1、题型二题型二 短文改错短文改错 一、动词形式 动词形式的错误设置一般包括以下三个方面： 1动词的时态和语态错误。 2主、谓不一致的错误。 3非谓语动词的误用。 典例 1 One was that.And the other is that I wanted to help people in need.(2019 全国) iswas 考查动词的时态。 整篇文章使用的都是一般过去时， 且上文中的“One was that.” 用的也是一般过去时， 所以最后一句话时态应为一般过去时。 这里讲述当时做决定时的原因。 故将 is 改为 was。 典例 2 Now my dream is to open
2、s a cafe.Though it may appear simple， it required a lot of ideas and efforts.(2019 全国) opensopen 不定式作表语，to 后用动词原形。故把 opens 改为 open。 requiredrequires 后一句考查动词的时态。短文的主体时态是一般现在时。故把 required 改为 requires。 典例 3 I became interesting in playing football thanks to a small accident.(2019 全国) interestinginteres
3、ted 考查形容词。短语 become interested in 意为“变得对感兴趣”。 interesting 有趣的，吸引人的，通常描述事物；interested 感兴趣的，通常描述人的感受。本 句主语是人，故把 interesting 改为 interested。 典例 4 If I succeed in manage one，I will open more.(2019 全国) managemanaging 考查非谓词动词。succeed in doing sth.成功做某事。 名师点津： 考生应认真分析动词的时态和语态是否正确，是否应用非谓语动词形式。尤其要根据上下文 所提供的时间
4、信息包括明信息：时间状语；暗信息：上下文语境仔细推敲，从而确定正确 的动词时态。同时还需要考虑动词的及物与不及物以及主谓一致与虚拟语气。 二、名词的数 名词单复数的错误设置一般包括以下三个方面： 1可数名词单复数的错用：一般考查错把复数用作单数，有时也考查错把单数用作复数。 2不可数名词单复数的错用：不可数名词没有复数形式。 3可数名词与不可数名词混淆：有些词既可用作可数名词也可用作不可数名词，应注意具体 语境。 解题时要理清可数与不可数名词之间的区别与联系；记清一些用于固定词组中名词的特殊用法。 典例 5 All the football player on the playground c
5、heered loudly，saying that I had a talent for football.(2019 全国) playerplayers “player(运动员)”为可数名词，所以 all(所有的)后需要用 player 的复数形 式。故将 player 改为 players。 典例 6 Since I was a kid，Ive considered different job I would like to do.(2019 全国) jobjobs “job(工作；职业)”为可数名词，用 different(不同的)修饰时意思为不同种类的 工作，应该用名词的复数形式。故将
6、 job 改为 jobs。 典例 7 I wish to have a chain of cafes in many different city.(2019 全国) citycities many different 后跟可数名词的复数形式。故把 city 改为 cities。 三、注意形和副 形容词和副词的错误设置一般包括以下两个方面： 1形容词和副词的误用。 2原级、比较级和最高级的误用。 典例 8 I stopped the ball and kicked it hardly back to the playground.(2019 全国) hardlyhard “hard(用力地)”
7、与“hardly(几乎不)”都为副词，但是词义不同。此处表示 “我用力把球踢回操场”，故将 hardly 改为 hard。 典例 9 First，I wanted to be a fireman，whose uniform looked so coolly.(2019 全国) coollycool 句中的 look 为系动词，系动词后需用形容词作表语。故将 coolly 改为 cool。 典例 10 One was that I was amazing at the fact that a sick person could feel much better after seeing a do
8、ctor.(2019 全国) amazingamazed amazed 吃惊的，惊讶的；amazing 令人吃惊的，令人惊讶的。v.- ed 形容 词说明人的感受，意为“感到的”；v.- ing 形容词描述人或事物本身具有的特征，意为 “令人的”，此处说明主语 I 的感受，故用 v.- ed 形式的形容词。 典例 11 What I want is not just an ordinarily cafe but a very special one.(2019 全国) ordinarilyordinary 修饰名词 cafe 应用形容词。故把 ordinarily 改为 ordinary。 四
9、、代词的格与数 代词的错误设置一般包括以下两个方面： 1人称代词、物主代词、反身代词等。 2不定代词的误用及混用。 典例 12 In the cafe，customers will enjoy yourselves in the historical environment that is created for them.(2019 全国) yourselvesthemselves 此处指代主语 customers，故把 yourselves 改为 themselves。 五、介词短语须关注 介词的错误设置主要考查介词短语和习惯用法的搭配。 典例 13 I want my cafe to h
10、ave a special theme such as like “Tang Dynasty” (2019 全国) 删除 like such as 和 like 都表示“例如”，句意重复。故把 like 删除。 六、连词、从句常光顾 1连词 but，and，or，because，so 的用法错误 考生应认真分析句子结构，如果是并列句或复合句，要特别注意前后分句或主从句的关系， 确保在意义和结构上通顺流畅。 典例 14 Suddenly a football fell just in front of me but almost hit me.(2019 全国) butand “足球落下来”与“
11、打到我”两个动作是顺承关系，不是转折关系。故将 but 改 为 and。 典例 15 When I studied chemistry in high school，I reconsidered my goal or decided to be a doctor.(2019 全国) orand reconsidered my goal 和 decided to be a doctor 之间为顺承关系，并非选择关系，故 将 or 改为 and。 2各大从句细揣摩 典例 16 One afternoon where I was in primary school， I was walking by
12、 the school playground. (2019 全国) wherewhen 本句含有一个定语从句，先行词为 One afternoon，且引导词在从句中作时间 状语，应用关系副词 when。故把 where 改为 when。 1 (2019 河北唐山冲刺三) Phil was a traveling salesman and he enjoyed drink alcohol very much.One day，he went to a strange town and spend the evening in a small restaurant.Hed drunk quite a
13、 lot and had just come out of the restaurant as he saw another men in the middle of the road.The other man had been in the restaurant，either.And he had drunk even more than Phil had.Hed obviously seen something strangely in the sky because of he was pointing up.“Excuse me，” the man asked Phil，“is th
