1、 1 Unit 4 History and TraditionsUnit 4 History and Traditions Sailors used to speak of a “Jack” when they meant a flag which was set near the bow of a sailing ship.The flag showed the country to which the ship to which the ship belongedbelonged 1 1. .The Union Jack became the flag of Great Britain.A
2、ustralias flag has the Union Jack in the top left hand corner together with the stars of the Southern Cross.They have kept this small part of Britain on their flag because their country was first settled by people from Britain. Australias flag is the same color as the Union Jackred，white and blue.Th
3、e act of joining together is called a “Union”The Union Jack was the name of the flag made when England，Scotland and Ireland joined together to make one country.It all began in 1707 when England and Scotland joined together to become one nation.A flag was made using two crossesone for the patron sain
4、t(守护神) of each country.The word “patron” means protector.Many centuries before the English had taken St George as their patron saint， his emblem(标志) was a red cross on a white background.The Scottish patron saint was St Andrew.In memory of him，they used a white cross on a blue background.This cross
5、was shaped like the letter “X”The new flag was a mixture of both flags with two sets of crosseswith two sets of crosses 2 2.When Ireland joined England and Scotland in 1800，another cross was added.St Patricks cross of Ireland was red and also shaped like an “X”All three flags made up the Union Jack.
6、 靓句运用于写作 1Moreover，with the stadium set up，a wide range of sports events are able to be held， of which pingpongof which pingpong，football as well as running competitions enjoy great popularityfootball as well as running competitions enjoy great popularity. (2018全国，书面表达) 2At the class meeting, our te
7、acher told us about the programme with the theme “Labour with the theme “Labour is the most gloris the most glorious”ious”(2019北京，书面表达) Period OnePeriod One Listening and Speaking & Reading andListening and Speaking & Reading and ThinkingThinkingComprehendingComprehending 匹配左边的单词与右边的汉语意思 第一组 1charge
8、 A围绕；包围 2achievement B占领；征服；控制 2 3conquer C收费；指控；主管 4surround D宣布；通知；声称 5.announce E成就；成绩；达到 答案 1.C 2.E 3.B 4.A 5.D 第二组 6location A迷惑；使困惑 7puzzle B证据；证明 8legal C保证；确保；担保 9evidence D地方；地点；位置 10ensure E法律的；合法的 答案 6.D 7.A 8.E 9.B 10.C 第三组 11approach A慷慨的；大方的；丰富的 12amount B方法；途径；接近 13fascinating C金额；数量
9、14individual D单独的；个别的 15generous E迷人的；极有吸引力的 答案 11.B 12.C 13.E 14.D 15.A 第四组 16mansion A墓地；公墓 17cemetery B公馆；宅第 18chief C应在(某处)；适应 19belong D防御；保卫 20defence E最重要的；最高级别的 答案 16.B 17.A 18.E 19.C 20.D Step 1Step 1 FastreadingFastreading 1Whats the main idea of the passage? AThe history of the United Kin
10、gdom. BThe geography of the United Kingdom. CThe people of the United Kingdom. DThe politics of the United Kingdom. 答案 A 3 2Match each paragraph with its topic sentence. Para.1 AThe UK is a country that is well worth visiting. Para.2 BThe similarities(相似点) and differences of the four countries that
11、make up the UK. Para.3 CThe four groups of people that influenced the history and traditions of the UK. Para.4 DPeoples confusion about the different names of the UK. Para.5 EHow the UK came into being. 答案 Para.1 D Para.2 E Para.3 B Para.4 C Para.5 A Step 2Step 2 CarefulreadingCarefulreading .Judge
12、whether the following statements are true.Judge whether the following statements are true(T T) or falseor false(F F) 1Scotland was the first country that was joined to the Kingdom of England.(F) 2The four countries that make up the UK all have the army of their own.(F) 3The Normans added some French
13、 words to the English language.(T) 4The Anglo-Saxons influenced the building styles of the UK.(T) 5If you want to visit the United Kingdom，it is a good idea to start with London.(T) .Choose the best answer.Choose the best answer. 1When did the name “the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern I
14、reland” begin to appear? AIn the 16th century. BIn the 18th century. CIn the 19th century. DIn the 20th century. 答案 D 2Which of the following is not part of the UK? AEngland. BScotland. CNorthern Ireland. DSouthern Ireland. 答案 D 3The four countries that make up the UK share the same things except .
15、Anational flag Beducation systems Ccurrency Dmilitary defence 答案 B 4Which group of people made changes to the legal system of the UK? AThe Romans. BThe Vikings. 4 CThe Normans. DThe Anglo-Saxons. 答案 C 5Why is the UK a great place that is well worth visiting? AIt has a long history and rich culture.
