1、大同四中联盟校大同四中联盟校 20192020 学年第二学期高三年级高考模拟学年第二学期高三年级高考模拟 英语试题英语试题 第第卷卷( (选择题选择题 共共 100分分) ) 第一部分：阅读理解第一部分：阅读理解( (共两节，满分共两节，满分 60 分分) ) 第一节：第一节：( (共共 15 小题、每小题小题、每小题 3 分、满分分、满分 45 分分) ) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项四个选项中，选出最佳选项. A Want to fit the best of London in your two-week vacat
2、ion? Here is a list of the best places you must visit in London. Without visiting these, a trip to this city is no more than just incomplete. Buckingham Palace Perhaps the most famous palace in the world, Buckingham Palace is the official London residence of the British monarch (君主). State rooms are
3、 open to visitors only during the Palaces Summer Opening, which takes place in most of August and September. However, if you are heading to the palace at a different time, you can witness “Changing of the Guard, where the guard is changed daily from April to July, and on alternate days from August t
4、o March. British Museum This museum showcases works from the birth of human civilization to the modern age, and has contributions from all continents of the world. The main attractions include the much-debated Parthenon Marbles (Elgin Marbles), Mummy of Cleopatra from Thebes, and the Rosetta Stone.
5、Entry to the museum is free. London Eye The 32 capsules on the London Eye carry many visitors every day. Due to its 360 rotation ability, you can almost see the entire city of London, when you reach the top. Until the Shards privately-operated deck opened in 2013, the London Eye was the tallest publ
6、ic viewing point. London Zoo The worlds oldest scientific zoo, the London Zoo consists of many different types of animals. This is also one of the best places for children, as you can book a VIP encounter with the animals for them. And whats more? You can also stay overnight at the zoo in Lookout Lo
7、dge. 1. When should you go if you want to visit a state room in the Buckingham Palace? A. In April. B. In September. C. In July. D. In January. 2. Which of the following is NOT included in the British Museum? A. Parthenon Marbles. B. the Rosetta Stone. C. Royal Ceremonial Dress Collection. D. Mummy
8、of Cleopatra from Thebes. 3. Which statement will the author disapprove of? A. You can visit the British Museum free of charge. B. You can witness “Changing of the Guard“ every other day in December. C. You can see the almost entire city of London on the top of the London Eye. D. You neednt buy a ti
9、cket for your kid to enter London Zoo. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 【解析】 这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了伦敦的几大景点白金汉宫、大英博物馆和伦敦动物园。 【1 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的 State rooms are open to visitors only during the Palaces Summer Opening, which takes place in most of August and September.可知，国事厅只在白金汉宫的夏季开放日对游客开放，开放日是在八 月和九月的大多数时间。B. In Septemb
10、er. (九月)符合以上说法，故选 B 项。 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段的 The main attractions include the much debated Parthenon Marbles(Elgin Marbles), Mummy of Cleopatra from Thebes, and the Rosetta Stone.可知，主要景点包括备受争议的帕特农神庙大理石、 底比斯埃及艳后和罗塞塔石碑。C. Royal Ceremonial Dress Collection.不是大英博物馆的展览品，故选 C项。 【3 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的 This i
11、s also one of the best places for children, as you can book a VIP encounter with the animals for them.(这也是孩子们可去的最好地方之一，因为你可以给他们预定一次与动物们的贵宾见面) 可知，孩子们参观动物家长可提前预定，故推测动物园并不是免票的。D. You neednt buy a ticket for your kid to enter London Zoo. (孩子进入伦敦动物园，你不需要购票)是作者不会同意的，故选 D 项。 B Im not much of a gardener. I
12、love having beautiful flowers-but I dont have a good track record when it comes to making them grow. A few months after our son left for the Middle East, my friend gifted me a box of tulip bulbs (郁金香球茎). She explained that these bulbs were put into the ground in the fall and lay sleeping all winter.
