1、Unit 2 Ill help to clean up the city parks.,Section A Grammar Focus-4c,Grammar Focus,动词不定式,动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，在句中不能作谓语，没有人称和数的变化。 基本形式：to动词原形，有时to可以省略；否定形式：not + 动词不定式。 动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此可以在句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语等。,一、 作宾语 动词不定式（短语）可以放在一些动词后面 用作宾语，能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有： begin, want, remember, agree, learn, l
2、ike, decide, fail, pretend, demand, refuse等。,例如： I want to tell you a story. They begin to work at eight every morning. Dont forget to lock the door. Would you like to go and have a picnic with us tomorrow?,二、 作宾语补足语 动词不定式作宾语补足语，表示宾语所做的动作，可以用动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：tell, ask, want, like, invite, encourage,
3、help等。如： The teacher asked us to read English for half an hour in the morning. The teacher often tells Jim not to spend too much time playing computer games. Please let me help you.,但在let, make, see, watch, hear, feel, notice, have等感官听觉动词或使役动词后面作宾语补足语的动词, 其不定式一般要省略动词不定式符号“to”，可以归纳为以下三种句式： 1.不可以省略to的
4、不定式作宾语补足语: tell /ask / want / would like / wish /,suppose / invite /encourage /teach/ depend on等 + sb.+ to do sth. 例如： The teacher told us to come earlier. I want you to go now. Her parents wish her to be a teacher.,2.省“to”的不定式作宾语补足语： let / make / have + sb. +do sth. 例如： Let the girl leave here now.
5、 The boy made the baby cry. see / watch / hear / notice / feel +sb.+do sth. 例如： I saw the students play basketball on the playground yesterday. I often hear the girl sing in the next room.,3.可省可不省的: help sb. （to）do sth. 例如： I often help my mother (to) do housework. 三. 作状语: （1）作目的状语。强调动词不定式所表示的目的时，动词
6、不定式可用in order to或so as to +动词原形，so as to不用于句首。,例如： He stopped to have a rest. The bus stopped so as to pick up passengers. （2）作结果状语。 例如： He woke up only to find everybody gone. His grandma lived to see the liberation of China. He is old enough to go to school.,（3）在某些表示喜、怒、哀、乐等的形容词后作原因状语。例如： Im proud
7、 to have taken part in the competitions . Im happy to have found many things I can do.,（1）动词不定式的否定式是直接在to之前加not. 如： Tell them not to play football in the street. （2）省略to的动词不定式的否定式是直接在动词前面加not. 如： Let the boy not go.,动词不定式的否定形式：,13,1. I want to _ my plan to work in an animal hospital until next summe
8、r. Im too busy with my studies this year. 2. She hopes to _ at least five primary schools to ask if they need volunteers for their after-school programs.,put up hand out call up cheer up come up with give out put off,put off,call up,4a,Fill in the blanks with phrasal verbs in the box.,3. Our class i
9、s trying to _ some ideas to _ sick children because they are often sad. 4. We decided to _ signs around the school and _ notices to tell students about the book sale. We will _ the money from the sale to homeless people.,come up with,cheer up,put up,hand out,give out,help move do make visit spend,Mo
10、st people today are only worried about getting good jobs _ lots of money. In their free time, they think about what _ for fun. However, few people think about what they can do _ others. There are many people who are less lucky than us. Volunteering,to do,to help,to make,Fill in the blanks with the c
11、orrect forms of the verbs in the box.,4b,our time to help these people is a good way _ our free time. For example, we can make plans _ sick children in the hospital or raise money for homeless people. Some people even stop doing their jobs for a few months to a year _ to another place, like one of t
12、he countries in Africa, and help people there.,to spend,to visit,to move,Complete the sentences with your own ideas. Use infinitives.,Id like to volunteer _. At 12:00 a.m., I called my friend _.,at the food bank to help the poor,to play basketball at the playground,4c,3. Im very busy but I could hel
13、p _. 4. Summer vacation is coming, and I want _. 5. I want to travel alone, but my parents told me (not)_.,to look after my little sister.,to go to the beach with my friends,not to do it alone,1) Id like _ homeless people. 2) She decided _ for a volunteer after-school reading program. 3) You could a
14、sk hospitals _ you visit the kids and cheer them up.,I. 填空。,to help,to try out,to let,Exercises,4) Mario believes it can help him _ his future dream job. 5) She volunteers there once a week _ kids learn _. 6) Im making some signs _ around the school.,to get,to help,to read,to put up,I want _ (become
15、) a policeman one day. 2. He wants the students _ (eat) well. 3. The teacher made his students _ (come) into the meeting room on time. 4. The boy was free _ (go) where he liked. 5. Nobody tells him what _ (do) next.,II. 根据提示完成下列句子。,to become,to eat,come,to go,to do,III. 根据汉语提示补全句子。,1. 你愿意帮忙打扫城市公园吗？
16、Would you like _ _ _ _ the city parks? 2. 莉莉，你能帮我洗碗吗？ Could you please help me _ _ the dishes, Lily? 3. 简没有想出解决这道数学题的好方法。 Jane didnt _ _ _ a good way _ _ _ this math problem.,to help clean up,come up with,out,to work,to wash,4. 他们正计划去拉萨旅行。 Theyre _ _ _ a trip to Lhasa. 5. 我们应该努力学习，将来为我们的祖国做贡献。 We sh
17、ould study hard _ _ a major commitment for our country in the future.,planning to take,to make,IV. 根据汉语提示完成下列句子。,We must find a person _ (做这项工作) 2. In my family, my mother is always the first one _ (起床). 3. Do you have _ (什么问题要问)？ 4. Please tell me _ (怎样念这个词).,to do the work,to get up,any questions
18、to ask,how to say this word,I always tell my students _ on the road because its really dangerous. A. not to play B. to play not C. not playing D. not play 2. I will go to Harbin for my summer vacation. What about you? I havent decided where _. A. go B. went C. going D. to go,V.单项选择。,3. I didnt hear
19、you come in just now. Thats good. We tried _ any noise, for you were sleeping. A. not make B. not to make C. to make D. making 4. Lucy is shy. She would not invite her classmates _ dancing with her. A. practice B. practices C. practicing D. to practice,（2019益阳） _, he has to listen to tapes every day
20、. A. To learn English well B. Learn English well C. Learning English well 缺少解析,中考链接,A,（2019湖南） She will _ the silk dress and wear it. A. put away B. put up C. put on,【解析】句意“她将收拾好丝质衣服并且穿上它”。A.收拾好；B.张贴、搭建、举起、留宿；C.穿上（表示动作）。根据句意可知，表示“将衣服收好”。故选A。,A,（2019辽宁） My cousin volunteers in the Childrens Home. His
21、 job is to food and clothes. A. sell out B. work out C. hand out D. find out,【解析】句意：我表哥在“儿童之家”当义工。他的工作是分发食物和衣服。考查动词短语辨析。A. 卖光；B. 想出；C. 发放；D. 发现。根据My cousin volunteers in the Childrens Home.可知hand out food and clothes符合句意，故选C。,C,（2019四川） Wed better _ our sports meeting because its going to rain. A. put on B. put up C. put off,【解析】句意：我们最好把我们的运动会 _，因为天要下雨了。A. put on 穿上，上演；B. put up 举起，张贴；C. put off 推迟。根据后面的天要下雨，可知最好推迟运动会，故选C。,C,Review the grammar points we learn today. Find more exercise to practice.,Homework,