1、2020 年深圳市普通高中高三年级第二次线上统一测试年深圳市普通高中高三年级第二次线上统一测试 英语试题英语试题 试卷共试卷共 8 页，卷面满分页，卷面满分 120 分。考试用时分。考试用时 120 分钟。分钟。 注意事项：注意事项： 1. 答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡 上的指定位置。用上的指定位置。用 2B 铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型 A 后的方框涂黑。后的方框涂黑。 2. 选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用 2B
2、 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在 试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 3. 非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和 答题卡上的非答题区域均无答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。效。 4. 考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。 第二部分第二部分 阅读理解阅读理解( (共两节，满分共两节，满分 40 分）分） 第一节第一节 ( (共共
3、15 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 分，满分分，满分 30 分）分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该 项涂黑。项涂黑。 A Foods of the Future We asked young scientists to write an advertisement that answers this question: How will food options, food availability, and individuals food choices ch
4、ange in the future? A selection of their suggested marketing campaigns is below. Read previous NextGen Voices survey results at http:/science.sciencemag.org/collection/nextgen-voices. Jennifer Sills Personalized Meal Plans Send us your DNA, and we will predict your food preferences! Receive your per
5、sonalized food basket, with a day-by-day diet program. We will send you full meals and personalized smoothies (水果奶昔) based on your genetic taste tendency. Ada Gabriela Blidner Twitter:adagbb Fresh Fruit If you miss sweet temperate fruits, welcome to our Moon Farm. Our fruit trees are planted in hybr
6、id-soil and artificial air that reproduce Earths environment from 5000 years ago. Pick fruits with your family or ship to your doorstep with MoonEx. Freshness guaranteed. Yongsheng Ji Email: jiyongshengkey Meat Our steaks are sourced from natural grasslands, where cattle now fill the ecological role
7、s. With FoodFootprint feeding system, we enhance natural grazing (放牧) to improve animal growth effectively while minimizing methane production and water consumption. At only $219.00/kg (including carbon taxes and ecological taxes), our steaks are affordable for the whole family. Falko Buschke Email:
8、 falko. buschkegmail. com 1. Which of the following needs you to provide the information of your genes? A. Meat. B. Fresh Fruit. C. NextGen Voices. D. Personalized Meal Plans. 2. Who should you contact if you want to have fun with your family? A. Jennifer Sills. B. Yongsheng Ji. C. Falko Buschke. D.
9、 Ada Gabriela Blidner. 3. Which of the following best describes the steaks in Meat? A. Fresh. B. Green. C. Expensive. D. Personalized. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. B 【解析】 本文是一篇应用文。文章提供了未来食物选择的几个营销活动，以供人们做出选择。 【1 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Personalized Meal Plans 中的“Send us your DNA, and we will predict your food preferences
10、!”可知，这个营销活动需要你发送自己的 DNA，然后其根据 DNA信息将预测出你的食物偏好。 故选D。 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Pick fruits with your family Yongsheng Ji”可知，你可以与家人一起享受采 摘水果的快乐。该营销活动提供的联系人是 Yongsheng Ji。故选 B。 【3 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Our steaks are sourced from natural grasslands, where cattle now fill the ecological roles.”可知，这个营销活动的牛排来自天
11、然草原，那里的牛吃着原生态的草。由此可知，在天然 草原长大的牛吃的是没有污染的草，因此牛排是绿色无污染的。故选 B。 B Amanda Seyfried didnt grow up with dogs. With her busy work schedule, she didnt think she could take care of a dog. In fact, she wasnt looking for a furry friend at all. But then she met Finn. Today, the 34-year-old actress, whos known for
12、 films Mamma Mia, is a dog owner and a spokeswoman at the welfare organization Best Friends Animal Society. “I cant imagine my life without him,” Seyfried says of 6.5-year-old Australian shepherd Finn, who is allowed on her U.S. set. If for some reason he cant join Seyfried on location - like on a r
