1、高考英语七选五闯关技巧高考英语七选五闯关技巧 一、 阅读理解七选五要求从短文后的七个选项中（均为完整的句子）选出五个能填入文章空白处的最 佳选项， 主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握， 体现了 新课标 用英语获取、 处理和运用信息的能力； 逐步获取用英语思维的能力。 的阅读学习和教学理念。 从 考 试说明 对该题型命题目的的表述可以得出以下判断： 该题备选项可分为主旨概括句 （文章整体内容） 、 过渡性句子（文章结构）和注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）三类。其多余的两个干扰项也往往从这三 方面进行设置， 例如主旨概括句或过于宽泛或以偏概全或偏离主题，过渡性句子不能反映
2、文章的行文 结构，注释性句子与上文脱节等。文章体裁以指导性说明文为主，间或考查记叙文和议论文。语篇模 式较为固定：提出问题提供解决方案。文章题材较为固定：与学生的日常生活学习紧密相关。 二、 （一）解题步骤：在高考的现场如果考生用大量的时间来彻底读懂文章的意思其实是不现实的， 也是没有必要的，我们可以抓住重复词、线索词或是根据段落主题句意思的拓展以及掌握基本的过渡 性结构、 阐述性结构和概括性结构等基本就能锁定答案，同时还要求考生整合各段大意并理清之间的 逻辑关系。具体尝试以下六步走。 1.先读文章的开始部分，明确文章的基本话题，然后仔细阅读五个空各自的前后句寻找并画出关键词关键词 / /线索
3、词线索词（同义词、反义词、同畴词、代词、同词复现、特殊疑问词、连词、标点同义词、反义词、同畴词、代词、同词复现、特殊疑问词、连词、标点/ /标题）标题） 。 2.选标题（和其他小标题的句式一致。比方说，其他小标题是祈使句，要选的标题也是祈使句，这样 就缩小了选择范围。 ）一旦确定一个选项，就要在该选项上做出标记（例如可以删掉） ，以避免干扰和 分散注意力。 3.选段首句（通常是该段的主题句，通过分析段落中心和一些共有的关键词就可判断。 ） 4. 选段中句：注重空前空后的句子，这些句子与句子之间必然有一种联系，可以通过选项中某个名 词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间的关系
4、，从而选出正确答案。 （也 可以从关联词作为切入点， 通常英语的句段之间经常会运用关联词表示过渡和衔接，让文章的思路 更清楚、 逻辑更连贯，因此文章中和选项中表示各种逻辑关系的路标性信号词在选择答案时都是很重 要的线索。在做题时可将三个层面（意思、词汇、关联词）的线索很好地结合起来。例如，在看到表 闯关技巧闯关技巧 示并列或递进关系的关联词时，一般表示前后句子的名词或句意具有同指性;而表示转折让步关系的 词则往往表示前后句子的名词同指，但句意对立，或褒贬对立或肯否对立；而表示例证关系的词则意 味着在举例之前或之后有表述概念或某一观点的句子，往往会有复数名词出现。以下四类为常用的关 联词，请大家
5、一定要背熟： （i） 并列与递进： and, or, also， neithernor., eitheror, likewise, similarly, equally, in the same way, that is to say ,as well as, the same as, besides, additionally, furthermore, moreover, in addition to ,what is more （ii） 因果： because, for, since, as, thus, hence, therefore, so, so that, consequent
6、ly, accordingly, due to, thanks to, as a result, because of, in that, for this reason, of course （iii）转折让步：but, however, yet, on the contrary, by contrast, on the other hand, unfortunately, while, still, whereas, unlike, rather than, instead of, it is true that, of course, although, though, even tho
7、ugh, even if, nevertheless, despite, in spite of （ii）时间顺序：afterwards, at first, at last, finally, first, firstly, in the first place, to start with，in the meantime, last, later, next, second, secondly, then, third, thirdly, to begin with 以及一些具体的时间。 5. 选段尾句（对全文或段落的总结，有时也会引出下一段落的主题的作用） （i）空白前的一句或两 句是重
8、点语句，重点阅读以锁定关键词。 （ii）通常是结论、概括性语句。要注意表示总结的信号 词，如 therefore, as a result, hence, thus, to sum up, to conclude, in short, in a word 等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。 （iii）与前文是转折或对比关系。此时要注意在选项中 查找表示转折、对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关 系。 （iv）与前文是并列或排比关系。在这种情况下，通常是该段落要求补全说明本段主题的其他 细节，因此 根据段落一致性原则，在原文和选项中找到相关的线索词，通常
9、在选项中会出现表示并 列/递进关系 的关联词或与前文类似的句式结构，或出现同义词等其他信号线索。前面的一句与正确 答案的第一句是紧密相连的。要特别注意阅读这样相连的两句，通常会找到关键的线索词句。 （v）所 选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头是否 有一定的衔接。认真阅读下一段开头几句，看是否与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来。 （vi）如果第一 段的段尾是空白，要认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题。通常文章第一段要提出文章的主 题，如果 在段尾提出主题，会用一些信号词如转折词引出来，正确答案中应有这样的线索词。 6.做完后，通读全文。将所选项放入空白处，
10、通读一遍，看看是否与上下文构成语义及逻辑上的直接 关系，是否符合该处语境。能否承接前后的写作线索。使文章无论内容还是衔接上都能做到通顺。若 代入选项后，发现文章写作线索中断或是前后矛盾，应更换其它选项。同时，我们还应注意对相近选 项的对比分析， 个别干扰项由于与某个正确选项的内容相近具有很强的干扰性，这时就需要我们认真 分析，仔细甄别，排除干扰，从而得出正确选项。 【总结】总结】 主旨大意把握好，读懂选项更重要 关键信息相匹配，核查排除不可少 经验一：前瞻后顾，寻找线索词，回到选择项中筛选。 经验二：浓缩句意，意义匹配，整体把握。 经验三：以段落为单位梳理文章脉络，留意文章的起承转合，逻辑及结
11、构。 经验四：7 选 5句子选择题正确选择项排列有一条不成文规律：选择项呈锯齿顺序排列，按 照人们习惯，看了 A 就接着看 B，接着看 C，依此到 G，而我们一般做题的正确答案都是参差不齐， 错落有致的，看了 D 之后不看 E 却看 A，看了 E 之后不看 F 而看 C。这可能是出题者为了干扰我们 常规思维而设置的障碍，因此如果考试时间允许，我们可以拿这个来初步检验我们最后的答案是否 正确。 【典例】 Mini-practice 1. _, so get help. A. Whatever the presentation, public speaking is tough B. You al
12、ready do lots of things well C. You arent like anybody else 2. Set a time for “lights out” on school nights. This should never be any later than 10 pm and preferably 9 pm. _. Soft music can be on and used to help calm your teen. A. Whats worse, they may even fall asleep in class. B. Taking a bath an
13、d reading are two activities that work well. C. “Lights out” means the computer, television lights and cell phone should be off. 3. Before you start writing, youll need to plan your plot. The plot needs a beginning, middle, and an end. _. The middle is where most of the action happens, and your char
14、acter is in trouble. The end is where the problem is solves and the story ends. A. The beginning is where you introduce main characters. B. Decide if youll be telling ghost stories inside or outside. C. And it should be exciting as well as terrifying. 4. Workplace stress is on the rise. _ These incl
15、ude disease, depression and even death. We all seem to be running from one place to the next, never finding out where we want to go in the first place. A. With it come many health problems. B. When you finally get home youll be greatly refreshed. C. I challenge each one of you to do the same. 5. Eat
