1、Warm-up & Lesson 1 Living in a CommunityLanguage Points 基础巩固 .单词拼写 1When I tell someone I will not betray(背叛) his trust，I will keep my word. 2He is so stubborn that he never compromises(妥协) with anybody. 3The soldiers were warned to remain hidden and not to expose(暴露) themselves. 4For convenience，we
2、 may classify(分类) the students into four groups. 5Marriage is，first of all，a contract which must be governed by justice(公平) 6Its a good idea to give adolescents(青少年) a little more information than they ask for. 7I bought a recipe(食谱) book for my mother on her birthday. 8As a matter of fact，their dec
3、ision was based on ignorance and prejudice(偏见) 9The old soldier walked to the memorial(纪念碑) and bent down. 10I hear that the traveler will stay in our village for fortnight(两星期) .选词填空 hand over，out of control，get rid of，be exposed to，in a flash 11Suddenly，the bus was out of control and ran into a bi
4、g tree. 12He looked up，only to find that the picture disappeared in a flash. 13Once you addict yourself to drugs，you wont get rid of them easily. 14As a reporter in the war，she was exposed to the wind，rain and danger. 15When the policemen arrived，she handed the bag over to them. .单句语法填空 16They were
5、classified into different groups according to what they knew. 17I was about to give up when my parents gave me a lot of encouragement. 18Weve been working hard to overcome prejudice against women in politics. 19We simply cannot compromise on the question of human rights. 20Immigration(immigrate) fro
6、m the Caribbean was at its height in the 1950s. 21The report claimed that racial(race) prejudice was still widespread. 22On his departure(depart) from his house，he began to realize how much he loved his family. .句型转换 23She was playing in the park and at that time it began to rain heavily. She was pl
7、aying in the park when it began to rain heavily. 24The girl found that she had been betrayed by her best friend. The girl found herself betrayed by her best friend. 25If I had seen the film，I would have told you about it. Had I seen the film，I would have told you about it. 26Hardly had he arrived at
8、 the station when he called up his mother. No sooner had he arrived at the station than he called up his mother. 能力提升 .阅读理解 Many cities and towns have laws that require people to recycle paper and plastics.Now some states and local governments have passed laws that require citizens to recycle their
9、food waste as well.California and Vermont have statewide laws about recycling food waste that apply to businesses and homes.The process of recycling food waste and turning it into usable soil is called composting(堆制肥料) Food waste that can be composted includes fruit and vegetable peels， coffee groun
10、ds， tea bags， and eggshells.Garden waste such as stems and leaves can also be composted.Meat，fish，and dairy food waste cannot be recycled. According to environmental groups，composting reduces the amount of trash going into landfills(垃圾填埋池)，and composted waste holds a wide range of nutrients.When com
11、post is added to the soil in gardens and fields，it helps crops grow. Reducing the amount of waste that goes into landfills is one reason why cities and states are passing food-waste recycling laws.“Our landfills are far from enough for the creation of new ones is shrinking，” Renee Crowley，a project
12、manager said. Officials in Seattle，Washington，say that food waste makes up 30% of the trash going into landfills，and they are looking to reduce that percentage.That city has a law requiring people to recycle food waste.It is banned from all garbage.There is a fine for people who put it into regular