16、BThere are a lot of historic sites in it. CIts museums are also well-known. DAll the above. 答案 D Step 3Step 3 PostreadingPostreading After reading the passageAfter reading the passage，please fill in the following blanks.please fill in the following blanks. The UK ， which is also referred 1.to as Bri
17、tain or Great Britain ， is a 2.fascinating(fascinate) country with a long history.It is made up 3.of four countriesEngland，Scotland，Wales and Northern Ireland.The four countries work together in some areas， but they also have some 4.differences(different)， such as different education systems，legal s
18、ystems，and national days.The UK was once taken over by four groups of people， who had a great influence 5.on the culture of this country in many ways.For example， the Romans,6.who came in the first century，built many towns and roads all over the country.The Anglo-Saxons 7.introduced(introduce) the b
19、eginnings of the English language.The Vikings left behind the names of many locations and the Normans had castles 8.built(build) all around England.If you have known the history and geography of this country，you will not 9.be confused(confuse) by what these different names mean.Studying the history
20、of the country will make your visit much 10.more enjoyable(enjoy) Step 4Step 4 SentencelearningSentencelearning 1Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle. 句式分析 本句为一个简单句。句中 Getting to know a little bit about British history 是动名词短语作主语。动名词(短语)作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。 自主翻
21、译 了解一点英国的历史将会帮助你解开这一谜团。 2Finally，in the 20th century，the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK， which resulted in the full name we have today：the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 句式分析 本句为一个含有定语从句的复合句。which resulted in the full name we have today 为非限制性定语从句，关系代词 which 代指
22、“爱尔兰南部地区从英国脱离出去”这件事。 自主翻译 后来到了 20 世纪，爱尔兰南部地区从英国脱离出去，这才有了我们现在所知的英国 的全称：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。 3They use the same flag，known as the Union Jack，as well as share the same currency 5 and military defence. 句式分析 本句为一个复合句。句中 known as the Union Jack 为过去分词短语作后置定语，修 饰前面的名词 flag，相当于非限制性定语从句 which is known as the Union
23、Jack。 自主翻译 像拥有同样的货币和国防一样，他们也使用同一面被称为联合杰克的国旗。 4They had castles built all around England，and made changes to the legal system. 句式分析 本句为一个简单句。had castles built 为“have sth. done”结构，意为“让某 事被做”， 过去分词在句中作宾语补足语。 自主翻译 他们在英格兰到处建立城堡，而且还对法律体系作了更改。 .阅读理解 A A Newcastle，one of the fastest developing cities in the
24、 United KingdomKingdom，is beginning to draw tourists from all corners of Europe.Its said that most visitors come here to see the famous soccer team play.The mood of the locals is often changed by the success or failure of the local team. Newcastles most popular place is the Gate，which is in the cent
25、er of the city and has many attractions including bars，restaurants，sports bars，pubspubs and so on.During a home game it becomes a real home to happiness. Culture and local history lovers can make their dreams come true by taking one of the local city tour buses.They come and leave every few minutes
26、and stop at all the important historical sites in the city.Also the seats and the environment on the buses are comfortable.Its the best way to see the city without tiring yourself out or getting cold.Places such as the Hancock Museum and Millennium Bridge are must-see attractions.But be careful if y
27、oure short of time.Newcastle is a big place，so you should be prepared to kill a few hours on one of these buses. If you want to watch the local team play soccer in the St.James Park，remember to book a ticket as early as possible.The locals are crazy soccer fans，and youll find it hard to get a ticket
28、 if you dont wait in the queue early. As you can see，Newcastle is a fascinatingfascinating city with so much to be offered and so many things to see.Youre sure to have a wonderful time here! 语篇解读 本文介绍了英国发展最快的城市之一纽卡斯尔。 1Most visitors come to Newcastle in order to . Awatch its soccer team play 6 Btake
29、 the local tour buses Cvisit the Hancock Museum Dhave a big meal in restaurants 答案 A 解析 细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句“Its said that most visitors come here to see the famous soccer team play.”可知，大多数游客来这里是为了看足球比赛。 2If you want to learn about the history and culture of Newcastle，you . Ashould go to the Gate Bcan go
30、 on a city tour Cmust visit St.James Park Dmust drive your own car 答案 B 解析 细节理解题。根据第三段的第一句“Culture and local history lovers can make their dreams come true by taking one of the local city tour buses.”可知答案。 3The underlined word “They” in Para.3 refers to “ ” Ahistory lovers Blocal people Ccity tour b
31、uses Dlocal soccer teams 答案 C 解析 代词指代题。根据常识，代词一般指上文提到的名词，再结合句中的“come and leave every few minutes and stop at all the important historical sites in the city”可知，They 在 此处指上句提到的城市旅游巴士。 4According to the passage，which one is NOT correct? AThe most popular place in Newcastle is the Gate. BMillennium Brid
32、ge is attractive to culture and local history lovers. CThe mood of the locals cant be influenced by the success or failure of the local team. DYoud better book a ticket as early as possible if you want to watch the local team play soccer. 答案 C 解析 细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句“The mood of the locals is often chan
33、ged by the success or failure of the local team.”可知，C 项的表述是不正确的。 B B Over the centuries the French have lost a number of famous battlesbattles with the British.However，theyve always felt superior in the kitchen.France has for centuries had a reputation for cooking excellence，and Britain for some of
34、the worst cooking in the world.But according to a recent survey，that reputation may no longer reflect reality. 7 In the survey,71% of the Britons said they cook at home every day，while only 59% of the French said they cook daily.British home cooks spend more time cooking each week and also produce a
35、 greater variety of dishes than French home cooks. The reaction in London was predictably enthusiastic.British food has greatly improved since the 1990s.Once upon a time，the menu for many family meals would have been roast beef，potatoes and over-cooked vegetables，but not now.Home cooks are experimen
36、ting with the huge range of ingredients now available in British supermarkets and are preparing all kinds of new dishes， using the cookbooks that sell millions of copies every year.As a result， theres much more diversity in British food now，compared to French food，which tends to be very traditional.
