1、2020年高考英语模拟卷（新课标卷）06英 语（考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：120分）注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AFOUR BEST BOOKS
2、HOPS IN LONDONLooking for something to read while in London? If so, youre in luck: the British capital happens to have an incredible collection of bookshops.Daunt BooksAre you going on a trip and want to read a novel or nonfiction book set in the place youre headed? This bookshop arranges books by c
3、ountry, so its easy to find anything by place. (83 Marylebone High Street. Monday-Saturday: 09:00-19:30; Sunday: 11:00-18:00.)Foyles BooksDig, if you will, the picture: four miles of shelves holding up to 200,000 books. This legendary (传奇的) bookshop is impossible to leave empty-handed. It was once l
4、isted in the Guinness Book of World Records as the biggest bookshop on the planet. (107 Charing Cross Road. Monday-Saturday: 9:00-21:00; Sunday: 11:30-18:00.) HatchardsIn the year 1797, this London bookshopthe oldest in the city todayfirst flicked on its lights. It stocks an excellent selection of f
5、iction, nonfiction, history and other genres. (187 Piccadilly Street. Monday-Saturday: 09:30-20:00; Sunday: 12:00-18:30.)London Review BookshopTheres an excellent selection of history, philosophy, politics, new fiction and many other genres here. Plus, theres a nice cafe in which you can crack open
6、that tome (巨著) for the first time and start reading. (14 Bury Place. Monday-Saturday 10:00-18:30; Sunday 12:00-18:00.)1. Which bookstore was listed in the Guinness Book of World Records?A. Daunt Books.B. Foyles Books.C. Hatchards.D. London Review Bookshop.2. What is special about Hatchards?A. It has
7、 a long history.B. It has 200,000 books.C. It has a cafe.D. It has both fiction and nonfiction books.3. Which place should you go to if you want to enjoy reading with a coffee?A. 83 Marylebone High Street.B. 107 Charing Cross Road.C. 187 Piccadilly Street.D. 14 Bury Place.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了伦敦最好的四个书
8、店。1. B 【解析】细节理解题。由第三段中It was once listed in the Guinness Book of World Records.可知，Foyles Books被列入Guinness Book of World Records之中。故选B。2.A 【解析】细节理解题。由第四段中In the year 1797, this London bookshopthe oldest in the city todayfirst flicked on its lights.可知，Hatchards，这座城市最古老的的书店，1979年第一次营业。所以Hachards的
9、特别之处是它历史悠久。故选A。3. D 【解析】细节理解题。由最后一段theres a nice cafe in which you can crack open that tome (巨著) for the first time and start reading (14 Bury Place. Monday-Saturday 10:00-18:30; Sunday 12:00-18:00.)可知，在14 Bury Place。你可以边喝咖啡边看书。故选D。B My daughter was being thrown out of the sixth grade. The teacher s
10、aid to me, “She may not be up to what were trying to accomplish.” He was really saying she didnt have the intelligence. I got mad because I knew she was smart, just as my father had known I was smart when I was failing in school. We had her tested and found that the troubles my daughter was having w
11、ere the same as those I had had. I decided to get tested as well. She was dyslexic, and so was I. By then I was a successful television writer and producer. Id won an Emmy for “The Rockford Files.”Had I known earlier, though, that there was a reason beyond my control to explain why I was a low achie
12、ver, I may not have worked so hard in my late 20s and early 30s. I was writing and writing. I was working for no other reason than to hear people praise me.I needed that praise because I was carrying around the failure in studies. I did badly in all my courses.I once asked a friend who had always go
13、tten an A, “How long did you study for this?” He said, “I didnt. I just glanced at it.” So what do I take from that? He must be smarter than I am. I began to ask, “What will happen to me when Im not good at anything?” Despite my doubts, I did become successful, and people now say to me, “So youve ov
14、ercome dyslexia.”No. You dont overcome it, you learn to compensate for it. Some easy things are very hard for me. Most people who go through college read at least twice as fast as I do. I avoid dialing a phone if I can, because I sometimes have to try three times to get the number right. I get that
15、recording “The number you have reached is not in service” more than any man on earth.Despite my weaknesses I view dyslexia as a gift, not a curse (诅咒). Many dyslexics are good at right- brain, abstract thought, and thats what my kind of creative writing is. And I can write quickly I go like wind and
16、 can get up to 15 pages a day. Writing is not the problem. Thats my strength.The real fear I have for dyslexic is not that they have to struggle with regular school studies, but that they will quit on themselves before they get out of school. Parents have to create victories whenever they can, wheth
17、er its music, sports or art. You can make your dyslexic child able to say, “Yeah, readings hard. But I have these other things I can do.”4. The writer decided to get himself tested probably because _.A. he wanted to know if they had the same problemB. he accepted that his daughter was not smartC. he
18、 didnt （realize the problem with his daughterD. his father had the same troubles as they did5. What can you infer from the second paragraph?A. The writer struggled hard and finally ended with good grades.B. The writer was thankful not knowing of his dyslexia before.C. Dyslexia made the writer a low
19、achiever all through his life.D. People praised the writer because they knew he had dyslexia.6. The word “dyslexia” can be interpreted as _.A. hearing disabilityB. low in intelligenceC. mental illnessD. disorder of reading7. Which of the following proverbs can best summarize the main idea?A. Never j
