1、高考高考英语英语任务型阅读任务型阅读专项练习专项练习 A A 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个 最恰当的单词。注意：每个 空格只填一个单词。 Public SpeakingPublic Speaking Public speaking can be defined as the act of making a speech in front of a group of listeners. Compared with conversation, usually public speaking is more of a “oneway” talking. Ther
2、e are three types of public speaking. An informative speech has a purpose to inform, or give knowledge to its audience about something that they probably did not know before. The important thing to watch is not to put in too much information. Besides, the speaker would try to change the mindset, per
3、ception, or behavior of the audience for their own good. The speaker needs to look for common ground with the audience and try to relate to what they might agree on. The last type is a ceremonial speech. It tends to be less formal and more personal than the other types of speeches. No matter how wel
4、l you know the person you are giving speech about, try not to say bad things about them, even if it is meant to be a joke. The key to perfecting anything is through practice, including public speaking. Aside from it, a speaker is to know who the audience will be. Try to get as much information as po
5、ssible regarding this particular area. Knowing the “battlefield” in advance will give the speakers a huge advantage. They would be able to plan beforehand, for example, where they want to stand, and how they are going to face the audience. Last, as is mentioned above, practice is necessary. Sparing
6、some time to practice will help build confidence and help determine how long the presentation will last. Language is the main aspect a speaker needs to pay attention to while giving a speech. It needs to be used clearly. A speaker needs to choose their words carefully and make it clear to the audien
7、ce what they mean by it. Often, when given a speech, the audience look to the speaker to give them something new and useful. Thus, the speaker needs to know how to deliver their speech to fulfill the audiences expectations. Language and delivery alone will not be sufficient if the speaker does not h
8、ave the body language. The movement and gesture of a speaker also affect the audience. For example, if the speaker keeps pacing around the room, it will distract the audience from the topic and confuse them. When speaking in front of a small audience, you can look briefly from one person to another,
9、 but in a larger audience, it is not better to do so. While closing the speech or presentation, speakers can restate their main points, just to remind the audience of the important things that have been said. They can also end it with a special message and encourage the audience to ask questions. Pu
10、blic SpeakingPublic Speaking A common phenomenon In public speaking, often a speaker gives a talk, others just listening, without 1._ information. Types of public speaking An informative speech is to 2._ the audience with an appropriate brand new knowledge. A persuasive speech is used to convince th
11、e audience. Therefore, finding 3_ between a speaker and the audience is important. A ceremonial speech is relatively 4._ and private. However, dont say bad things even if they are acquaintances. Making 5_for the speech Know the listeners identities and get much information about the topic. Know how
12、the “battlefield” is 6._ out in advance to plan beforehand. Spare time to practice to build confidence and decide the 7._ of the presentation. Public SpeakingPublic Speaking Presenting the speech 8._ using ambiguous words and know how to meet the audiences expectations. Use the body language, 9._ gl
13、ancing at a small audience from one person to another. Restate important points when closing the speech to give the audience a deep 10._ End a speech or presentation with a special message and encourage the audience to ask questions. 答案：1.exchanging/swapping 2.provide/equip 3similarity/similarities
14、4.informal/casual 5preparations 6.laid 7.length/duration/time 8Avoid 9.like 10.impression B B 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个 最恰当的单词。注意：每个 空格只填一个单词。 Emojis Catch Fire; Creators Seek IP Emojis Catch Fire; Creators Seek IP ProtectionProtection Emojis(表情符号) are part and parcel of a great many messages
15、 exchanged by users of instant message apps, social media, email and the like. As the latest form of intellectual property(IP) in China, they are turning out to be a moneyspinner and also an IP worth further protection in China. Consider Rumi, a pandalike emoji, which has been downloaded on social m
16、edia more than 340 million times, representing more than one fourth of Chinas entire population. More and more users love to use emojis because they help spice up their messages with slick meanings, moods or states of mind that are best expressed quickly, not in words, but through interesting or fun