13、garbage. Crowley points out that even in cities where food recycling is not a law，there are often places where citizens can drop off their food waste for composting.Many schools and colleges have also started composting programs. Those who are against food-recycling laws say that the composting proc
14、ess is costly.In addition，it can be difficult for people who live in apartments to store their waste because they dont have access to outside storage bins.Patti Ferguson from Orange County， California， told the local newspaper that she thought an indoor container containing food waste would get smel
15、ly. 语篇解读 很多城市制定了法律要求市民循环利用纸类和塑料，现在美国一些州通过法律让 市民们循环利用食物垃圾。食物堆制的肥料可以减少垃圾、保留营养成分、帮助庄稼或花园 植物成长。当然，也有反对的声音认为在室内摆放装有食物垃圾的容器有异味。 27What do we know about composting from the text? AIt is cheap to compost food waste. BNot all food waste can be reused. CNot all soil can be composted. DIt is usually processed
16、in empty landfills. 答案 B 解析 推理判断题。根据第二段可知，不是所有的食物都能堆制成肥料的，比如肉类、鱼类 和奶制品垃圾就不可循环。故选 B。 28What is the third paragraph mainly about? AWays of keeping nutrients in the soil. BWays of reducing the amount of trash. CBenefits of recycling food waste. DExamples of different useful nutrients. 答案 C 解析 段落大意题。根据第
17、三段内容可知，环保小组称堆制肥料可以减少垃圾、保留营养成 分、帮助庄稼或花园植物成长，这些都是堆制肥料的优点。故选 C。 29In Seattle，throwing food waste into garbage is . Aillegal Bshameful Crequired Dacceptable 答案 A 解析 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“That city has a law requiring people to recycle food waste.It is banned from all garbage.There is a fine for people who put i
18、t into regular garbage.”可 知，在西雅图，往垃圾桶丢弃食物垃圾是违法的，对这一类人要罚款。故选 A。 30Patti Fergusons attitude towards food-recycling laws is probably . Athankful Bsupportive Cuncaring Dnegative 答案 D 解析 观点态度题。根据最后一段可知，Patti Ferguson 认为在室内存放有食物垃圾的容器会 有异味。由此可推知，她对该法案持反对态度。故选 D。 .完形填空 You may be surprised to see “making su
19、re children never suffer” as a mistake.The following 31 may help you understand how rescuing children from all suffering 32 weakness. A little boy felt sorry for a butterfly 33 to emerge from its chrysalis(蛹)He decided to 34 the butterfly.So he peeled the chrysalis open for the butterfly.The little
20、boy was so 35 to watch the butterfly spread its wings and fly off into the sky.Then he was horrified 36 he watched the butterfly fall to the ground and die because it did not have the muscle and 37 to keep flying.In fact，the butterflys struggle to 38 the chrysalis helps the butterfly become stronger
21、. Like the little boy， 39 too often want to protect their children from struggle in the 40 of love.They dont realize that their children need to struggle， to experience 41 ， to deal with disappointment，and to solve their own problems.Only in this way 42 children strengthen their emotional strength，b
22、ecome 43 and develop the skills necessary for the even bigger struggles they will meet throughout their lives.Children experiencing sufferings can 44 the ups and downs of life. However， it isnt helpful either in this case when parents 45 lectures(训斥)， blame and shame to what the child is experiencin
23、g.Mothers 46 to say，“Stop crying and acting like a spoiled boy.You cant always get what you want.” These 47 words should be avoided.Instead，parents can offer their loving support.You can say，“Dont lose 48 .Be brave! You will succeed if you try again.” Then comes the tough partno 49 and no lectures.S
24、imply allow him to discover that he can 50 his disappointment and figure out what he can do to get what he wants in the future. 语篇解读 本文主要通过小男孩好心剥开茧帮助蝴蝶出来，结果却导致蝴蝶无法飞翔并且死 亡的故事说明了孩子们在经历困境时，父母既不要帮助也不要训斥，要让孩子积极地自己想 办法克服困难。 31A.saying Bstory Cproverb Dprejudice 答案 B 解析 根据下文可知，此处说的是下面的一个故事可能会帮助你理解。故选 B。 32