13、ecent trip when she traveled from France to China, Seyfried requests from her dog sitter twice daily videos of him. Now with a new video for Best Friends Animal Society, she calls herself Finns “stage mother.” Seyfried and Finn shot an 80s-themed video for the 9000StepsChallenge, which asks animal o
14、wners to walk 9,000 steps with their pets on the ninth day of the month to raise awareness to the fact that more than 9,000 dogs and cats are euthanized (安乐死) in shelters each day because theres not enough room. As for the video shoot, in which Seyfried and Finn walked the 9,000 steps - it was more
15、exhausting than a long walk. Seyfried was Finns trainer on the shoot. She believes that instead of being Finns cp-star, shell go back to being BFFs. 4. Why did Seyfried originally refuse a pet dog? A. She wasnt not yet a spokeswoman. B She wasnt used to being with a dog. C. She was too busy to care
16、for a dog. D. She had not enough room for a dog. 5. Who does the underlined word “him” in paragraph 3 refer to? A. Finn. B. Seyfried. C. The dog sitter. D. Finns best friend. 6. Why did Seyfried shoot the video together with Finn? A. To show how deep she loves Finn. B. To train Finn to have a long w
17、alk. C. To take part in an animal cp-star show. D. To call on public attention to pets life. 7. Which section of a newspaper is this text most likely from? A. News B. Life C. Education D. Sports 【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. B 【解析】 本文是新闻报道。文章讲述了 Amanda Seyfried 在与她的牧羊犬 Finn 的共同生活中培养了深厚的感情， Seyfried 和 Finn 拍
18、摄了一个视频，以引起人们对宠物的关注。 【4 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“With her busy work schedule, she didnt think she could take care of a dog.”可 知，Amanda Seyfried 认为自己工作繁忙，无法照顾狗。即 Amanda Seyfried 最初拒绝养宠物狗的原因是她太 忙了，无法照顾狗。故选 C。 【5 题详解】 指代猜测题。根据第三段“I cant imagine my life without him,” Seyfried says of 6.5-year-old Australian sh
19、epherd Finn, who is allowed on her U.S. set. If for some reason he cant join Seyfried on location - like on a recent trip when she traveled from France to China, ”可知，提到 6.5 岁的澳大利亚牧羊犬 Finn . Seyfried 说：“没有他，我无法想象我的生活。Seyfried 在不能带着 Finn 出门旅 行时，Seyfried 每天要与 Finn 进行两次视频。因此划线词 him指的是牧羊犬 Finn。故选 A。 【6 题
20、详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Seyfried and Finn shot an 80s-themed video, which asks animal owners to walk 9,000 steps with their pets on the ninth day of the month to raise awareness to the fact that more than 9,000 dogs and cats are euthanized (安乐死) in shelters each day because theres not enough room.”可知，因为没有
21、足够的空间， 所以每天有 9000 多只猫和狗在动物收容所中被执行安乐死。Seyfried 和 Finn 拍摄了一个视频，该视频要求 动物主人在每月的第九天与宠物一起走 9000 步，以提高人们对宠物安乐死的认识，从而引起人们对宠物的 关注。故选 D。 【7 题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了 Amanda Seyfried 在与她澳大利亚牧羊犬 Finn 的共同生活中培养 了深厚的感情，Seyfried 和 Finn 拍摄了一个视频，该视频要求动物主人在每月的第九天与宠物一起走 9000 步，以提高人们对宠物安乐死的认识，从而引起人们对宠物的关注。文章的题材是有关于日常生活的，因
22、 此文章最有可能来自报纸的生活栏目。故选 B。 C Pinocchio may be just a childrens fairy tale, but Spanish scientists at the University of Granada recently investigated this so-called “Pinocchio effect” and found that our noses dont grow when we tell a lie, but actually shrink a bit. Dr. G mez Mil n and his team developed
23、 a lie detector test that used thermography(体温计）to tell if people were lying, and found that whenever participants in their research were being untruthful, the temperature of the tip of their nose dropped up to 1.2, while the temperature of their forehead increased up to 1.5. Scientist also found th
24、at drop in temperature at nose level actually caused it to slightly shrink, although the difference is undetected by the human eye. “One has to think in order to lie, which rises the temperature of the forehead,” Dr. Gmez Miln explained the findings. “At the same time we feel anxious, which lowers t
25、he temperature of the nose.” For this study, researchers asked a number of 60 students to perform various tasks while their temperature is scanned by technology. One of these tasks required making a 3 to 4 minutes call to their parents or a friend and telling a significant lie. Participants had to m