17、ny images. Not only do they use, they also tip. Chinas largest social media platform WeChat told China Daily that more than 6.9 million users tipped emoji artists in 2017, part of nearly 14 million yuan($2 million) in all. It can be handsome return. Zhang Xuchen, 39, a parttime emoji creator from Ti
18、anjin, said that he earned a good income of the tens of thousands of yuan a year simply through tipping from customers, which supplements(贴补) his job as a forklift truck driver. StarMoly, founded in 2016, is the developer of Rumi. It owns more than 30 emojis, which have been downloaded more than 1.4
19、 billion times. “Driven by the wide use of social media in nearly every corner in China, emojis are undoubtedly a promising IP，” said Lin Dongdong, president of StarMoly. Unlike traditional IPs, the companys emojis will change their costumes and status according to different situations, which brings
20、 the digitalbased images alive. StarMoly has also cooperated with a great number of companies to develop its IPs. It has authorized its emojis to The Shape of Water, an Oscarwinning film, to use them in domestic publicity. “To protect our IPs, we select our partners with great caution. We only choos
21、e those wellknown and highquality brands including Lays, Microsoft, Discovery and Taobao to make sure that our IPs are protected，” Lin said, noting that there are indeed many cases of abuse and piracy in the emojis and their related sectors in China. “Emojis are very likely to be pirated because mos
22、t of them are in digital forms, which are very easy to be copied and used again，” said Cheng Yanbo, an analyst. “Besides, it is a brandnew and wild area that is not effectively supervised(监管)” A good example, he said, is the facepalm emoji, one of the countrys most widespread characters. It was rece
23、ntly registered as a trademark by a clothing maker from Zhejiang province instead of the emojis creator, WeChat. “To protect these emoji IPs, related rules and regulations are needed to protect the IP rights of both creators and companies，” he said, adding that education on the subject is supposed t
24、o keep up. Passage OutlinePassage Outline Supporting DetailsSupporting Details Introduction Emojis, instant messages used online, bring in a large fortune to creators and 1._ further IP protection as well. Reasons for emojis 2._ Emojis help users 3._ their meanings, moods, or states of mind more qui
25、ckly than words. Emojis help create interesting， exciting and funny images. 4._ in point Rumi, an emoji 5._ like a panda, has been downloaded by over a quarter of Chinas entire population. Zhang Xuchen created emojis parttime but earned a good income because customers 6._ him. The president of StarM
26、oly, which 7._ Rumi, recognizes emojis as a promising IP. Problems with emojis Emojis are very likely to be pirated because the 8._ of them are in digital forms. There is a(n) 9._ of effective supervision because its a brandnew industry. Solution Related rules and regulations are needed to protect t
27、he IP rights of both creators and companies, and education should 10._ closely. 答案：1.deserve 2.popularity/currency 3.express/convey 4.Cases 5.looking 6.tipped 7.developed/created/produced/made 8.majority 9lack/shortage/absence 10.follow C C When you listen to artists like JayZ, or Common, just the t
28、hought of freestyle rap might be frightening enough to make your shy away. Scientific research shows that rap might offer you an opportunity for selfexploration and expression. Besides, freestyle rap might improve your brains creative power, too, and when it does, it can free you from boredom and re
29、lax you from everyday tasks. Heres how. In a study, brain researcher Siyuan Liu and his colleagues compared freestyle rap and rehearsed rap of native English speakers to see how their brains operated under both conditions. When you perform a rehearsed act, the lateral prefrontal cortex(PFC)(额叶前皮层),
30、which is instrumental in thought control and recall, is activated. But they found that for more spontaneous(自发的) singing, the lateral PFC is not activated because you rely more on strong emotions to find the right language without the distraction of prepared melodies. When trying to complete a task,
31、 your focused brain is essential. But for creativity, your brain must go into regrouping mode to avoid habits and form new ideas. Freestyle rap will train you to access this capacity in your brain. During this rap study, leftsided brain regions which are responsible for language and movement were al
32、so activated. These regions are usually activated by the act of speaking, so there was no surprise that rapping had the same effect. However, freestyle rap causes these regions to be activated above normal, which indicates that something special occurs. Freestyle rap requires you to find novel words