37、 Some French people say that the survey did not show the whole picture.They agree that during the week French women dont cook as much as they used to because most of them work and dont have much time.They tend to buy ready-made or frozen dishes，but many of them make up for it on the weekend.Theres a
38、lso a difference between Paris and the countryside.Its true that people in Paris dont cook much，but elsewhere，cooking is still at the heart of daily life. For many French people，opinions about British food have not changed.When Bernard Blier， the food editor of a magazine，was asked about British foo
39、d，he replied，“I dont go out of my way to try it.It is not very refined.You can say that Im not a fan at all.” 语篇解读 本文介绍了一项调查结果：英国人做饭的水平不是过去那样子了。 5According to the passage，nowadays British people . Acook less at home than the French every day Bno longer eat roast beef and over-cooked vegetables Care
40、more willing to try cooking all kinds of new foods Dbuy more cookbooks than French people do 答案 C 解析 细节理解题。 根据第二段的第二句“British home cooks spend more time cooking each week and also produce a greater variety of dishes than French home cooks.”可知答案。 6What can we infer from the fourth paragraph? AFrench
41、women cook less often now. BThe French prefer ready-made dishes. CFrench women seldom cook on the weekend. DCooking is at the heart of peoples life in Paris. 答案 A 解析 推理判断题。根据第四段的第二句“They agree that during the week French women dont 8 cook as much as they used to because most of them work and dont ha
42、ve much time.”可 知答案。 7What is Bernards attitude towards British food? AHe would love to try it. BHe shows no interest in it. CHe considers it worse than before. DHe considers it better than before. 答案 B 解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段中 Bernard 所说的话“I dont go out of my way to try it.It is not very refined.You can sa
43、y that Im not a fan at all.”可知答案。 8What does the passage mainly talk about? AThe history of British food. BThe history of French food. CThe change in British food. DThe change in French food. 答案 C 解析 主旨大意题。本文在第一段点出主题：根据最近的一项调查，英国人做饭的水平不是过去那 样子了。下文进行了具体介绍，故选 C 项。 C C A British friend told me he could
44、nt understand why Chinese people love eating sunflower seeds as a snacksnack so much.“Ive met a lot of older Chinese and many have a crack(缝隙) in their front teeth；I believe thats from cracking the seeds，” he said. I had never noticed the habit，but once he mentioned(提及) it，I suddenly became more awa
45、re.I realized that whenever Im watching TV or typing a report，I always start mindlessly(不自觉地) cracking sunflower seeds.My friend doesnt like sunflower seeds， and，to him，it seems unnecessary to work so much just to get one small seed. When we were young，the whole family would usually get together for
46、 Chinese New Year.Then，we all lived close to one another，usually in a small city，and sometimes even neighbors would go door-to-door on Chinese New Years Eve to check out what every household was making. I remember my parents would be in the kitchen cooking.Out in the living room，a large table would
47、already be laid out，complete with fancy tablecloth，ready-made dumpling fillings，and dishes full of candy，fruits and sunflower seeds.Some of the dishes were to be offered to our ancestorsancestors later，while others were for neighbors and children to eat before the evening feastfeast.I must have lear
48、ned how to crack sunflower seeds back then. 9 I dont think its right to criticize(批评) ones choice in food or eating habits， no matter how strange they may seem. Its not only in China.When I went abroad，I found people had all sorts of strange habits when it came to food.In Denmark，they put salted red fish on bread and eat it for dinner，no matter how much it ruins your breath.They think its a delicacy，and its connected to their culture.I think its a wonderful tradition. 语篇解读 本文讲述了直到作者的英国朋友提到中国人都爱嗑瓜子，作者才意识到自己也有 这个习惯。作者把这个习惯归结于中国春节文化，就像丹麦人吃面包喜欢加咸红鱼，每一个 饮食习惯都有自己特定的文化。