26、ake up the lie themselves during the call. Interestingly, this lie detector picked up the “Pinocchio effect” temperature difference in 80 percent of the test subjects, which is a better rate of success than that of any modern lie detector. “With this method we have achieved to increase accuracy”, sa
27、id Dr. Gmez Miln, who added that law enforcement interviewers could one day combine other lie detection technology with thermal imaging to achieve better results. 8. Why does the writer talk about Pinocchio in the first paragraph? A. To tell a fairy tale. B. To give an example. C. To talk about a sc
28、ientist. D. To introduce the topic. 9. What is “Pinocchio effect”? A. Our noses will grow when we tell a lie. B. Our noses will shrink when we tell a lie. C. The temperature of the forehead falls if we lie. D. The temperature of the student rises for anxiety. 10. How did Dr. G mez Mil n feel about t
29、he lie detector? A. Doubtful. B. Surprised. C. Confident. D. Puzzled. 11. What lesson can we learn from the text? A. A lie will travel very hard. B. Many ways to bring a liar to light. C. A lie never lives to be old. D. Once a liar always a liar. 【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. B 【解析】 本文是说明文。文章通过提到“匹诺曹效应”引入
30、话题介绍了一种红外热像测谎仪，这种仪器现在已经被 认为是世界上最可信的测谎仪。 【8 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Pinocchio may be just a childrens fairy tale, but Spanish scientists at the University of Granada recently investigated this so-called “Pinocchio effect” and found that our noses dont grow when we tell a lie, but actually shrink a bit.”可知
31、， 匹诺曹也许只是一个讲给孩子听的童话，不过，西班牙 格拉纳达大学的科学家最近研究了所谓的“匹诺曹效应”，结果发现，我们在说谎时鼻子不会变大，而是 会缩小一点。 由此判断出作者在第一段中谈到“匹诺曹”的目的是引入“匹诺曹效应”的研究话题。 故选D。 【9 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Spanish scientists at the University of Granada recently investigated this so-called “Pinocchio effect” and found that our noses dont grow when we tell a
32、 lie, but actually shrink a bit.”可知，西班牙 科学家最近对这种所谓的“匹诺曹效应”进行了研究，发现我们在说谎时鼻子不会变大，而是会缩小一点。 故选 B。 【10 题详解】 推理判段题。根据第四段中的“Interestingly, this lie detector picked up the “Pinocchio effect” temperature difference in 80 percent of the test subjects, which is a better rate of success than that of any modern
33、lie detector.” 和最后一段中的“With this method we have achieved to increase accuracy”, said Dr. Gmez Miln,”可知，有 趣的是，该测谎仪在 80的测试对象中发现了“匹诺曹效应”温差，与任何现代测谎仪相比，其成功率更高。 Dr. G mez Mil说：“通过这种方法，我们已经达到了提高准确性的目的。”由此判断出，G mez Mil博 士对测谎仪的作用很有信心。故选 C。 【11 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“. said Dr. G mez Mil n, who added that law en
34、forcement interviewers could one day combine other lie detection technology with thermal imaging to achieve better results.”可知，Dr. G mez Mil n 补充说，执法人员可能有一天可以将其他测谎技术与热成像技术相结合，以获得更好的结果。因此可 推知，揭露谎言的方法有很多。故选 B。 D East Africa is experiencing the worst desert locust outbreak in decades. Climate events ha
35、ve accelerated breeding of the pest across the region, and with a sudden rise in the locust population expected in coming weeks, urgent actions and funds are needed to prevent a human crisis. Twenty million people in six of the eight East African countries are most affected by an ongoing desert locu
36、st outbreak at risk of serious food insecurity. Considered among the most destructive of moving pests, an adult locust can consume 2g of plants per day, affecting crops and grasslands. A group typically holds 20 to 150 million locusts per square kilometer and can move hundreds of kilometers per day,
37、 invading areas covering millions of square kilometers. An active group, therefore, can destroy crops and grasslands within a very short period of time. That global warming could increase the risk of desert locust crisis was proposed over ten years ago, and in February, the UN Secretary-General Ant
