1、模拟高考强化练模拟高考强化练 练模拟 .阅读理解 In recent years，car manufacturers(制造商) have been put under pressure to invent a vehicle that is both cheaper to run and better for the environment. One of the first ideas that car manufacturers tried was to replace engines which run on fossil(化石) fuels with electric motors.U
2、nfortunately，these vehicles had several disadvantages and they didnt sell very well.The problems were that the batteries of these electric cars ran out very quickly and took a long time to recharge. However，car manufacturers have improved the concept.This is where the hybrid car，which has both an el
3、ectric motor and a traditional petrol engine，comes in.The electric motor never needs to be recharged and it is much better for the planet than a traditional car. In a hybrid car，the engine is controlled by a computer which determines whether the car runs on petrol， electricity， or both.When the car
4、needs maximum power， for example， if it is accelerating or climbing a steep hill，it uses all of its resources(资源)，but at steady speeds it runs only on petrol.When slowing down or breaking，the electric motor recharges its batteries. Hybrid cars are better for the environment because they have a much
5、smaller engine than a traditional car.Also，hybrid cars on the market are made using materials such as aluminum and carbon fiber，which makes them extremely light.Both of them mean that they use less petrol than normal cars，so they produce less pollution. Of course，hybrid cars arent perfect; they stil
6、l run on fossil fuels and so pollute the environment to a certain degree.However，they may be the first step along the road to cleaner， “greener” cars.Car manufacturers are already working on vehicles which run on hydrogen giving off harmless water vapor.It looks like we might be heading in the right
7、 direction. 语篇解读 本文介绍了一种由电脑操控引擎、经济环保的混合动力汽车。 1.What can we know about the vehicles which ran on electric motors? A.They moved very fast. B.They were unpopular. C.Their engines were often replaced. D.Their engines were expensive. 答案 B 解析 推理判断题。根据第二段第二、三句“Unfortunately，these vehicles had several disad
8、vantages and they didnt sell very well.The problems were that the batteries of these electric cars ran out very quickly and took a long time to recharge.”可知， 这种电动汽车的电池很快就耗 尽了，而且充电需要花很长时间，所以不受欢迎卖得不好。故选 B。 2.How does the computer in a hybrid car function? A.It keeps the car running steadily. B.It dire
9、cts the car to climb hills. C.It decides where to power the car. D.It controls how the car uses power. 答案 D 解析 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“In a hybrid car，the engine is controlled by a computer which determines whether the car runs on petrol，electricity，or both.”可知，混合动力车的电脑 决定该车是使用汽油、电力还是两者兼用。故选 D。 3.What does t
10、he underlined part refer to in Paragraph 5? A.Cars smaller engine and special materials. B.Electric motor and petrol engine. C.Hybrid car and hydrogen car. D.Aluminum and carbon fiber. 答案 A 解析 代词指代题。根据第五段中的“they have a much smaller engine than a traditional car” 及“using materials such as aluminum an
11、d carbon fiber，which makes them extremely light”可知， 更小的发动机和特殊的建造材料使混合动力车省油，所以 Both of them 指的是这两者，故选 A。 4.Whats the best title for the text? A.Cars Engines B.Car Pollution C.Green Cars D.Cars Advantages 答案 C 解析 标题归纳题。文章介绍了一种由电脑操控引擎、经济环保的混合动力汽车。C 项(绿色 环保车)概括了其主要优点，适合作为本文标题。 .七选五 (2018 山西 45 校高三联考) Ho
12、w to Drive Greener Buying green can produce great benefits and so can small changes in your driving behavior. 5 Avoid aggressive driving.Sudden starts and aggressive driving can waste your gas. 6 Thats because just one second of high-powered driving can produce the same level of CO as 30 minutes of
13、normal driving. 7 A lot of us like to push the speedometer up to 75 miles per hour on the highway.However，slowing down to 65 miles per hour can increase your fuel economy by up to 10 percent and reduce the amount of pollution coming from your car. Plan ahead.When possible，plan your trips to avoid th
