1、1 Error!选修 6 话题素材 好词 1behaviour n. 行为 2cross v. 穿过 3insurance n. 保险 4admire v. 欣赏 5theme n. 主题 6amazed adj. 惊异的 7realize v. 意识到 8description n. 描述 9fall in love with 爱上 10make_it 成功做到 11no wonder 难怪 12with a long history of 有悠久历史 13against the blue sky 以蓝天为背景 14fix ones attention on 注意力集中于 15dream o
2、f/about 梦想 佳句 1He made it clear that students should keep the traffic rules. 他明确指出，学生应遵守交通规则。 2Its_well_known_that we are the master of the future. 众所周知，我们是未来的主人。 3On the contrary, the man who has mad up his mind to_win will never say “impossible” 相反，凡是决心取得胜利的人是从来不说“不可能的” 。 精美语篇 With my tenth birthd
3、ay approaching， I couldnt help imagining what kind of present my parents would give me. To my surprise， they gave me a book， My Life Story， written by an American writerHelen Keller. In the book， she wrote that she had not been able to see， hear or speak. Disabled as she was， with the help of Miss S
4、ullivan， she learned how to write English words and published many famous words ， including My life Story. It was Miss Sullivans continuous encouragement and instruction that inspired her to live her life to the 2 fullest. I was impressed with the writers determination and Miss Sullivans kindness. W
5、henever I felt depressed because of learning difficulties， I would read the book once more. 高频单词 1abandon (vt.) 抛弃，遗弃abandoned (adj.) 被抛弃的，被遗弃的 2preserve (vt.) 保护，保存preserver (n.) 保护者，维护者 3witness (v.) 目击wit (n.) 机智，风趣；能力，智力 4occur (vi.) 发生occurrence (n.) 发生 5tremble (vi.) 颤抖，发抖 6particularly (adv.)
6、 特别地，特定地particular (adj.) 特别的，特定的，特有的 7characteristic (adj.) 典型的 (n.) 特点，特征character (n.) 性格；人物 8gather (vi. the movement of the fingers meant the cool water flowing over her hand. 答案：suddenly 8Helen then felt the warmth of the sun _ (shine) on them. 答案：shining 9The word “think” was also a difficult
7、 one for Helen but she had a breakthrough while _ (work) on a simple task. 答案：working 10_ that vivid moments, Helen finally understood the beautiful truth of the word “love” 答案：In 5 1 abandon vt.抛弃，遗弃，离弃；放弃；中止 It looked abandoned.(P5) 它看起来像被遗弃了。 (1)abandon sb. (不顾责任、义务等)离弃/遗弃/抛弃某人 abandon (doing) st
8、h. 放弃(做)某事 abandon oneself to. 沉湎于，放纵(感情) (to 为介词) abandon hope (of doing sth.) 放弃(做某事的)希望 (2)abandon n. 放任；放纵 with abandon 放纵地；纵情地 (3)abandoned adj. 被遗弃的；自暴自弃的；无耻的；堕落的 图解助记 abandon 2014陕西高考I wish that sports day could be abandoned and replaced with some other less competitive event. 我希望运动会能够被放弃或由一些
9、更不具有竞争性的运动所取代。 People find all sorts of excuses for abandoning an animal. 人们为遗弃动物找出各种借口。 朗文词典How could she abandon her own child? 她怎么能遗弃自己的孩子？ 人教3When you hit an iceberg, abandon the ship immediately. 当你撞上冰山时，要立刻弃船而逃。 牛津词典He abandoned_himself_to despair. 6 他陷入绝望中。 朗文词典The UN seems to have abandoned_
10、hope_of_finding a peaceful solution to the conflict. 联合国似乎对和平解决此次冲突已不抱希望。 2 preserve vt.保护，保存；维护 In a way, Pompeii is like a “time capsule” preserving a frozen moment in history.(P6) 从某种程度上说庞培古城如同一粒时间胶囊，保存了历史上一段被封存了的瞬间。 (1)preserve sth. 保护/保存某物 preserve sb./sth. from.protect sb./sth. from. 保护某人/某物免于
11、 (2)preservation n. 保护，保存 in an excellent state of_preservation 保存完好 2013江西高考Increased understanding in planning worldwide tourism can preserve the market for these companies. 增加对世界各地的旅游规划的理解能够为这些公司保护好这一市场。 牛津词典The calm courage of the pilot preserved the lives of the passengers. 飞行员临危不惧的勇气保住了乘客们的生命。