13、 They had all the nutrients they needed inside the bulb and would come out in the spring. When you see the leaves of the tiny flowers pushing toward the sun, youll know that its almost time for your son to come home. Theyll give you what you need most. She walked me through the process of planting t
14、hem. I thanked her trying to show my gratitude for her gift. It was a long winter cold and dark. I endured both the weather and the loneliness and fear I felt with my son away. Dead leaves, frost and finally a heavy snow covered the area where Id planted those flowers, and I soon forgot they were th
15、ere. Finally the weather began to warm. One day, as I walked down my front steps, I noticed an area of green. I bent down to inspect the situation more clearly and saw that those tulips had begun to grow, their tiny leaves forcing their way to the sun. Day after day I noted the flowers progress. And
16、 day after day, the time approached when my son would finally be home. Now with spring just around the corner, nothing could keep either of us from marching toward the light. Almost all of those bulbs bloomed. And with each brightly colored flower, I marked off one day closer to getting to hold my s
17、on in my arms again. 4. What can we know about the author? A. She is a professional gardener. B. She is not good at growing flowers. C. She never plants flowers at home. D. She often sends friends flowers as gifts. 5 Why did the writer forget the tulip bulbs soon? A. The bitter winter reminded her o
18、f her son far away. B. She was discouraged from making another attempt. C. They failed to live through the cold and long winter. D. She had no hope for beautiful flowers indeed. 6. What were those flowers mentioned in the last paragraph referred to? A. A physical representation of the hope. B. Thing
19、s deep inside her heart and soul. C. A lesson she will never forget completely. D. The trouble she had in making them come out. 7. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. A dark winter with hope. B. Planting hope in winter. C. An area of green in spring. D. Living a changeable life. 【答案】4. B 5
20、. D 6. A 7. B 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的儿子去了中东，作者感到孤独和寂寞。一位朋友送来了一盒郁金 香球茎，这种花的种植，给作者带来了希望。 【4 题详解】 细节理解题。 根据第一段的 Im not much of a gardener. I love having beautiful flowers-but I dont have a good track record when it comes to making them grow.(我不是个好园丁，我喜欢漂亮的花，但我在种植方面没有良好的 记录)可知，作者虽然喜欢花，但不擅长种花。B. She is n
21、ot good at growing flowers. (她不擅长种花)符合以上 说法，故选 B 项。 【5 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段的 It was a long winter cold and dark Dead leaves, frost and finally a heavy snow covered the area where Id planted those flowers, and I soon forgot they were there. (那是一个漫长的冬天又冷 又黑枯叶、霜和最后那场雪覆盖了我种那些花的地方，我很快救忘记了它们的存在)可知，冬天很冷、 很长，故推
22、测作者忘记它们是因为觉得它们熬不过这个冬天，即没对它们抱有希望。 D. She had no hope for beautiful flowers indeed. (她根本没对这些花种抱有希望)符合以上推测，故选 D项。 【6 题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段的 Day after day I noted the flowers progress. And day after day, the time approached when my son would finally be home. (我日复一日的关注这花的成长。一天又一天我的儿子终于要回家了)和 And with each br
23、ightly colored flower, I marked off one day closer to getting to hold my son in my arms again. (每 开一朵色彩鲜艳的花，都标志着我离再次把儿子抱在怀里的日子又近了一天)可知，每开一朵花就代表作者 儿子的归来近了一天，即花就是儿子回来的希望。A. A physical representation of the hope. (希望的实物表现) 符合以上说法，故选 A 项。 【7 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其是第二段的 She explained that these bulbs we
24、re put into the ground in the fall and lay sleeping all winter. They had all the nutrients they needed inside the bulb and would come out in the spring. When you see the leaves of the tiny flowers pushing toward the sun, youll know that its almost time for your son to come home. (她说这些郁金香球茎秋天种下，整个冬天都
25、在土里。它们的球茎内有生长所需的营养物 质，到了春天的就会从土里出来。当你看到这些小花的叶子朝着太阳的方向生长时，你就知道你的儿子差 不多该回家了)可知，本文主要讲述了冬天种下的郁金香球茎在春天会长出来，这也意味着作者的儿子快要 回来，即花代表着作者儿子回来的希望。B. Planting hope in winter. (在冬天种下希望)可以作为本文标题，故 选 B 项。 C Every time a new year is coming, people set out to better themselves. They promise they will lose weight, find