14、e stop-and-go of rush hour.And remember to pack all of your tasks into one trip since a warmed-up engine produces fewer emissions(排放物). Pay attention at the gas station.Dont overfill your gas tank or try to top it off because spilled gas changes into mixture of fog and smoke and can pollute groundwa
15、ter.When you are finished filling up，be sure you tighten your gas cap. 8 Park smart.Parking your car in the shade not only helps you avoid feeling very hot in your car， but it helps minimize evaporation (蒸发) of fuel. 9 By walking，cycling or public transport，you will make a big difference for our pla
16、net.Leave your car at home just two days a week.And you will help cut greenhouse gas emissions by 1,500 pounds a year. A.Change the oil. B.Slow down. C.Leave your car at home. D.And this type of driving behavior adds to pollution. E.In this way you can save as much as 30 gallons a year. F.The follow
17、ing advice can help you save gas and contribute to the well-being of our planet. G.Parking in your garage when possible to cut down on summer heat and keep off frost in the winter. 语篇解读 文章主要讲述了如何绿色驾驶并给出了几点建议。 5.答案 F 解析 根据下文的六个小标题可知， 此处是起着承上启下的作用， 故选 F 项(下面的建议可以 帮助你节约汽油，促进地球的健康)。 6.答案 D 解析 根据下文“Thats
18、 because just one second of high-powered driving can produce the same level of CO as 30 minutes of normal driving.”可知，这种类型的行驶会对环境造成污染。故选 D(这种类型的驾驶行为会增加污染)。 7.答案 B 解析 根据下文“However，slowing down to 65 miles per hour can increase your fuel economy by up to 10 percent and reduce the amount of pollution c
19、oming from your car.”可知，该段主要讲 述的是减速。故选 B。 8.答案 E 解析 根据上文“Dont overfill your gas tank or try to top it off because spilled gas changes into mixture of fog and smoke and can pollute groundwater.When you are finished filling up，be sure you tighten your gas cap.”可知，这样可以节省能源。前后为因果关系。故选 E(用这种方 式你可以节省高达 30
20、 加仑一年)。 9.答案 C 解析 根据下文“Leave your car at home just two days a week.And you will help cut greenhouse gas emissions by 1,500 pounds a year.”可知，本段建议人们绿色出行，故选 C(把你的车留在 家里)。 过高考 .完形填空 (2016 四川) Lainey finished third grade.She had good grades and could read 10 grade level， but she did not like to read.On
21、a family car trip， her Aunt Dede pulled out a copy of Harry Potter， as a surprise for her 11 .But Lainey took one look at it， 12 her eyes，and said，“Borrrring！” Aunt Dede， a teacher， had read the book to her students， and they loved it. 13 the youngest children in the class were 14 by the story.They
22、15 with great interest and then 16 joined in grand conversations about Harrys adventures. “How can you say its 17 ？ Have you read it？” asked Aunt Dede. “No，its too long and it doesnt have any 18 ，” complained Lainey. “Oh， thats where you are 19 ， there are lots of pictures.Every page is full of pict
23、ures； you just have to read the words to 20 them.Its like magic.” “Nice try，Aunt Dede，” Lainey replied 21 from the back seat. Another 22 was in order.“Well，if you dont want to read it，give it 23 .Maybe your mom would 24 hearing the story.” The book sailed through the air to Aunt Dede and she began t
24、o read it aloud.By the end of the first chapter 25 were coming from the back seat： “Please read a little 26 .” Lainey is an example of an 27 reader.As shown here，Lainey can become 28 about reading when 29 with literature on topics that interest her，and when the people around her model involvement in
25、 the reading process. 语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。 Lainey 完成三年级学业， 可以阅读高于年级平均水平的读物， Aunt Dede 给她一本哈利 波特让她读，然而她并不感兴趣。但听了姑姑读完第一章后， 她开始对这本书感兴趣了。果然，孩子的读书习惯需要加以引导。 10.A.within B.on C.to D.above 答案 D 解析 根据空格前的“She had good grades.”可知，莱内学习成绩不错，由此可推知她可以 阅读超出其年级水平的书。within 在里面；on 在上面；to 到，往；above 在之 上，超出。 11.A.daughter B.
26、niece C.student D.friend 答案 B 解析 根据空格前的“her Aunt Dede”可知，德德是莱内的姑姑，故莱内应该是其侄女。 daughter 女儿；niece 侄女，外甥女；student 学生；friend 朋友。 12.A.opened B.dried C.rolled D.shaded 答案 C 解析 由空后的“Borrrring！”及下文莱内的一系列表现来看，莱内不想读姑姑给她的书。 此处描写莱内看到书时的反应， rolled her eyes 意为“翻白眼”， 表现出莱内对这本书的不屑。 open 打开；dry 使变干；roll 转动，滚动；shade