16、 a variety of foods. You may have a favorite food, but the best choice is to eat a variety. _. Taste new foods and old ones you havent tried for a while. A. Drink water and milk. B. If you eat different foods, youre more likely to get the nutrients your body needs. C. Eating too much can make you fe
17、el uncomfortable. 6. Bollywood is the Indian film industry, based in Mumbai, formerly known as Bombay. _Yet Bollywood is the largest producer of films in the world. A. Bollywood has gradually won its reputation on the world stage. B. Most Chinese school kids probably never seen an Indian film. C. Bo
18、llywood pays great attention to traditional values. 7. Try taking these four steps the next time you are stressed: (1)Get support. When you need help, reach out to the people who care about you. Talk to trusted adult, such as a parent or other relatives. _ They might have had similar problems, such
19、as dealing with a test, or the death of a beloved pet. A. Ah, it feels so good when the stress is gone. B. You need to figure out what the problem is. C. And dont forget about your friends. 8. A great life is the result of your best effort. Creating a great life requires that you make some adjustmen
20、ts. _ It may mean looking for new ways to spend your energy that coincide with your particular definition of a great life. Life will reward your best effort. A. If you adjust yourself quickly, youll adapt to the new environment better. B. It means focusing on simplifying your work. C. It may mean re
21、-evaluating how you spend your time, or choosing to spend your money in a different way. Building Trust in a Relationship AgainBuilding Trust in a Relationship Again Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences, 36 Trust is a risk. But you cant be successful when theres a lack of t
22、rust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.21cnjycom Unfortunately, weve all been victims of betrayal. Whether weve been stolen from, lied to , misled, or cheated on, there are different levels of losing trust. Sometimes people s
23、imply cant trust anymore, 37 Its understandable, but if youre willing to build trust in a relationship again, we have some steps you can take to get you there. 38 having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being. 3
24、9 If youve been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance. But theres a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”. At some point in all of our lives, well have our trust tested or violated. You didnt lose “everything”. Once trust is lost, what is left? Instead of
25、 looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life. 40 instead, its a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness. A. Learn to really trust yourself. B. It is putting
26、confidence in someone. C. Stop regarding yourself as the victim. D. Remember that you can expect the best in return.【来源：21cnj*y. E. Theyve been too badly hurt and they cant bear to let it happen again. F. This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships. G. Seeing the
27、positive side of things doesnt mean youre ignoring what happened. 【文章大意】文章主要讲述了人们一旦失去了信任，如何再次建立信任。 36.B 【解析】根据前一句 Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences 信任是我们从以往经历中获得的学习行为。选项 B 中的 it 代指上文刚出现的 trust。故选 B。 37.E 【解析】根据前句 Sometimes people simply cant trust anymore.可知他们受到严重的伤 害且不能
28、忍受再次发生。可知选 E。21 世纪教育网版权所有 38.A 【解析】根据后句 having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.可知此段主要讲述要 学会信任自己。可知选 A。 【来源：21世纪教育网】 39.C 【解析】根据后句 If youve been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance. 可知此段主要讲述不
29、要认为自己是受害者。故选 C。21 教育名师原创作品 【名师点睛】 本篇阅读填空题文章为总分式结构，难度总体适中。第 36 题主要考查顺承上文，第 37 题考查前 面句的因果关系，第 38、39 题考查总分关系，第 40 题考查转折关系。考生解题时一定首先理解文章 大意，然后在做题时分析前后句之间的关系，最后要将所选的答案带回原文当中阅读，最终才能选择 正确答案。 考场练兵考场练兵 (2020 年浙江省 1 月高考）第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2 分,满分 10 分) 根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项. 选项中有两项为多余选项. lets take a minute
30、to think about the water we use. The human body is 60% water and we need to drink lots of water to be healthy. When we are thirsty we just go to the kitchen and fill a glass with clean water. 31 For example, farmers, who produce the food we eat, use water to make the plants grow. When we turn on a l
31、ight or switch on a TV or a computer we use energy and we need water to produce this energy. The truth is that we are lucky enough to have clean water whenever we want, but this is not the case for many people around the world. 32 Thats around one in 10 people in the world. If we drink dirty water,
32、we can catch diseases from the bacteria and become ill. Every year over 500,000 children die from diarrhoea(腹泻) from dirty water. Thats around 1,400 children every day! Also, in some countries children walk many kilometres every day to get water. 33 Therefore, they dont have time to learn how to rea