26、 a new job, or maybe even take that vacation theyve always talked about. But why do we make these promises to ourselves, and where did this tradition come from? Why does this tradition live on when so many people fail to keep the resolutions(决定) they made? Well, we can start by blaming the ancient B
27、abylonians. Around 4,000 years ago in Babylon, the earliest recorded celebration honoring the coming of a new year was held. Calendars werent as they are today, so the Babylonians did it in late March during the first new moon after the Spring Equinox(春分). The festivities were meant for the rebirth
28、of the sun god, but the Babylonians made promises in order to please their gods. They felt this would help them start the new year off well. Resolutions continued on with the Romans. When the early Roman calendar no longer synced(同步) up with the sun, Julius Caesar decided to make a change. He consul
29、ted with the best astronomers and mathematicians of the time and introduced the Julian calendar, which more closely represents the modern calendar we use today. Caesar declared January 1 the first day of the year to honor the god of new beginnings, Janus. The Romans celebrated the New Year by offeri
30、ng sacrifices to Janus. To this day, the traditions of the ancient Babylonians and Romans continue around the world. So much that Google launched a Resolution Map in 2013 where people could add resolutions and see others adding theirs in real time. However, no matter how many people participated in
31、Googles project, the numbers are bleak when it comes to the number of people who maintain their resolutions-only eight percent of people are successful in sticking them out. 8. Why did the ancient Babylonians make promises to their gods? A. To honor the god of new beginnings. B. To observe the rebir
32、th of the sun god and please him. C. To honor the coming of a new year and satisfy their gods. D. To please their gods and hope for a good start of the year. 9. What can we know about the tradition of the New Years resolutions? A. The tradition of making New Years resolutions will soon die. B. A lot
33、 of people dont feel like making New Years resolutions. C. Julius Caesar made January 1 the first day of a year on his own. D. The history of making New Years resolutions is not well known. 10. What does the underlined word “bleak” in the last paragraph mean? A. Large. B. Unpleasant. C. Encouraging.
34、 D. Hopeful. 11. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. How Making New Years Resolutions Came Into Being? B. The Ancient Babylonians and the Romans C. The Change of Roman Calendars D. How People Better Themselves 【答案】8. D 9. D 10. B 11. A 【解析】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是人们许下新年愿望这一传统的由来以
35、及现状。 【8 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后 the Babylonians made promises in order to please their gods. They felt this would help them start the new year off well 可知巴比伦人为了取悦他们的神做出了承诺，他们觉得这会帮助他 们在新的一年里有一个好的开始。故选 D。 【9 题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段可知，作者写文章的目的是要阐明新年许愿这一传统的由来，可以推断出有 很多人对此是不了解的。 根据文章最后一段中的To this day, the tradit
36、ions of the ancient Babylonians and Romans continue around the world可知这一传统会持续下去的，A 项错误；根据文章第一句可看出，人们还是很 喜欢许新年愿望的，B项错误；根据文章第三段提供的信息可知 Julius Caesar 做出改变时参考了天文学家和 数学家的意见，C项错误。故选 D。 【10 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据前文的 no matter how many和后文的 only eight percent of people are successful in sticking them out 可知许下新年愿望的人很多
37、，但真正实现的人却很少，这一数量“不容乐观”，故选 B。 【11 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段 But why do we make these promises to ourselves, and where did this tradition come from? Why does this tradition live on when so many people fail to keep the resolutions(决定) they made? Well, we can start by blaming the ancient Babylonians.及全文内容可知，文章
