1、 常考考点：常考考点： 1）It/They 的指代； 2）This/That/Those/These 的指代。 （2020全国 III 卷） A housewarming party is a special party to be held when someone buys or moves into a new apartment or house. The person who bought the house or moved is the one who throws the party. The party is a chance for friends and family t
2、o congratulate the person on the new home. 36 And it is good time to fill the new space with love and hopeful presents. 37 Some people register a list of things they want or need for their new home at a local store or stores. Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tool
3、s like knives and things like curtains. Even if there isnt a registry, a good housewarming gift is something to decorate the new house with, like a piece of art or a plant. 38 This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isnt a lot of food served. There are usually no planned activities l
4、ike games at a housewarming party. The host or hostess of the party will, however, probably give all the guests a tour of their new home. Sometimes, because a housewarming party happens shortly after a person moves into their new home, people may be asked to help unpack boxes. 39 Housewarming partie
5、s get their name from the fact that a long time ago people would 七选五之代词指代型七选五之代词指代型 actually bring firewood to a new home as a gift. 40 Now most homes have central heating and dont use fires to keep warm. A. This isnt usual though. B. It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party. C. You
6、 can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests. D. If youre lucky enough to receive gifts, keep them in a safe place. E. It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like. F. The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together. G. This was so that the p
7、erson could keep their home warm for the winter. （2020浙江卷 1 月） Lets take a minute to think about the water we use. The human body is 60% water and we need to drink lots of water to be healthy. When we are thirsty we just go to the kitchen and fill a glass with clean water. 31 For example, farmers, w
8、ho produce the food we eat, use water to make the plants grow. When we turn on a light or switch on a TV or a computer we use energy and we need water to produce this energy. The truth is that we are lucky enough to have clean water whenever we want, but this is not the case for many people around t
9、he world. 32 Thats around one in 10 people in the world. If we drink dirty water, we can catch diseases from the bacteria and become ill. Every year over 500,000 children die from diarrhea(腹泻) from dirty water. Thats around 1,400 children every day! Also, in some countries children walk many kilomet
10、res every day to get water. 33 Therefore, they dont have time to learn how to read or write and dont get an education. 34 On this day every year, countries around the world hold events to educate people about the problems of dirty water and that clean water is something that everyone should have aro
11、und the world. At one school in the UK, children between the ages of 10 and 15 walk 6km with six litres of water. 35 People give them money to do this and all the money helps get clean water to as many people as possible around the world. A. We use water indirectly too. B. Every system in our body d
12、epends on water to function. C. It is to inspire people to learn more about water-related problems. D. If children walk many hours a day to get water, they cant go to school. E. Did you know that around 750 million people do not have clean water to drink? F. In 1993 the United Nations decided that M
13、arch 22nd is the World Day for Water. G. In this way, they know how it feels to walk a long distance carrying heavy bottles. Passage 1 Realizing your dreams is not a matter of possibility; its a matter of motivating yourself to focus on the right things. You know you should be doing something, but s
14、ometimes you just dont feel like doing anything. 1 Here are some daily motivation tricks that might work for you. This is by far the most important tip in this article. Sit down and get a move on! Reading more about motivation wont help. Reviewing your to-do lists wont help. 2 So stop thinking about
15、 how hard the task is going to be or how long its going to take you. Tell yourself, “As soon as I get going, Ill feel more motivated.” 3 You have the choice to replace negative self-talk with a more encouraging and friendly voice. A voice that does not look at the possibility of success before takin
16、g action, but rather uses self-belief as its driving force; a voice that all things are possible to those who commit to their dream. Think about how far you have come. You have made so much progress, you just dont realize it. Open your eyes and give yourself credit for all that you have done. Think