33、d or write and dont get an education. 34 On this day every year, countries around the world hold events to educate people about the problems of dirty water and that clean water is something that everyone should have around the world. At one school in the UK, children between the ages of 10 and 15 wa
34、lk 6km with six litres of water. 35 People give them money to do this and all the money helps get clean water to as many people as possible around the world. A.We use water indirectly too. B.Every system in our body depends on water to function. C.It is to inspire people to learn more about water-re
35、lated problems. D.If children walk many hours a day to get water, they cant go to school. E.Did you know that around 750 million people do not have clean water to drink? F.In 1993 the United Nations decided that March 22nd is the World Day for Water. G.In this way, they know how it feels to walk a l
36、ong distance carrying heavy bottles. 2-1-c-)( 2020年全国高考卷三） A housewarming party is a special party to be held when someone buys or moves into a new apartment or house. The person who bought the house or moved is the one who throws the party. The party is a chance for friends and family to congratula
37、te the person on the new home. 36 And it is good time to fill the new space with love and hopefully presents. 37 Some people register a list of things they want or need for their new home at a local or store or stores. Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like
38、knives and things like curtains. Even if there isnt a registry, a good housewarming gift is something to decorate the new house with, like a piece of art or a plant. 38 This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isnt a lot of food served. There are usually no planned activities like gam
39、es at a housewarming party. The host or hostess of the party will, however, probably give all the guests a tour of their new home. Sometimes, because a housewarming party happens shortly after a person moves into their new home, people may be asked to help unpack boxes. 39 Housewarming parties get t
40、heir name from the fact that a long time ago people would actually bring firewood to a new home as a gift. 40 Now most homes have central heating and dont use fires to keep warm. A. This isnt usual though. B. It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party. C. You can also bring food or dr
41、inks to share with the other guests. D. If youre lucky enough to receive gifts, keep them in a safe place. E. It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like. F. The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together. G. This was so that the person could keep their hom
42、e warm for the winter. n-j-y (2020(2020 年全国高考一卷）年全国高考一卷）A Few Tips for Self-Acceptance We all want it to accept and love ourselves. But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach. 36 Heres a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction. 37 Do not follow the people who make
43、you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow them? Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs? Know that your life is your own; you are the only you in this world. Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our shortco
44、mings, our mistakes and our failures. 38 You will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in how you could have done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate (有同情心) response? That didnt go as planned. But, I tried my best. Recognize all of your strengths. Write them d
45、own in a journal. Begin to train your brain to look at strength before weakness. List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today. 39 Now that youve listed your strengths, list your imperfections. Turn the page in your journal. Put i
46、nto words why you feel unworthy, why you dont feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself. 40 Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are? A. Feeling upset again? B. Where do you start? C. Nothing is too small to celebrate. D. Remem
47、ber, you are only human. E Set an intention for self-acceptance. F. Stop comparing yourself with others. G. When does the comparison game start? （2020年全国高考卷二）年全国高考卷二）Emoji (表情符号表情符号) and Workplace Communication In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions,
48、 both at work and play. _36_. Its been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work. Written communications can often read as cold and dull. Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear. _37_, encouraging better and more frequent communication. In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common ground in communication style can be a challenge. _38_. While the younger generations prefer to communicate visually, for those used to working with