from 从 得到 I got a card from my good friend Mark.我从我的好朋友马克那里得到一张卡片。 get 连系动词，“变成，变得”，后面跟形容词，表示进入或
12、变成某种状态。 get angry 生气 Its getting cold.变冷了。 4. each 每个，后面接单数 each student 每个学生 5. turn 机会 It is ones turn.某人的机会到了/轮到某人了。 Its my turn.轮到我了。 Its our turn.轮到我们了。 （ones 必须是物主代词或名词所有格，即“某人的”） 6. look after 照看，照顾 （后接宾格） My grandma was sick. I should look after her.我奶奶生病了，我应该照顾她。 7. turn into 变成 The lion tu
13、rned into a prince.狮子变成了一位王子。 8. to 后面接动词原形： time to +动词原形， “该干什么” want to +动词原形， “想干什么” would like to +动词原形， “想干什么” have to +动词原形， “不得不干什么” try to +动词原形， “尝试做什么” 9. 与天气有关的名词后加-y, 可变成形容词 sun -sunny 晴朗的 cloud - cloudy 多云的 wind - windy 有风的 rain -rainy 下雨的 fog - foggy 有雾的 snow -snowy 有雪的 10. make sth.
14、for sb. 为某人做某物 11. show sb. sth.= show sth. to sb. 展示给某人看某物 12. try on 试穿 try on the coat=try the coat on try it/them on 13. go+动名词（动词 ing 形式），表示加入一项娱乐或体育活动 go fishing / go boating / go swimming. 14. give sb. sth.=give sth. to sb. I want to give you the fish.=I want to give the fish to you. 15. exci
15、ted 形容词，感到兴奋的，形容“人” exciting 形容词，令人兴奋的，形容“物” be excited about 对感到兴奋 be excited to do sth. 做某事很兴奋 16. ask sb. about sth. 询问某人关于某事 ask about 打听/询问某事 Tina asks Bobby about Sam. Tina asks about the show. 17. like + 名词复数 like dogs like + 动词 ing 形式 like watching films 18. Its time for + 名词。 Its time for b
16、ed. Its time to + 动 词 。 Its time to go to bed. 19. let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 let 后面跟代词的宾格 lets=let us 20. come back to come back to +地点 注意：come back home 里面没有 to 21. make friends with sb 与某人交朋友 注意：friends 在这里是复数形式。 22. buy sth. from . 从买东西 buy sb. sth.=buy sth. for sb. 23. write a letter/ an e-mail to
17、sb. 24. go on 继续下去 The party went on until midnight. 25. 同义句： (1) He also writes emails.= He writes emails too. (2) What day is today?=What day is it today? 【语音】 1. 字母 ar 的发音 /:/ 与汉语“啊”相似 car, star, park, market, March, card, farm, garden, large, party, arm, card, hard 2. 字母组合 ear 的发音： （1） ear / I /
18、 : ear(耳朵) dear(亲爱的) year(年) near(在附近), clear(清楚的) fear(害怕) hear(听到/听说) （2） ear / e / : bear( 熊) pear(梨) wear(穿戴) 3. 语音语调 英语语调分为升调和降调。一般疑问句用升调，降调一般用在陈述句、祈使句、特殊疑问句等句式中。 4. 字母 er 的发音：/ teacher farmer sister brother winter summer mother father worker 练习卷练习卷 一、单选题。 ( )1. Long long ago, there was an old
19、man. He in a house. A. live B. lives C. lived ( )2. Its turn. A. Tom B. Toms C. Toms ( )3. The girl is looking after . A. him B. his C. he ( )4. There many houses on the mountain two years ago. A. are B. was C. were ( )5. Look, the students are an English party. A. having B. has C. have ( )6. My bro
20、ther usually up at six in the morning, but he up at seven this morning. He was late for school. A. gets; got B. got ; gets C. gets; gets ( )7 . The children very happy in the garden last night. A. looks B. were C. are D. was ( )8. What ? He his model plane. A. happens, lost B. is happening, is losin
21、g C. happened, loses D. happened, lost ( ) 9. Sam know why. A. wanted B. wants to C. want to D. want ( ) 10. It was in the morning. But it in the afternoon. A. sunny, rainy B. sunny, rained C .rainy, sunny D. rained, sunny ( ) 11. It just now. A. is, rainy B. was, rained C. was, rainy D. is, rain (
22、) 12. Were there black in the sky? A.some, cloudy B. any, clouds C. some, clouds D. any, cloud ( )13. was your holiday ? It was very interesting . A. What B. Where C. Why D. How ( )14. Tims mother angry because Tim homework yesterday. A. is, isnt doing B. did, didnt do C. was, didnt do D. is , doesn
23、t do ( )15. did you last week? I visited my grandmother. A. Where, do B. Where, go C. What, do D. What, go ( )16. Helen very excited the party. A. is, for B. was, about C. is, in D. was, for ( )17. you bring any food there?Yes, I brought . A.Did, a lot of B. Do, a lot C. Did, many D. Did, a lot ( )1
24、8. His sister five years ago. A. couldnt wrote B. couldnt write C. cant write ( )19. Can you make a sentence “nice”? A. in B. to C. with ( )20. I kites in the park my friends last Sunday. A. fly, with B. am flying, and C. flew, with 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. It was . There was a lot of (rain). 2. It was .
25、There were black (cloud) in the sky. 3. Children (go) to the park by bike this Sunday. 4. We (see) some bees flying in the flowers just now. 5. He (look) sad, because he (lose) a new pen. 6. Su Yang a kite to the park last Saturday. (take) 7. Shall we our English lesson? (start) 8. He usually emails
26、 in the evenings. (write) 9. My mother likes newspapers for news in the morning. (read) 10. Jack at school last Friday? (be) 11. Last week, I (buy) a new bike. 12. Mike, where (be) your toy lion? I ( give ) it to Bob this afternoon. 13. My father (drink) a lot of wine(酒) just now . 14. Jim (like) (r
27、ead). Look! He (read) an English magazine. 15. you (finish) your homework yesterday? 16. I_ (not like) to eat it at first, but now I like it very much. 17. He a model plane yesterday. (make) 18. Id like basketball with my friends. (play) 19. My mother to music every evening. (listen) 20. Nancy and M
28、ike TV now. (watch) 三、按要求改写句子。 1. I lost my new kite. (改为否定句) 2. She saw many interesting things in Shanghai. (改为一般疑问句) 3. I went to the Great Wall for the holiday. (对划线部分提问) 4. The king is very happy today. （把 today 改成 two days ago） two days ago. 5. Its Sunday.（对划线部分提问） is it today? 6. Miss Li got
29、angry in class. (改为一般疑问句) Miss Li angry in class? 7. He could do shopping on the Internet. (改为否定句) He shopping on the Internet. 8. I bought some new books yesterday. (改为否定句) I new books yesterday. 参考答案： 一、CBACA ABDBB CBDCC BCBCC 二、1.rainy,rain 2.cloudy,clouds 3.went 4.saw 5.looks,lost 6.took 7.start
30、 8.writes 9.reading 10.Was 11.bought 12.is,gave 13.drank 14.likes reading,is reading 15.Did finish 16.didnt like 17.made 18.to play 19.listens 20.are watching 三、 1.I didnt lose my new kite. 2. Did she see many interesting things in Shanghai? 3.Where did you go for the holiday? 4.The king was very happy 5.What day 6.Did get 7.couldnt do 8.didnt buy any