20、udge a person by his appearance.B. God never shuts one door but he opens another.C. If at first you dont succeed, try, try again.D. No one can make a good coat with bad cloth.【语篇解读】本文为记叙文。作者得知女儿患了阅读障碍，回想到自己读书时遇到的同样的艰辛，作者用自己努力换来的成功经历告诉我们，遇到困难只要不放弃，总会取得成功。4. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段We had her tested and foun
21、d that the troubles my daughter was having were the same as those I had had. I decided to get tested as well. She was dyslexic, and so was I.可知，作者给女儿做了检查，发现女儿遇到的麻烦和作者一样。故作者也决定接受检查。答案选A。5.B 【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段第一句Had I known earlier, though, that there was a reason beyond my control to explain why I
22、 was a low achiever, I may not have worked so hard in my late 20s and early 30s.（如果我早一点知道，有一个我无法控制的原因来解释为什么我是一个低成就者，我可能不会在我快30岁和30岁出头的时候如此努力工作。）可知，作者很庆幸以前不知道自己患有诵读困难症。故选B。6.D 【解析】词义猜测题。根据第一段老师描述女儿在学校的学习表现和第四段作者与经常得A的朋友之间的对话可知，作者和女儿一样遇到了阅读障碍，故dyslexia意为“阅读障碍”，故选D。7.B 【解析】主旨大意题。作者通过回忆自己读书时遇到艰辛但仍
23、不放弃，用自己努力换来的成功经历告诉我们，遇到困难只要不放弃，总会取得成功。God never shuts one door but he opens another.（天无绝人之路）符合语境。故选B。CSometimes, you just can't help it. Maybe you're watching a sad movie, or thinking about the friend who moved away. Next thing you know, you feel pressure in your throat, your eyes are wateri
24、ng, and you have tears running down your cheeks.According to Ad Vingerhoets, a professor of psychology at Tilburg University, in the Netherlands, who is one of the few scientists in the world who have studied crying, there are three types of tears. Basal tears are the first type. They act as a prote
25、ctive barrier between the eye and the rest of the World. Next are reflex tears. They wash your eyes clean when something gets in them. Finally, there are emotional tears. “These are released in response to emotional states,” explains Vingerhoets.Scientists believe crying has something to do with how
26、 humans developed and learned to depend on each other. “Humans are very complex social creatures,” says Lauren Bylsma, a professor at the University of Pittsburgh, in Pennsylvania. "It seems that tears serve to arouse help and support from others,” She says.Vingerhoets agrees, "I think tha
27、t the reason why humans shed tears（流眼泪）has something to do with our childhood, " he says. "that's the time when we are still dependent on adults for love and protection and care. The major advantage of emotional tears is that you can target them at a specific person." Vingerhoets
28、says this ability could have come in handy in prehistoric times, when humans were living among dangerous animals. Tears were a safer way to get attention. "In this case, it is better to use a silent signal to ask for help, "he says.Vingerhoets and Byhma do frequent studies to better unders
29、tand why humans cry. According to Byhma, there is still much more to discover. "It's surprising, "she says, "how much we still don't know.”8. In the scientists' opinion, crying is _.A. a sign of human evolution B. a result of human kindnessC. a cause of person
30、al growth D. a means of relying on each other9. The underlined phrase "this ability" in the last paragraph refers to the ability to _.A. seek help wisely B. aim tears at someoneC. cry emotionally D. appeal to other people10. From the text, we learn th
31、at Ad Vingerhoets and Lauren Bylsma _.A. hold different opinions about the causes of tearsB. think positively of the effects of tearsC. are working together to study tearsD. have learned enough about tears11. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. The types of tears B. The compone
32、nts of tearsC. The science of tears D. The opinions about tears【语篇解读】这是一篇科普说明类文章。文章从科学的角度分析了哭的类型和哭的原因等内容。8. D 【解析】细节理解题。由第三段中的“Scientists believe crying has something to do with how humans developed and learned to depend on each other”可知，科学家们认为哭与人类如何发展和学习彼此依靠有关系。故可知哭是人们互相依靠的一种方法。D选项正确。9
33、. B 【解析】词义猜测题。由第四段中的“The major advantage of emotional tears is that you can target them at a specific person.” Vingerhoets says this ability could have come in handy in prehistoric times, when humans were living among dangerous animals. Tears were a safer way to get attention.”可知，Vingerhoets认为泪水的主要优
34、势就是你可以将泪水指向一个特定的目标。这种能力在史前发挥了作用，当时人们生活在危险的动物中。泪水是获得注意的一种更安全的方式。由此可知，this ability指将泪水指向一个特定的目标的能力，故B选项正确。10. B 【解析】推理判断题。由第三段和第四段中的“Lauren Bylsma, a professor at the University of Pittsburgh, in Pennsylvania. "It seems that tears serve to arouse help and support from others,” She says. Vingerhoe
35、ts agrees”可知，Lauren Bylsma和Vingerhoets都认为泪水可以唤起别人的帮助和支持。结合选项可知，他们都认可泪水的积极作用。故B选项正确。11. C 【解析】标题归纳题。文章从科学的角度，分析了哭的种类，哭的原因等内容，故C选项适合做该文标题。DTake a walk through Washington and youll find plenty of marble memorials(纪念碑). But is that what the future of the memorial-rich city holds? If the winners of a new
36、 design competition have their way, probably not.The Memorials for the Future design competition invited submissions (意见书) from teams throughout the world. Though, the memorials selected wont actually be built in the city, they were intended to start a discussion about how to think of memorials in a
37、 very different future.Climate Chronograph, the winning project by Team Azimuth Land Craft, greatly departs from memorials as we know them. The project memorializes the harmful effects of climate change by suggesting a memorial at Hains Point, a spot between the Potomac River and Washington Channel.