12、 We should take measures to preserve the environment from pollution. 我们应采取措施来保护环境免受污染。 In wilderness is the preservation of the world. 世界蕴藏在野性中。 3 witness vt. (事情的)出现，发生 2013广东高考Were there no cleaners, a certain decline would occur. 如果没有清洁工，不可避免的环境恶化就会发生。 牛津词典An idea has occurred_to me. 我有主意了。 It su
13、ddenly occurred_to him that he had an important conference to attend the next morning. 他突然想到第二天早上要出席一个重要会议。 朗文词典It never occurred_to me to_ask. 我从没想到要去问一问。 易混辨析 occur 表示“发生”时，为正式用语，常指偶然的、未曾预见的具体事情的发生，可以 和 happen 互换。但 happen 后接不定式表示“碰巧”之意时，不可换用 happen 普通用词，使用最广，指事情“偶然发生”或与不定式连用，表示“碰巧发生” 。 sth. happen
14、s to sb.意为“某事发生在某人身上” 续表 take place 多指事情的发生不是偶然地，而是有计划有安排地发生。可引申为“进行，举 9 行”的意思 break out 多指战争、火灾、疾病等不愉快的事情“突然发生、爆发” 特别提示 occur 当“发生”讲时，和 happen 一样，不可用于被动语态。其过去式、过去分词和现在分 词都要双写 r，分别为 occurred, occurred, occurring。 用 occur/take place/happen/break out 的适当形式填空 a朗文词典A funny thing _ on my way to work. b朗文
15、词典The next meeting will _ on Thursday. c朗文词典The accident _ around nine pm d牛津词典She _ to be out when he called. eI was still sleeping when the fire _， and then it spread quickly. 答案：a.happened Btake placeCoccurred Dhappened ebroke out 5 burst vi.爆炸，冲，闯；爆裂；突然发生，突然出现 n.爆发，突发 The building exploded becau
16、se a gas pipe had burst.(P7) 因为天然气管道的破裂，这幢楼爆炸了。 (1)burst out 突然喊叫 Error! 突然起来 burst out crying/laughing burst into tears/laughter 突然大哭/突然大笑起来 (2)burst in/into 闯进；破门而入 burst with anger/grief/joy 勃然大怒/悲痛欲绝/乐不可支 burst open 猛然打开 (3)a burst of 突然一阵 图解助记 burst 多层含义 人教4In the city, the water pipes in some
17、buildings cracked and burst. 在市内有些楼里的水管爆裂开来。 10 2013江西高考The other two boys jumped up with fright, staring at Tom. Suddenly they burst_out laughing. 另外两个男孩子害怕地跳起来，盯着汤姆。突然他们大笑出声。 朗文词典The car hit a tree and burst_into flames. 那辆车撞到了树上，着起火来。 牛津词典The police burst_in/into the house and arrested the gang.
18、警察突然闯进房子，逮捕了那帮人。 6 eager adj.渴望的，热衷的，热切的 Now that Helen understood the key to language, she was very eager to learn more and use it as much as she could.(P11) 既然海伦理解了语言之谜，她非常渴望学习更多的词语并且尽可能多地使用它们。 (1)be eager for 渴望某事物 be eager to_do 渴望做 be eager that. (should)_do 渴望(从句用虚拟语气) (2)(only) too eager to d
19、o. 过于迫切地想做 (3)表示渴望得到某物的其他表达还有：be anxious for, be desperate for, long for, be hungry for, be thirsty for, be dying for (4)表示急切做；渴望做 be anxious to dobe dying to dolong to do 牛津词典His classes were crowded with eager students. 他的课上挤满了求知若渴的学生。 The teacher is glad that everyone in her class is_eager_to_lea
20、rn. 老师很高兴她班上的学生全部渴望学习。 朗文词典The young woman is_eager_for success. 这位年轻的妇女渴望成功。 易混辨析 eager 指积极的渴望、殷切的盼望 anxious 更多强调“焦急”“忧虑” ，意为“担心”某 事发生。 be anxious for/about. “为担忧” 一言辨异 She is eager to go to college, but anxious about the College Entrance Examination. 他渴望上大学，但又很担心高考。 用 eager/anxious 的适当形式填空 aChildr
21、en are _ for the arrival of Childrens Day. bJunes _ about the results of her blood test. cHe was _ to get to know the result of the exam. dThey crowded round the spokesperson, _ to know any news. 11 答案：a.eager BanxiousCanxious Deager 7 expand vt._he knows more than he admits. 我认为他有所隐瞒，他知道的比他承认的要多。 3
22、 figure out 理解；弄明白；算出，想出 14 So they figured out a way to change it.(P8) 因此他们想出了一个办法改变它。 (1)figure on 计划，打算，预料到；指望 figure in 把计算在内/考虑在内；是的(重要)部分 figure up 计算；把加起来 it/that figures 有道理，合乎情理 (2)figure n数字，形象，人物 2013四川高考“Everything went quiet in my head，” Tim recalls (回忆). “I was trying to figure_out how