25、A.damages Bburns Cbetrayed Dcreates 答案 D 解析 帮助孩子避开所有的困难会致使其软弱。create 产生，造成。 33A.exposing Bdevoting Cstruggling Dcoming 答案 C 解析 根据第二段最后一句中的“the butterflys struggle”可知，一个小男孩看到一只蝴蝶 努力地从它的茧里钻出来，感到它很可怜。struggle 斗争，努力。故选 C。 34A.kill Bfeed Chelp Drescue 答案 C 解析 根据后文的“So he peeled the chrysalis open for the
26、 butterfly.”可知，此处小男孩决定 “帮助”蝴蝶，于是把茧撕开了。故选 C。 35A.moved Bexcited Cpuzzled Ddepressed 答案 B 解析 当看到蝴蝶展开它的翅膀飞向天空时， 小男孩是如此的兴奋。 excited 兴奋的。 故选 B。 36A.until Bsince Cbefore Das 答案 D 解析 当他看到蝴蝶掉在地上死了时，小男孩惊呆了。as 当的时候。故选 D。 37A.power Benergy Cstrength Ddeparture 答案 C 解析 因为它没有保持飞翔的肌肉与力量。strength 力量。故选 C。 38A.brea
27、k away from Bdo away with Cget along with Dcome up with 答案 A 解析 实际上，蝴蝶在破茧而出时的挣扎、努力使得它变得更加强壮。break away from.脱 离。故选 A。 39A.teachers Bparents Crelatives Dfriends 答案 B 解析 父母总是想以爱的名义保护他们的孩子免受困难。parents 父母。故选 B。 40A.case Bcharge Cname Dcourse 答案 C 解析 句意见上题解析。in the name of 以的名义。 41A.friendships Bscholars
28、hips Crelationships Dhardships 答案 D 解析 他们没有意识到他们的孩子需要奋斗，需要经历苦难，需要面对失望，需要解决他们 自己的问题。hardship 苦难。故选 D。 42A.should Bdo Ccan Dare 答案 C 解析 只有以这种方式，孩子们才会加强他们的情感力量。can 能，可以。故选 C。 43A.warm-hearted Bstrong-willed Cabsent-minded Dcold-blooded 答案 B 解析 孩子们才会变得意志坚强，发展必要的技能。strong-willed 意志力强的。故选 B。 44A.expect Bc
29、lassify Csurvive Davoid 答案 C 解析 经历了困苦的孩子们能够经受生活的起起落落。survive 存活，经受。故选 C。 45A.add Badapt Cdevote Dcontribute 答案 A 解析 前文说父母干涉孩子们经历困难是不好的，此处说父母对其施加训斥、责备、羞耻也 是不好的。add.to.向增加。故选 A。 46A.pretend Bhappen Ctend Dseem 答案 C 解析 母亲总是说：“不能哭，别像个被惯坏了的孩子。你不能总是得到你想要的。”根据 下文“words should be avoided”可知这类话应该避免，即暗示母亲们总是倾
30、向于说这类话。 tend to do sth.倾向于做某事。 47A.inspiring Bdiscouraging Cinteresting Dtouching 答案 B 解析 根据上文的“Stop crying and acting like a spoiled boy.You cant always get what you want.”可知，这些是令人沮丧的话。discouraging 令人沮丧的。故选 B。 48A.heart Bfriction Csight Dweight 答案 A 解析 不要灰心，勇敢一点。再试一次，你肯定会成功的。lose heart 灰心丧气。故选 A。 4
31、9A.parking Bsmoking Cdrinking Drescuing 答案 D 解析 根据第一段中的“rescuing children from all suffering”可知， 此处告诉父母要不帮忙也 不训斥。rescue 营救，帮助。故选 D。 50A.get through Bget over Cget across Dget away 答案 B 解析 让他去发现他自己可以从失望中恢复过来并且弄清楚在未来的生活中，他可以做什么 来得到他所想要的东西。get over 克服。故选 B。 .语法填空 I got laid off at 53 from a senior mana
32、gement position in a restaurant.And I knew it was going to be hard to find another job in the 51. (compete) working market.My age put me at 52. disadvantage.But I also knew it was time for me 53. (realize) my lifelong dream of owning a restaurant.54. was most difficult was that in order to make this
33、 happen，I needed to find an 55. (exist) caf that wasnt doing well.It couldnt be better if its owner was ready to quit his business.With great 56. (lucky) I found just what I wanted eight blocks from home.Since I had never financially planned for this day，I had to borrow money from friends as well as
34、 57. (relative)I，together with my wife,58. (be) ready to start off.We changed the name to Black Dog Coffee， the menu， the recipes and the look of the cafe， and my wife did a great job of designing.Eighteen years later，were still here and doing 59. (well) than ever.Im grateful 60. the layoff and the
35、opportunity to pursue my dream. 语篇解读 作者失业了，由于年龄的原因，找工作很困难，于是作者决定追求自己的梦 想，开一家餐馆。 51答案 competitive 解析 考查词性转换。修饰名词 market，用形容词，所以填 competitive。 52答案 a 解析 考查冠词的用法。泛指“一种不利条件”，且 disadvantage 的首字母发音是辅音，所 以填不定冠词 a。 53答案 to realize 解析 考查非谓语动词。此处是动词不定式作真正主语，it 是形式主语。 54答案 What 解析 考查名词性从句。 was most difficult 是
36、一个主语从句，引导词在从句中作主 语，所以填 what。 55答案 existing 解析 考查非谓语动词。exist 与其逻辑主语 caf之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作定语。 56答案 luck 解析 考查词性转换。空格前有形容词 great，因此要用名词形式。 57答案 relatives 解析 考查名词的用法。根据 as well as 前面的 friends 可知，此处用复数形式。 58答案 was 解析 考查动词的时态及主谓一致。此处指当时的情景，且本句的主语是 I，故填 was。 59答案 better 解析 考查副词的比较级。根据句中的 than 可知，此处用比较级形式。 60答案 for 解析 考查介词的用法。be grateful for 对很感激。