38、 Just 100 years ago, the man-made island was part of the river. It came into existence after the National Park Service decided to turn the confluence(合流点) of the waters into a tidal basin to protect the nearby National Mall from floods.Those floods are expected to come more and more often as the cli
39、mate changes. Climate Chronograph will memorialize those changes by planting cherry trees as a kind of tidal gauge(潮位计) that can be used by future visitors to determine just how much water levels have risen.The other winning projects include a project that frees mechanical parrots that fly over the
40、Jefferson Memorial and collect and retell stories about monuments，a podcast (播客) platform that puts immigrant stories on public transportation, and an interactive memorial that brings national parks to the D. C. Metro. The competition also produced a report that points to ways America can better mem
41、orialize the things that matterstrategies that could help cities save money and space.Thats good news, especially given that D. C. s iconic Mall has been closed to new construction. The memorials of the future wont just turn collective memories toward the stories of new phenomena and groups like cli
42、mate change and immigrants. Rather, it seems that theyll make use of space in new creative waysno marble needed.12. What is the purpose of the design competition?A. To select the best design team.B. To find new uses for old memorials.C. To design new memorials for Washington.D. To explore new ways o
43、f experiencing memorials.13. What can be used to replace the underlined word “departs” in Paragraph 3?A. DiffersB. BenefitsC. SuffersD. Learns14. What do we know about Climate Chronograph?A. It will be located in a park.B. It will be built after the competition.C. It clearly shows the effects of cli
44、mate change.D. It uses high-tech equipment to measure climate change.15. What would be the best title for the text?A. A memorial to a sad future.B. Marble memorials are out of date.C. Climate Chronograph, memorial for our future.D. What will the memorials of the future look like?【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一
45、项设计未来纪念碑的比赛中获胜者为一个名为Climate Chronograph的项目，可以清楚地显示气候变化的影响。竞赛还产生了一份报告，指出了美国可以更好地纪念那些重要事物的方式帮助城市节省资金和空间的策略。未来的纪念碑会以新的创造性方式利用空间。12. D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中Though, the memorials selected wont actually be built in the city, they were intended to start a discussion about how to think of memorials in a very diff
46、erent future.（尽管如此，所选的纪念碑实际上并不是建在这座城市里的，它们是为了在一个非常不同的未来如何看待纪念碑而设计的。）可知设计比赛的目的是探索纪念碑体验的新方式。故选D。13.A 【解析】词义猜测题。结合后文The project memorializes the harmful effects of climate change by suggesting a memorial at Hains Point, a spot between the Potomac River and Washington Channel.可知该项目通过在Hains Point(位于Potom
47、ac河和华盛顿海峡之间)建造一座纪念碑来纪念气候变化的有害影响。这与人们通常理解意义上的纪念碑有很大不同，故划线单词意思为“不同于”。故选A。14. C【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中The project memorializes the harmful effects of climate change by suggesting a memorial at Hains Point（该项目通过在Hains Point建立纪念碑来纪念气候变化的有害影响）可知Climate Chronograph清楚地显示了气候变化的影响。故选C。15. D【解析】主旨大意题。根据第二段中Though, th
48、e memorials selected wont actually be built in the city, they were intended to start a discussion about how to think of memorials in a very different future.（尽管如此，所选的纪念碑实际上并不是建在这座城市里的，它们是为了在一个非常不同的未来如何看待纪念碑而设计的。）以及结合文章主要内容可知主要为以Climate Chronograph为例来说明未来的纪念碑可能出现的方式，故D选项“未来的纪念碑会是什么样子?”符合文章标题。故选D。第二节
49、（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。“The calm before the storm” is a very familiar expression. It is usually used to describe a peaceful period just before a very stressful situation or a tense argument. 16. They noted that before certain storms the seas would seem to become calm and the winds would drop.But why is it often so calm before a storm? 17. According to US website HowStuffWorks, a calm period occurs because m