38、主要讲述新年愿望这一传统的历史渊源， A 项表述最契合文章主旨，故选 A。 D Imagine your clothing could release enough heat to keep you warm and cozy, allowing you to stay comfortable in a cooler room. Or, picture a car windshield that stores the suns energy and then releases it as heat to make the ice on the windshield disappear. Acc
39、ording to a team of researchers at MIT, both cases may be possible before long, thanks to a new material that can store solar energy during the day and release it later as heat. This transparent polymer film could be applied to many different surfaces, such as window glass or clothing. Solar energy
40、is only available about half the time we need it during daylight. For the sun to become a major power provider for human needs, there has to be an efficient way to save it up for use during nighttime and stormy days. Most such efforts have focused on storing and recovering solar energy in the form o
41、f electricity, but the new finding, by MlI professor Jeffrey Grossman, Postdoc David Zhitomirsky and graduate student Eugene Cho, could provide a highly efficient method for storing the suns energy through a chemical reaction and releasing it later as heat. The key to enabling long-term, stable stor
42、age of solar heat, the team said, is to store it in the form of a chemical change rather than storing the heat itself. But heat will disappear over time no matter how good the material around it is, so the team set up a chemical storage system that can keep the energy in a stable molecular configura
43、tion. When exposed to sunlight, the molecules can stay that way for long periods Then, when triggered (触发)by a very specific temperature or something else, the molecules return to their original shape , giving off heat in the process. Such chemically-based storage materials, known as Solar Thermal F
44、uels(STF), have been developed before. But those earlier efforts were designed to be used in liquid solutions and not able to make durable (耐用的) solid-state films. The new approach is the first based on a solid-state material, in this case a polymer, and the first based on inexpensive materials and
45、widespread production technology. 12. What is the main purpose of Paragraph 1? A. To show the main idea of the passage. B. To practice readers imagination. C. To interest readers in the passage. D. To introduce a new kind of material. 13. According to the passage, what can the polymer film do? A. It
46、 can be made into window glass. B. It can make necessary electricity. C. It can store energy and release sunshine. D. It can absorb sunshine and give off heat. 14. According to the passage, what is STF based on? A. The chemical reaction. B. The movement of heat. C. The form of electricity. D. The ph
47、ysical reaction. 15. What is the advantage of the molecular configuration? A. It is less expensive. B. It is very powerful. C. It is easily available. D. It is less changeable. 【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. D 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新型材料，它可以通过自身吸热并储存热量，之后能够根据需要释 放热。 【12 题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章的整体结构，和第一段的 Imagine
48、your clothing could release enough heat to keep you warm and cozy, allowing you to stay comfortable in a cooler room. Or, picture a car windshield that stores the suns energy and then releases it as heat to make the ice on the windshield disappear. (想象一下你的衣服可以释放足够 的热量让你温暖和舒适，让你可以在冰冷的房间里保持舒适。或者，再想象一下
49、车的挡风玻璃可以储存太 阳的能量，然后释放热量使挡风玻璃上的冰消失)可推测，本段以衣服和骑车挡风玻璃为例，提到了如果衣 服能够吸热和放热、汽车的挡风玻璃能够吸热和自动除冰那该是多么好的事，以此来吸引对着对本文的兴 趣。C. To interest readers in the passage.(为了让读者对文章感兴趣)符合以上说法，故选 C 项。 【13 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的 thanks to a new material that can store solar energy during the day and release it later as heat. This transparent polymer film could be applied to many different surfaces, such as window glass or clothing. (多 亏了这种能在白天吸热之后以热能形式释放的新型材料，这个透明的聚合物膜可以应用于许多不同的表面， 如窗户玻璃或服装)可知，这种聚合物膜可以吸热，此后再以热能的形式释放出来。D. It can absorb sunshine