17、about it. Write down your past successes. 4 Youll probably be pleasantly surprised when you review your results. Accept failure as a positive learning experience and judge unsuccessful work and mistakes as part of the growth process. When times get tough, take a deep breath, and know that most great
18、 things come when you least expect it. Being defeated is a temporary condition; giving up is what makes it permanent. 5 A. Do you feel the push-back of laziness? B. Only doing helps get everything going. C. Be aware of your self-talk and stay confident. D. This discouraging situation can last a long
19、 time if you dont take action. E. Push through! Daily motivation tricks help you to realize your dreams. F. Consider using a diary to keep track of them. G. And most people that gave up didnt realize how close they were to success. Passage 2 Healthy See, Healthy Do Visit the grocery store on an empt
20、y stomach, and you will probably come home with a few things you did not plan to buy. But hunger is not the only cause of additional purchases. 6 And it may make or break some healthy eating habits. The checkout area is a particular hotspot for junk food. Studies have found that the products most co
21、mmonly found there are sugary and salty snacks. 7 A 2012 study in the Netherlands found that hospital workers were more likely to give up junk food for healthy snacks when the latter were more readily available on canteen shelves, for example. In 2014 Norwegian and Icelandic researchers also found t
22、hat replacing unhealthy foods with healthy ones in the checkout area significantly increased last-minute sales of healthier foods. 8 It has been working with more than 1,000 store owners to encourage them to order and promote nutritious foods. “We know that the stores are full of cues meant to encou
23、rage consumption,” says Tamar Adjoian, a research scientist at the department, “Making healthy foods more convenient or attractive can lead to increased sales of those products.” Adjoian and her colleagues wondered if such findings would apply to their citys crowded urban checkout areas, so they sel
24、ected three Bronx supermarkets for their own study. They replaced candies and cookies with fruits and nuts near the checkout counter. 9 Of the more than 2,100 shoppers they observed, just 4 percent bought something from the checkout areas. Among those who did, however, customers in the healthy lines
25、 purchased nutritious foods more than twice as often as those in the standard lines. 10 The findings were reported in September in the Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior. The potential influence may seem small, but Adjoian believes that creating more checkout lines would open customers eyes
26、 to nutritious, lower-calorie foods. Health department officials are now exploring ways to expand healthy options at checkout counters throughout New York City. A. They bought unhealthy foods 40 percent less often. B. These foods give people more energy. C. The location of store displays also influe
27、nces our shopping choices. D. These findings caught the attention of New York City Department of Health. E. The supermarkets began to offer nutritious, lower-calorie foods. F. And a few studies have suggested that simply swapping in healthier options can change customer behavior. G. Then they record
28、ed purchases over six three-hour periods in each store for two weeks. Passage 3 Marine Layer is an American clothing company that has recently earned an impressive qualification. It is the first in the world to take old T-shirts and transform them into brand new ones, using 100% recycled materials.
29、11 The collection was launched on April 28 to much fanfare in the eco-fashion world. Re-spun shirts are made from old T-shirts that supporters have mailed to the company or dropped off in store. 12 Then they are cleaned using waterless technology, broken down, and woven into a colored cotton fiber.
30、It is mixed with 50% recycled fiber to create the final yarn(纱). 13 Interestingly, Recover has been recycling fabrics since the 1940s, when people were looking for a solution to clothing shortages during World War II. The yarn is sent to Los Angeles for milling and sewing, from which the finished sh
31、irts are distributed to Marine Layers 41 stores and online shops. 14 Each shirt varies slightly in color. No water, chemicals, or dyes are used in production. Best of all, Marine Layer has no intention of stopping with its first Re-Spun collection. Customers are urged to keep sending in their old sh
32、irts using a prepaid mailer, and will get $5 credit for each one, up to a total of $25. Its exciting to see the great ways in which fashion companies are trying to reduce their environmental impact. This fabric recycling technology promises to revolutionize the industry and make good use of the 80 p
33、ounds of clothing that the average American throws away each year. 15 A. The technology deserves a lot. B. The result is its Re-spun collection. C. Many people are interested in the project. D. These old shirts are sorted into four color groups. E. Now using old clothes to make new is truly fashiona