14、at the sun and the moon？” Phil looked at it for a second and then said，“Im afraid I cant help him.Im also stranger here myself.” 答案 Phil was a traveling salesman and he enjoyed drink drinking alcohol very much.One day，he went to a strange town and spend spent the evening in a small restaurant.Hed dr
15、unk quite a lot and had just come out of the restaurant as when he saw another men man in the middle of the road.The other man had been in the restaurant，either too .And he had drunk even more than Phil had.Hed obviously seen something strangely strange in the sky because of he was pointing up.“Excu
16、se me，” the man asked Phil，“is that the sun and or the moon？” Phil looked at it for a second and then said，“Im afraid I cant help him you.Im also a stranger here myself.” 2 (2019 辽宁实验中学模拟) I have lots of hobbies，like skating，painting，and surfing the Internet，and so on.Network is now wide used in peo
17、ples life.I can do such things as making friends，playing games and studying online，that greatly enrich my life.Network has changed the way we live and makes our life easy than before.Skating is a good way to exercise and its beneficial to our healthy， but I like painting best.My parents encourage me
18、 enjoy the painting process and the beauty of art.If my painting technique is not good， I really devote me to it.And I truly believe I would absolutely be the painter in the future. 答案 I have lots of hobbies，like skating，painting，and surfing the Internet，and so on.Network is now wide widely used in
19、peoples life.I can do such things as making friends，playing games and studying online， that which greatly enrich my life.Network has changed the way we live and makes our life easy easier than before.Skating is a good way to exercise and its beneficial to our healthy health ，but I like painting best
20、.My parents encourage me to enjoy the painting process and the beauty of art. If Though/Although/While my painting technique is not good，I really devote me myself to it.And I truly believe I would will absolutely be the a painter in the future. 第一处： 考查并列宾语。 分析句子结构可知， like.为介宾短语。 此处是并列宾语， 根据 and so o
21、n 可知前面的 and 是多余的，故去掉。 第二处：考查词形转换。此处 used 是动词，由副词来修饰，故把 wide 改为 widely。 第三处：考查非限制性定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句， 引导词指代前面的整个句子，故把 that 改为 which。 第四处：考查比较级。根据 than 可知此处应用比较级，故把 easy 改为 easier。 第五处：考查词性转换。此处 our 是形容词性物主代词，修饰名词，故把 healthy 改为 health。 第六处：考查固定搭配。固定搭配：encourage sb.to do sth.“鼓励某人做某事”。故在 enj
22、oy 前加 to。 第七处：考查状语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知此处是让步状语从句，故把 If 改为 Though/Although/While。 第八处：考查固定搭配。固定搭配：devote oneself to“致力于，献身于”。故把 devote 后面 的 me 改为 myself。 第九处：考查时态。由句中的“I truly believe in the future”可知句子用一般将来时态，故把 would 改为 will。 第十处：考查不定冠词。结合句意可知此处表示“泛指”，又由 painter 的发音是以辅音音素 开头的，故把 painter 前的 the 改为 a。 强化练强
23、化练(二二) 1 (2019 山东淄博二模) It can be seen from the picture Mr Liu， who wears a mask， was walking his dog.Interestingly， his dog which also wears a mask. In recent year， air pollution has become more and more serious in some areas， which have led to severe consequences.To solve this problem， firstly of a
24、ll， we should raise the public awareness of protecting the environment.Secondly，the government ought to punish the illegal acts polluting the environment severe.Thirdly，we must do our best to protecting the environment in our daily life.Only in this way can human beings and animals share a pleasant
25、planet or live a happy life. 答案 It can be seen from the picture that Mr Liu，who wears a mask， was is walking his dog.Interestingly，his dog which also wears a mask. In recent year years，air pollution has become more and more serious in some areas，which have has led to severe consequences.To solve thi
26、s problem，firstly first of all，we should raise the public awareness of protecting the environment.Secondly，the government ought to punish the illegal acts of polluting the environment severe severely .Thirdly， we must do our best to protecting protect the environment in our daily life.Only in this w