27、遮蔽，使阴暗。 13.A.Even B.Still C.Just D.Yet 答案 A 解析 上文说她的学生们喜欢这本书，再由该空后面的 the youngest children 及 with great interest 可知，甚至班上最小的孩子也被这个故事所吸引。even 甚至；still 仍旧；just 仅仅， 刚刚；yet 尚，还，但是。 14.A.surprised B.annoyed C.puzzled D.attracted 答案 D 解析 由空格后面的“.with great interest 及 joined in grand conversations.”可以看出，班上
28、的孩子都被这个故事吸引住了。surprise 使惊讶；annoy 使恼怒；puzzle 迷惑；attract 吸引。 15.A.read B.told C.listened D.wrote 答案 C 解析 由该段第一句话中的“had read the book to her students”及空格前的 They 可知，德德 姑姑曾将这个故事读给班上的学生听，孩子们饶有兴趣地倾听。read 阅读；tell 告诉；listen 听；write 写。 16.A.sadly B.anxiously C.calmly D.enthusiastically 答案 D 解析 由该段前文中的 they lo
29、ved it 及 with great interest 可以看出， 孩子们对这个故事非常感 兴趣，所以会热情地加入关于哈利冒险的讨论中。sadly 悲伤地；anxiously 焦虑地；calmly 镇静地，平静地；enthusiastically 热情地，热心地。 17.A.amazing B.boring C.ridiculous D.humorous 答案 B 解析 由前文莱内看到书时的反应及后文莱内抱怨故事太长可以看出，莱内觉得这本书很乏 味。amazing 令人惊异的；boring 乏味的，令人厌烦的；ridiculous 荒谬可笑的；humorous 幽 默的。 18.A.pict
30、ures B.stories C.adventures D.conversations 答案 A 解析 由下一段中的“.there are lots of pictures.”可以看出， 莱内抱怨书中没有插图。 picture 图画；story 故事；adventure 冒险，奇遇；conversation 对话。 19.A.crazy B.foolish C.wrong D.different 答案 C 解析 由空格后的“.there are lots of pictures.”可知，这本书中有很多插图，而非莱内认为 的没有图画。 在这一点上莱内是错误的。 crazy 疯狂的； foolis
31、h 愚蠢的； wrong 错误的； different 不同的。 20.A.see B.match C.show D.recognize 答案 A 解析 空格后的 them 指代前文中的 pictures。德德姑姑的意思是，要想看这些图画，需要先 把书中的文字读一下。see 看到；match 与相匹配；show 展示；recognize 认出。 21.A.sourly B.patiently C.eagerly D.shyly 答案 A 解析 由该段空格前的 Nice try(得了吧，少来了)及下一段德德姑姑说的话“Well，if you dont want to read it.”可以看出，
32、 虽然德德姑姑极力推荐莱内读这本书， 但莱内并不买账， 所以她回答姑姑时并不高兴。sourly 没好气地，愠怒地；patiently 耐心地；eagerly 渴望地； shyly 羞涩地。 22.A.idea B.try C.belief D.behavior 答案 B 解析 由该段后文内容可以看出，为了说服莱内读书，德德姑姑想进行另一次尝试。idea 主 意，想法；try 尝试；belief 相信，信仰；behavior 行为。 23.A.away B.out C.in D.back 答案 D 解析 前文提到德德姑姑给了莱内这本书，而该段后文又提到“The book sailed throu
33、gh the air to Aunt Dede.”，由此可以看出，德德姑姑是让莱内将书归还(give back)给她。 24.A.enjoy B.admit C.mind D.finish 答案 A 解析 德德姑姑让莱内归还书。 理由是莱内的妈妈可能会喜欢听这个故事。 enjoy 喜欢， 享受； admit 承认，容纳，允许进入；mind 介意；finish 完成，结束。 25.A.decisions B.requests C.comments D.promises 答案 B 解析 由该段后文引号里的“Please read a little .”可知，这是莱内对姑姑的请求。 decision
34、 决定；request 请求，要求；comment 评论；promise 许诺，承诺。 26.A.more clearly B.longer C.louder D.more carefully 答案 C 解析 由上下文可知，听姑姑读完第一章后莱内对这本书也产生了兴趣，所以要求姑姑阅读 的声音大一点。more clearly 更清楚；longer 更长；louder 更大声；more carefully 更仔细。 27.A.unpleasant B.innocent C.unwilling D.independent 答案 C 解析 由前文可知，莱内最初对这本书心生抗拒，但后来在姑姑的影响下逐渐
35、产生了兴趣， 故莱内应该是一个不情愿的读者。unpleasant 令人不愉快的，讨厌的；innocent 无辜的，天真 的；unwilling 不情愿的；independent 独立的。 28.A.astonished B.worried C.confused D.excited 答案 D 解析 由前后文可以看出，莱内最初不喜欢读这本书，但在德德姑姑的影响下，她对阅读这 本书感到兴奋。astonished 惊讶的；worried 感到担心的；confused 感到迷惑的；excited 感到 兴奋的。 29.A.presented B.concerned C.disturbed D.repla
36、ced 答案 A 解析 由前后文可知，当阅读被以其感兴趣的文学话题呈现出来，当她周围的人以身作则， 沉浸在阅读过程中时，她也会变得对阅读感到兴奋。present 呈现，递交；concern 涉及，使 担心；disturb 扰乱，使不安；replace 代替。 .语法填空 (2019 全国) The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland.While they are rare north of 88 ，there is evidence 30.t
37、hat they range all the way across the Arctic，and as far south as James Bay in Canada.It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been 31.poorly(poor) studied；however， biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide. Modern m
38、ethods 32.of/for tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s，and are expensive 33.to perform(perform) consistently over a large area.In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut 34.have reported(report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements，leading to a
39、 35.belief(believe) that populations are increasing.Scientists have responded by 36.noting(note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements，leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are 37.higher(high) than they actually are.Of 38.the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations，three are declining，six 39.are(be) stable，one is increasing，and nine lack enough data.