23、 to swim to the boys in a straight line.” “一切都在我的大脑里平静地进行，” 蒂姆回忆道。 “我正在尽力地想如何成直线地游 到孩子们身边。” Ben figured_out how to guess the right answers, so he got good grades. 本弄清楚了如何猜对答案，所以他得了高分。 牛津词典Have you figured_out how much the holiday will cost? 你算出假期得花多少钱了吗？ 牛津词典Have you figured_in the cost of food for
24、our holiday? 你把咱们度假的食物费用计算进去了吗？ 牛津词典I figure_on being in New York in January. 我计划一月份在纽约。 4 put up with 容忍，忍受tolerate； stand； bear； live with She was worried that her daughter would have to put up with too much teasing with a mans name.(P8) 她担心女儿会因男人的名字不得不忍受太多的嘲笑。 come up with 提出，想出 keep up with 与同步，
25、跟上(强调状态) catch up with 跟上(强调动作) end up with 以结束 I can put_up_with the house being untidy, but I hate it if it is not clean. 我能容忍房子不整洁，但很厌恶它不干净。 牛津词典I dont know how she puts up with him/his cruelty to her. 我不明白她怎么能容忍他/他的虐待。 朗文词典Im not going to put up with being treated like that. 我不会忍受人们那样对待我。 朗文词典Th
26、ey still havent come up with a name for the baby. 他们还没有给宝宝想出一个名字。 15 牛津词典When eating a meal, Americans begin with the soup, and end_up_with fruits. 美国人用餐时先喝汤，最后吃水果。 5 refer to 查阅；谈到；参考；有关；运用于；提交 Complete the exercise without referring to a dictionary.(P8) 请在不查阅词典的情况下完成练习。 (1)refer.to. 把提交给；让参考 refer
27、 to.as 把称为 (2)reference n. 提及；参考；查阅 with/in reference to 关于(正式用语，用于公函/信函)；就而论 2014湖北高考What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 1 refer_to? 在第一段中，划线部分 this 代表什么？ While giving the English speech, one is not allowed to refer_to the notes. 做英语演讲时，参赛选手不得看演讲稿。 北师大22The scientist referred_to globa
28、l warming at least three times in his speech. 那位科学家在演讲中至少三次提到全球气候变暖。 朗文词典The blue line on the graph refers_to sales. 图表上的蓝色线表示销售情况。 易混辨析 refer to 意思比较广泛，当“查找”讲时，其宾语多 为 book, dictionary 等，相当于 consult look up 宾语多为 word, information 等，不可以是 book, dictionary, sb.等。常与 in 连用 一言辨异 If you dont understand som
29、e new words in it, you can refer_to your dictionary, or look_them_up in your dictionary. 如果在里面有你不理解的新词，你可以查你的字典。 填词(每空一词) aIf you dont know the word, _ it _. bIf you cant understand the text, please _ to the book. cI referred _ my watch for the exact time. 答案：a.look; up BreferCto 6 name.after. 以命名 T
30、his student is named after a purple flower.(P8) 这名学生是以一个紫色的花来命名的。 16 name sb. as sth. 任命/委任某人为 by name 凭名字；用的名字 by the name of 叫名字的，名叫的 in the name of 以的名义，代表 to ones name 在某人名下，属于某人所有 under the name of 用为别名；以为笔名 Jack studied in a village school, which is_named_after his grandfather. 杰克在一所乡村学校读书，该校是
31、以他爷爷的名字命名的。 牛津词典Tasmania was_named_after its discoverer, AJTasmania. 塔斯曼尼亚岛是以其发现者塔斯曼的名字命名的。 牛津词典Ms X has_been_named_as the new director. 某女士已被任命为新董事。 She is a British athlete by_the_name_of Tanni Grey Thompson. 她是一名英国运动员，名叫坦妮格雷汤普森。 过关演练 .选词填空 hold up； figure out； name.after； come across； put up with
32、 12014湖北高考改编Is this your necklace, Mary? I _ it when I was cleaning the bathroom this morning. 答案：came across 2Roadworks on the motorway are _ traffic. 答案：holding up 3The present situation is very complex, so I think it will take me some time to _ its reality. 答案：figure out 4I can _ many things, but
33、 not with people who steal. 答案：put up with 5Being a huge basketball fan, he wanted to _ his son _ Jordan. 答案：name; after .写出下列句中 refer to 的含义 6You may refer to your notes if you want. _ 答案：查阅 7She asked her mother never to refer to him again. _ 答案：提到，说起 8These notes refer to the case of a teenage mu