38、nio Guterres stated that the current outbreak is linked to the effects of climate change: “warmer seas mean more perfect breeding ground for locusts”. The outbreak has its origins in 2018, when a series of windstorms in the Arabian Peninsula (阿拉伯半岛) enabled the warm and wet conditions the desert loc
39、ust requires to breed and band undetected in remote regions. Though our focus here is migration west, dreadful outbreaks of the desert locust have been experienced to the east. The situation is going out of control. A rescue operation and financial support admit no delay. The Food and Agricultural O
40、rganization (FAO) can take out only US$138 million for rapid response and immediate action controlling the spread of the desert locust and safeguarding livelihoods. They say the maths is clear: about half the funding (资助) is needed for supervision, ground and sky control, and uniting efforts; the ot
41、her half is needed for livelihoods and food security of farmers. As for the huge gap, they have called on the international community to act now through funding. However, by the end of February, just US$69 million had been promised. This most alarming crisis has developed and is worsening in East Af
42、rica. The funds needed to control the situation become very difficult to achieve and the gap is a big concern. 12. Why does the crisis happen in East Africa? A. There is a big population there. B. There are large deserts and grasslands. C. Africa lies west of Arabian Peninsula. D. Good climate for b
43、reeding plays a role. 13. Why does the writer list those figures in Para 2? A. To warn of the terrible damage by locusts. B. To help us understand how locusts live. C. To show how many locusts there are now. D. To draw a picture of the present Africa. 14. What can we infer from the text? A. The cris
44、is is not noticed until recently. B. More fund is needed to prevent the crisis. C. The crisis has been the focus of the world. D. Locusts are all from the Arabian Peninsula. 15. Which is the best title for the text? A. Killing locusts before too late B. Global warming a world problem C. Funding Gap
45、for Locust Crisis D. Africa, a crisis-stricken place 【答案】12. D 13. A 14. B 15. C 【解析】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了东非发生了严重的沙漠蝗虫灾害，预计在未来几周内蝗虫数量会急剧增 加。粮食及农业组织呼吁国际社会立即筹集资金采取行动控制沙漠蝗虫灾害。 【12 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“East Africa is experiencing the worst desert locust outbreak in decades. Climate events have accelerated bree
46、ding of the pest across the region”可知，东非正在经历几十年来最严重的沙漠蝗虫 灾害，气候活动加速了该地区害虫的繁殖。即蝗虫危机在东非发生的原因是气候条件有利于蝗虫的繁殖。 故选 D。 【13 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Twenty million people in six of the eight East African countries are most affected by an ongoing desert locust outbreak at risk of serious food insecurity. Considered am
47、ong the most destructive of moving pests, an adult locust can consume 2g of plants per day, affecting crops and grasslands. A group typically holds 20 to 150 million locusts per square kilometer and can move hundreds of kilometers per day, invading areas covering millions of square kilometers. An ac
48、tive group, therefore, can destroy crops and grasslands within a very short period of time.”可知，八个东非国家中有六个国家的 2,000 万人受持续不断的沙漠蝗虫的影响最大，面临严重的粮 食不安全风险。蝗虫被认为是最具破坏力的害虫之一，一只成年蝗虫每天可以吃掉 2 克植物，从而影响农 作物和草原。通常每平方公里的一个蝗虫群会有 2000 万至 1.5 亿只蝗虫，它们每天可以移动数百公里，入 侵面积达数百万平方公里的地区。因此，移动中的蝗虫群可以在很短的时间内破坏农作物和草原。因此判 断出作者在第 2 段
49、中列出这些数字是为了警告人们蝗虫会造成严重的损失及破坏。故选 A。 【14 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“As for the huge gap, they have called on the international community to act now through funding. However, by the end of February, just US$69 million had been promised.”可知，关于资金的严 重不足，粮食及农业组织呼吁国际社会立即筹款。然而，到 2月底，仅筹措到 6900 万美元。因此我们可以 推断出需要更多资金来预防危机。故选 B。 【15 题详解】 标题判断题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了东非发生了严重的沙漠蝗虫灾害，预计在未来几周内蝗虫数量会 急剧增加。粮食及农业组织呼吁国际社会立即筹集资金采取行动控制沙漠蝗虫灾害。目前控制局势所需的 资金变得非常难以实现，缺口是一个大问题。因此文章的最佳标题是 C项(蝗灾危机的资金缺口） 。故选 C。 第二节第二节( (共共 5 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 分，满分分，满分 10 分