1、,模块二 名词,名词的分类及其在句子中的出现形式： 名词分为可数名词单数、可数名词复数和不可数名词三种。 单数名词在句子中必须用a, an, the, one, my, his, her, your等修饰，如：a key, an hour, the book, one cap, her book等；复数名词在句子中可以用the, my, his, her, your, some, a few, several, many, a lot of, 数字等修饰，在泛指情况下可以直接单独出现，如：the trees, many shoes, three bananas, some cats, a fe
2、w boys, on weekends等。不可数名词在句子中可以用the, my, his, her, your, some, a little, a lot of等修饰，在泛指情况下可以直接单独出现，如：the water, some paper, my knowledge, a lot of information等。,教师点拨,注意：1.只与可数名词复数连用的修饰语：few(几乎没有)，a few(一些), many/a great many(许多) 2既能与可数名词连用也能与不可数名词连用的修饰语：some, any, a lot of/lots of, plenty of。例如： T
3、here is some/a lot of milk in the bottle. There are some/a lot of flowers in the garden.,教师点拨,教师点拨,考点精讲 1 可数名词,可数名词复数的构成 可数名词的复数形式有规则变化和特殊形式两种。,教师点拨,教师点拨,特殊现象：a sports car, a sports shop, a clothes store等。,教师点拨,考点精讲 2 不可数名词,一、基本介绍 常见的不可数名词有：water, milk, tea, air, rice, bread, paper, meat, hair, furn
4、iture, money, knowledge等。 常考的不可数名词有：work, news, weather, information, music, fun, luck, advice, progress等。 二、不可数名词的量 不可数名词本身不能用a或an以及数字等修饰，但借助另外一个可数名词用of结构就能用a或an以及数字等表示量了。如：,a piece of bread一片面包 some pieces of paper 几张纸 three pieces of music三首曲子 a piece of news 一条新闻 a piece of meat一片肉 a bottle of w
5、ater一瓶水 three bags of rice三袋米 a cup of tea一杯茶 有时候这种结构也能表示可数名词的量。如： a basket of apples一篮苹果 two boxes of pears 两箱梨 a set of keys一套钥匙 a group of students 一组学生 a pack of cards一包卡片 a kilo of eggs 一公斤鸡蛋,教师点拨,教师点拨,考点精讲 3 名词的所有格,在英语中，有生命的名词及表示时间、距离、国家、城市的名词，常在词尾加s 表示所属关系，叫做名词的所有格，翻译成“的”。如：Toms bike(汤姆的单车),教
6、师点拨,注意：1.a picture/photo of Mike(照片上是Mike本人)，a picture/photo of Mikes(照片上不一定是Mike本人) 2有些表示时间、距离、重量、价值、国家和城市等无生命的名词，也可加s构成所有格； 如：todays newspaper今天的报纸 eight days holidayan 8day holiday八天的假期 five minutes walka fiveminute walk 五分钟的步行路程,教师点拨,教师点拨,考点精讲 4 易混词辨析,一、sound, voice, noise sound“声音”， 指耳朵能听到的各种声音
7、。I heard the sound of the bell. voice“嗓音”， 主要指人的嗓音。She has a beautiful voice. noise“噪音”。词组有：make a noise等。 1The _made me feel annoyed.I want to be in a quiet place. 2The teacher said in a loud_， “Please keep silent.” 3At the foot of the hill you could hear nothing but the_of the running water.,答案：no
8、ise，voice，sound,二、job, work job “工作”， 是可数名词。 work “工作”， 可以作名词或动词。作名词表示“工作”时是不可数的，作名词表示“著作”时是可数的。 1He has lost three _， because he doesnt _ hard. 2Do you want to_late? We will have a _for you as a waiter.,教师点拨,答案：jobs，work，work，job,三、a number of, the number of a number of 表示“大量的；许多”， 谓语动词用复数。 如：A num
9、ber of persons are playing chess. the number of 表示“的数量”， 谓语动词用单数。 如：The number of people in the room is 50. 1_of foreign students are studying in this college. 2_ of American students is over 30.,教师点拨,答案：A number，The number,四、idea, advice, suggestion idea 表示“主意”， 是可数名词。 如：a good idea 一个好主意 advice表示“
10、建议；忠告”，是不可数名词。如：a piece of advice suggestion 意同advice，是可数名词。 1Can you give me some _ on how to learn English well? 2He has got a good_ to deal with his old books.,教师点拨,答案：advice/suggestions，idea,五、news, information, message, instruction news 表示“新闻；消息”， 是不可数名词。如：two pieces of news information 表示“信息；资
11、料”，侧重信息的价值， 是不可数名词。如：some information message 表示“消息；音信，短信”， 侧重信息的简短， 是可数名词。 常用词组：leave a message(留言)；give a message to(捎口信给) instruction 表示“说明；须知；教导”，是可数名词。如：some instructions 1What bad _！The school trip will be put off because of the sports meeting. 2I dont know how to use this machine.It doesnt ma
12、tter.Here is the_. 3Would you please give a_ to Li Lei? He is not at school. 4Can you provide me with some_ about the trip?,教师点拨,答案：news，instruction，message，information,六、house, family, home house 表示“住宅”，指的是具体的房子或建筑物。 family 表示“家；家庭”，也可指全体家庭成员。 home 意为“家”，带有眷恋等感情色彩。 1I bought a new _ in Zhongshan. 2
13、Tom has a big _.There are six people in his _. 3She has been in Shenzhen for 10 years.Shenzhen has become her second_.,教师点拨,答案：house，family，family，home,七、problem, question problem 表示出现的、提出的、需要解决的问题或难题。 question 表示提问的，需要回答的问题。 1Mike is always active to ask and answer _ in class. 2Alice is so quickmin
14、ded that she is good at working out hard _.,教师点拨,答案：questions，problems,八、floor, ground floor 表示“(室内、车内等的)地板”。 ground 表示“(室外的)地面”。 1He was sitting on the _ when I came into the room. 2The _ is wet.It must have rained last night.,教师点拨,答案：floor，ground,九、road, way, street road 表示“公路，马路”，较具体，常用短语：on the
15、road(在路上), across the road(过马路)等。 way 表示“路线，路途，方法”，较抽象，常用短语：in this way(用这种方式), on the/ones way to(在去某地的路上), in the/ones way(挡道，阻碍), the way to(到某地的路)。 street 意为“街”，常用短语：in/on the street(在街上), across the street(过街)等。 1Excuse me, can you tell me the _ to the nearest supermarket? 2On my _ home, I saw
16、an old man lying on the _. 3A new _ was built to my village years ago.,教师点拨,答案：way，way，road/street，road,教师点拨,十、部分单词作可数名词和不可数名词时的含义不同：,1.Oh! There isnt enough _ for us on the bus. No hurry.Lets wait for the next.(room) 2Mother wants to buy a piano and put it in my _， but there is little_ in it.(room) 3How many _have you been to Shanghai? Never.I have no _.(time) 4These_ are made of _.(glass) 5There are some_and two bottles of _on the desk.(orange),教师点拨,答案：room，room，room，times，time，glasses，glass，oranges，orange,