34、ble. F. The fabric breakdown takes place at a factory called Recover. G. The first collection consists of four shirts for men and four for women. Passage 4 We find comfort in nature. Spending time with grass and trees and birds, even through a window, makes us feel happier and more relaxed. One of t
35、he most exciting things about bird-watching is that birds are so mobile. 16 . They migrate across the globe every spring and fall. You dont have to identify the species, although there is a wealth of information available if you know a birds name. 17 . Im writing about bird-watching here, and here a
36、re 3 tips to get started: Notice birds If youre not already a bird-watcher, you probably dont really notice birds, but they are around us all the time, even in a city. 18 . One of the best ways to find birds is just to watch for movement, and then focus on that movement to see whats happening(its of
37、ten a bird). You will quickly learn where and how to look, and noticing birds will become second nature Listen Birds communicate by sound as well as by sight, just like we do. They make a lot of noise and their songs and calls all mean something. On the most basic level sounds can help you find bird
38、s by revealing their presence and telling you what direction to look. Just like seeing, 19 , but once you start noticing these sounds you will hear them everywhere. Watch for patterns Birds are creatures of habit. If youve seen a bird fly away carrying something, theres a very good chance it will co
39、me back to gather more. Just wait. Building a nest takes several days, and young birds in the nest are fed for more than a week, so you might be able to come back the next day and watch more. 20 , you might even find the nest. All of the variation in birds also follows patterns. Its always satisfyin
40、g to understand the broader patterns in nature. A. it takes some focus and practice to hear birds B. Just taking the steps will lead to discoveries C. They fly around their home territory D. With a little practice youll be amazed at what you can see E. this is the best thing to focus on when you see
41、 an unfamiliar bird F. And if you track the bird along the path that it takes G. The most important thing is just to notice birds, slow down and really watch them Passage 5 Some people succeed,while others may not. 21 The first thing you must remember is that in order to succeed, you must be optimis
42、tic(乐观 的). If you do not expect to win, you will not try as hard as those who do expect to win. 22 If you do not have an aim, then you will not be motivated to work hard and put your performance under the microscope to make sure that every detail is right. Another quality that helps people succeed i
43、s creativity(有创造力) thinking about things in a different way and wondering how others would do the same thing. 23 They might be successful with a little creativity, but the most successful people are the most creative ones. 24 It will help you learn about how other people have achieved success. If yo
44、u want to learn how to set up a successful business, you should read books about people like Bill Gates and Jerry Yang. Practicing is also important if you want to succeed because practice makes perfect. Practise every day at whatever career you are in, and by doing so, you will see yourself, your b
45、usiness and your self-confidence begin to grow. 25 Success is yours for the taking! Cheers! A. If you trust yourself and do what you want confidently, your colleagues will be happy to work with you. B. Think about some successful people you know. C. Reading is another to success. D. Thats because so
46、me people work extra hard. E. Listening is also of importance to success. F. You also need to have a clear goal because motivation(动力) is a key to achieving success. G. This is because some people possess certain qualities, which others do not. （2020全国 III 卷） 【答案】EBCAG 【解析】本文是说明文，介绍了乔迁聚会的目的、礼物的选取、活动
47、安排和名称的由来。 36.空格上句“The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home.”介绍庆祝乔迁之喜的聚会是亲戚朋友祝贺搬新家的人的一次机会，空格下句“And it is a good time to fill the new space with love and hopeful presents.”介绍这也是给新家填满爱和 礼物的好时机。E 项（它也让人们有机会一睹新家的风采。 ）与上下句并列，都是介绍乔迁 之喜聚会的目的，故选 E。 37.空格下文列举了参加聚
48、会所带礼物的清单，可以是厨房工具、窗帘、艺术品或绿植。这 些都和参加聚会带礼物有关， B 项 （带礼物去参加乔迁派对是一种传统。 ） 概括了本段内容， 引出下文，故选 B。 38.本段介绍了聚会的活动安排。后文“This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isnt a lot of food served.”指出因为新搬家，所以主人不会准备太丰盛的食物或太多的活动。 那么本句是在建议你可以带上自己的食物或饮料与其他客人分享。故选 C。 39.本段提到在乔迁聚会上人们会聚餐，主人带领客人参观新家。上句提到，由于乔迁聚会 是在搬进新家后不久举行的， 客人可能会被要求帮忙打开箱子。 根据常识可知在乔迁聚会上 让客人们帮忙干活是不常见的，A 项（但这并不常见。 ）表达了此意，与上文衔接，故选 A。 40.上句介绍了乔迁聚会名称由来，根据“bring firewood to a new home as a gift”可知本空 承接上文说明了带柴火的目的和作用。 G 项 （这样人们就可以在冬天的时候保持家里温暖。 ） 符合语境。故选 G。 （2020浙江卷 1 月） 【答案】AEDFG 【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了水是我们生活中非常重要的能源，而世界上很多人并 不像我