33、 and phrases that rhyme. This search for unique language patterns is a way to train your brain to become more creative. However, words are not all the same. By making freestyle rap part of your everyday routine, you will add emotional weight to your words, allowing you to communicate in a more effec
34、tive and accurate way. The rehearsed and freestyle rappers in the study had no difference in movement. They produced the same number of syllables, and the primary movement areas in the brain were similar in both groups. However, there was greater involvement of secondary movement areas in freestyle
35、rap. When secondary movement areas engage, the movement is more enriched. This is similar to the way an inspired figure skater moves as opposed to that of a wellrehearsed skater who goes on technically but without the same beautiful sense of timing. Secondary movement in rap reflects the demand for
36、rap speed, the rushed need to find the best words, and the way such words fit with a rhythm. Consequently, when you want to express yourself at greater speed to catch someones attention or create a bigger impact in a meeting or something like that, your essay in freestyle rap can be of great help to
37、 you. To understand the connections between the different brain regions, the researchers of the study expanded to further analyses. The results indicated that freestyle rap requires the brain to access special regions involved with emotion and motivation. This makes sense when you think about the em
38、otional intensity(强度) behind JayZs rap tracks that require him to process information and storylines. In this way, freestyle rap reminds you to invest in what you truly care about. Rather than functioning like a robot in your daytoday life, you can put your unique spin on things. Benefits of freesty
39、le rap It might enable you to explore and express yourself. It may empower your brain with creativity. It can help you 1._ yourself of boredom and daily tasks. Four waysfreestyle rap 2_ a betteryou You learn to let go Unlike rehearsed rap, performing freestyle rap 3._ to activate the lateral PFC. Wh
40、en completing freestyle rap, you turn to your emotions and your brain becomes more focused. Freestyle rap trains your brain to be creativeno longer under the 4._ of your habits and forming new ideas. You gain 5_ to powerful words Freestyle rap can also activate your brain regions 6._ for language an
41、d movement. With freestyle rap, you need to search for novel words and phrases in rhyme. Freestyle rap helps give emotional weight to your words, allowing you to communicate effectively and accurately. You become a fascinating speaker Besides the primary movement areas7._ in both rapper groups, seco
42、ndary movement areas are more activated in freestyle rap. Secondary movement in rap signals the need for speed, word selection and ways to make words arranged in rhyme. Your attempt at freestyle rap can 8._ you in attracting others on occasions like a meeting. You find emotional richness and motivat
43、ion Freestyle rap requires the brain to access special regions concerning emotion and motivation. Freestyle rap makes 9._ on rappers to process information and storylines. Freestyle rap reminds you to devote yourself to what really 10._ you. 答案：1.rid 2.unlocks/makes 3.fails 4.control 5access 6.respo
44、nsible 7.involvement 8.benefit 9demands 10.interests D D Generally speaking, people often quickly return to a set level of happiness despite lifes ups and downs. For instance, people who win the lottery(彩票抽奖) tend to return to roughly their original level of happiness after the novelty of the win ha
45、s worn off. The same is true for those who are in major accidents and lose the use of their legs. The change in the ability can be damaging at first, but people generally return to their preaccident levels of happiness after the habituation period. This phenomenon is called hedonic adaptation(享乐适应)
46、There are activities that are more or less affected by hedonic adaptation. Some of these activities are known as pleasures. They can lift your mood and leave you feeling great, but their effects can be relatively temporary. Whats more, we get used to them relatively quickly. If you have the same mea
47、l every day for a week, for example, you may find it to be less pleasurable by the end of the week. Satisfactions are also such activities affected by hedonic adaptation. They can get us into a feeling of “flow” where we dont notice the passage of time and are thoroughly devoted to what were doing.
48、Satisfactions are activities that require more effort and thought, but the payoff is higher as well. The more we devote, the more we enjoy! Knowing that pleasures are temporary in their effects may make them seem less worth the effort than satisfactions. There are reasons why they can be perfect for certain situations, however. First, they bring a quick lift in the mood without a great deal of effort. This is actually quite valuable because there is significant research that shows that a lift in the mo