34、rderer. _ 答案：有关，涉及 9Her case was referred to the Court of Appeal last week. _ 答案：提交 1 (Now that Helen understood the key to language， she was very eager to learn 17 more and use it as much as she could. P11 既然海伦理解了语言之谜，她非常渴望学习更多的词语并且尽可能多地使用它们。 (1)now_that“既然，由于” ，是连词词组，引导原因状语从句，表示明显的原因或既成 的事实。口语中 th
35、at 常可省略。 (2)其他表原因的连词： because 因为(语气较重，常用于回答 why 提出的问题) since 因为，既然，由于(可与 now that 互换)；自从 as 因为，由于(语气较弱) for 因为(并列连词) (3)表示原因的其他短语： due to 由于，因为 because of 因为 on account of 由于，因为 owing to 由于，因为 thanks to 由于，多亏 外研5Now_that I have made this first visit, I hope I can come many more times. 既然有了第一次造访，我希望以
36、后能常来。 牛津词典Now_(that) you mention it I do remember the incident. 经你一提，我想起那件事了。 朗文词典Youll have to get up early, since the bus leaves at 7 am. 你得早点起床，因为大巴 7 点钟出发。 He found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to fail. 他发现读书越来越难了，因为他的视力开始下降。 As he wasnt ready in time, we wen
37、t without him. 他未及时做好准备，所以我们没有等他就走了。 2 Her words puzzled me very much because I did not then understand anything unless I touched it. P11 她的话使我感到非常困惑，因为那时我若不用手触摸就什么都不理解。 (1)unless“除非；如果不” ，引导一个肯定的条件状语从句，从句有时可与 if. not 引 导的否定状语从句互换。 (2)unless 引导的条件状语从句常用一般现在时表示将来意义，主句多用一般将来时。 (3)在 unless 引导的条件状语从句中，主
38、语和部分谓语有时可以省略。 2014湖南高考You will never gain success unless you are fully devoted to your work. 你决不会获得成功，除非你全身心投入工作。 He told me that Id probably have a heart attack unless I started eating less. 他告诉我，如果我再不减少食量，就有可能患上心脏病。 朗文词典We will go in my car unless you want to walk. 18 我们将坐我的车走，除非你要走路。 外研3Unless th
39、e weather gets better, Ill stay at home. 如果天气没有好转，我就呆在家里。 All the photographs in this book, unless_stated otherwise, date from the 1950s. 书中所有的照片，除非另外说明，否则都是二十世纪五十年代的。 过关演练 .选词填空(now that/since/because/as/for) 1_ youve passed your test, you can drive on your own. 答案：Now that/Since 2牛津词典We listened e
40、agerly, _ he brought news of our families. 答案：for 3We couldnt go out _ it was too cold. 答案：because 4_ it was late, we came back soon. 答案：As 5The book has been translated into thirty languages _ it came on the market in 1973. 答案：since .完成句子 62013重庆高考_ we have enough evidence, we cant win the case. 除非
41、我们有足够的证据，否则我们赢不了这场官司。 答案：Unless 72013江西高考She says that shell have to close the shop _. 她说她会关掉店铺，除非生意有起色。 答案：unless business improves 8The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day, _ by an adult. 学校规章规定，除非有成人陪同，否则孩子们在校期间不能出学校。 答案：unless accompanied 过去完成时& get
42、/have sth. done 过去完成时表示在过去某一时刻以前已经开始并一直延续到这一时刻，或在这一时 刻前已经完成的动作，即“过去的过去” 。 2014北京高考I found the lecture hard to follow because it _ (start) when I arrived. 答案：had started 句意：我发现很难理解演讲，因为我到的时候已经开始了。 get/have sth. done 表示“使某事被做” ，其中过去分词作宾语补足语。译作“让别人 做” 。 Your mobile phone doesnt work, and youd better ge
43、t it _ (repair) 19 答案：repaired have/get sth. done “使某事被做” 。句意：你的手机坏了，你最好找人 修一下。 过关演练 用括号内单词的正确形式填空 1By the time Jack returned home from England, his son _ (graduate) from college. 答案：had graduated 根据句中 by the time Jack returned.可知，主句应用过去完成时。 2Experiments of this kind _ (conduct) in both the US and E
44、urope well before the Second World War. 答案 ： had been conducted conduct 这一动作发生在 the Second World War 之前，即“过 去的过去” ，用过去完成时，另外主语与动词之间为被动关系，故用 had been done 结构。 3人教1When he borrowed it last time, he broke it and you had to pay to get it _ (repair) 答案：repaired get sth. done“让别人做/让某事被做” ，过去分词作宾补，与宾语 sth.之 间为被动关系。 4Mary can have her body _ (check) in this hospital. 答案：checked have sth. done “让别人做/让某事被做” ，过去分词作宾补，与宾语 sth. 之间为被动关系。