27、ay can human beings and animals share a pleasant planet or and live a happy life. 2 (2019 安徽师大附中检测) My mom and dad are great cooks，but I always enjoy staying at home and having delicious food.I remembered when I was about six，all the kids in my neighborhood wanted hamburgers and chips， but some didn
28、t have money to buy it.So my father tried to make some on the weekend and asked them eat at my home for the free.The kids were very happier.It helped me make lots of friend.Now I often cooking for my parents，and they like my dishes，either.Its really relaxing to sit around a table for my parents，eati
29、ng and talking together. 答案 My mom and dad are great cooks， but and/so I always enjoy staying at home and having delicious food.I remembered remember when I was about six， all the kids in my neighborhood wanted hamburgers and chips， but some didnt have money to buy it them.So my father tried to make
30、 some on the weekend and asked them to eat at my home for the free.The kids were very happier happy .It helped me make lots of friend friends.Now I often cooking cook for my parents，and they like my dishes，either too .Its really relaxing to sit around a table for with my parents，eating and talking t
31、ogether. 3 (2019 湖北黄冈模拟) Dear Ms Smith， Im writing to ask whether you could do me favor.Ive just finished an essay naming “Differences between traditional Chinese and Western festivals”，so Im not sure whether it is well written.To be honestly，Im not that familiar with some traditional Western festiv
32、als.Thats because Im turning to you for help.Id appreciate it if you could spare some time to look into my essay for possible mistakes and polish them.Also，Im looking forward to your valuable advices.My essay has been sending to you along with this email.I hope it wont cause you too much more troubl
33、e. Thank you in advance. Yours sincerely， Li Hua 答案 Dear Ms Smith， Im writing to ask whether you could do me a favor.Ive just finished an essay naming named “Differences between traditional Chinese and Western festivals”， so but Im not sure whether it is well written.To be honestly honest ， Im not t
34、hat familiar with some traditional Western festivals.Thats because why Im turning to you for help.Id appreciate it if you could spare some time to look into through my essay for possible mistakes and polish them it .Also，Im looking forward to your valuable advices advice .My essay has been sending s
35、ent to you along with this email.I hope it wont cause you too much more trouble. Thank you in advance. Yours sincerely， Li Hua 4 (2019 河南实验中学模拟) It was a rain and cold night.I finish my evening classes and was about to go back to my house.I got into a taxi and told the driver my destination.To my su
36、rprise，the driver made an apology，says he didnt know the way.What come a taxi driver didnt know the way？I was a little of angry.At the moment，an old couple stopped our car.Their destination was the same as me， so he let them in.The two greeted us but the grandpa told the driver the way.From their co
37、nversation I knew the driver was a farmer and he has been a taxi driver just for three days. Im also new to Zhengzhou.Sometimes I make direction mistakes，but there is always a person can help me.It was cold outside，but I felt real warm. 答案 It was a rain rainy and cold night.I finish finished my even
38、ing classes and was about to go back to my house.I got into a taxi and told the driver my destination.To my surprise，the driver made an apology， says saying he didnt know the way. What How come a taxi driver didnt know the way? I was a little of angry.At the moment，an old couple stopped our car.Thei
39、r destination was the same as me mine，so he let them in.The two greeted us but and the grandpa told the driver the way.From their conversation I knew the driver was a farmer and he has had been a taxi driver just for three days. Im also new to Zhengzhou.Sometimes I make direction mistakes，but there is always a person that/who can help me.It was cold outside，but I felt real really warm.