1、第一部分 必修四 Unit 1.阅读理解A(2016全国卷) 导 学 号 42492358You probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson.Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?Jane Addams (18601935)Anyone who has ever been helped by a socia
2、l worker has Jane Addams to thank.Addams helped the poor and worked for peace.She encouraged a sense of community(社区)by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need.In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.Rachel Carson (19071964)If it
3、 werent for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today.Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the worlds lakes and oceans.Sandra Day OConnor (1930present)When Sandra Day OConnor finis
4、hed third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman.She became an Arizona state senator(参议员) and, in 1981, the first woman to join the US.Supreme Court.OConnor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the
5、top court.Rosa Parks (19132005)On December 1, 1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger.Her simple act landed Parks in prison.But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott.It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civilrights movement
6、.“The only tired I was, was tired of giving in， ”said Parks.文章大意：本文主要介绍了在过去的一百年里四名杰出的女性以及她们对社会做出的贡献与影响。1What is Jane Addams noted for in history？_A _AHer social work. BHer teaching skills.CHer efforts to win a prize. DHer community background.解析：根据 Jane Addams (18601935)部分的“Anyone who has ever been
7、helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank.Addams helped the poor and worked for peace.She encouraged a sense d community (社区) by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need”可知， Jane Addams 是因她的社会福利工作而出名。故选 A。2What was the reason for OConnors being rejected by t
8、he law firm？_C_AHer lack of proper training in law.BHer little work experience in court.CThe discrimination against women.DThe poor financial conditions.解析：根据 Sandra Day OConnor (1930present)部分“When Sandra Day OConnor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find wo
9、rk at a law firm because she was a woman”可知，她不能在律师事务所工作的原因是女性会受到性别歧视。故选 C。3Who made a great contribution to the civilrights movement in the US.？_D_AJane Addams. BRachel Carson.CSandra Day OConnor. DRosa Parks.解析：根据 Rosa Parks(19132005)部分的“It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civilright
10、s movement”可知，她的举动最终推动了民权 运动。故选 D。4What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text？_C_AThey are highly educated. BThey are truly creative.CThey are pioneers. DThey are peacelovers.解析：Jane Addams 是社会福利工作的带头人；Rachel Carson 是环境运动的发起者；Sandra Day OConnor 是反对 性别歧视的领头人；Rosa Parks 是民权运动的推动者。由此可见，这四位
11、女性都是先驱者。故选 C。B(2016北京) 导 学 号 42492359Surviving Hurricane Sandy(飓风桑迪)Natalie Doan,14, has always felt lucky to live in Rockaway, New York.Living just a few blocks from the beach, Natalie can see the ocean and hear the wave from her house.“Its the ocean that makes Rockaway so special， ” she says.On Oc
12、tober 29, 2012, that ocean turned fierce.That night, Hurricane Sandy attacked the East Coast, and Rockaway was hit especially hard.Fortunately, Natalies family escaped to Brooklyn shortly before the citys bridges closed.When they returned to Rockaway the next day, they found their neighborhood in ru
13、ins.Many of Natalies friends had lost their homes and were living far away.All around her, people were suffering, especially the elderly.Natalies school was so damaged that she had to temporarily attend a school in Brooklyn.In the following few days, the men and women helping Rockaway recover inspir
14、ed Natalie.Volunteers came with carloads of donated clothing and toys.Neighbors devoted their spare time to helping others rebuild.Teenagers climbed dozens of flights of stairs to deliver water and food to elderly people trapped in powerless highrise buildings.“My mom tells me that I cant control wh
15、at happens to me， ” Natalie says.“but I can always choose how I deal with it.”Natalies choice was to help.She created a website page matching survivors in need with donors who wanted to help.Natalie posted introduction about a boy named Patrick, who lost his baseball card collecting when his house b
16、urned down.Within days, Patricks collection was replaced.In the coming months, her website page helped lots of kids: Christopher, who received a new basketball；Charlie, who got a new keyboard.Natalie also worked with other organizations to bring muchneed supplies to Rockaway.Her efforts made her a f
17、amous person.Last April, she was invited to the White House and honored as a Hurricane Sandy Champion of Change.Today, the scars(创痕)of destruction are still seen in Rockaway, but hope is in the air.The streets are clear, and many homes have been rebuilt.“I cant imagine living anywhere but Rockaway，
18、” Natalie declares.“My neighborhood will be back, even stronger than before.”文章大意：这是一篇记叙文。本文的主人公 14 岁的女孩娜塔莉 主动参与重建遭受飓风重创的家乡。她建立了一个网站，为外界的捐赠者和家乡需要帮助的人结对，同时帮助很多孩子实现了自己的梦想。她 应邀到白宫，并被授予荣誉称号。5When Natalie returned to Rockaway after the hurricane，she found_ B_.Asome friends had lost their livesBher neighb
19、orhood was destroyedCher school had moved to BrooklynDthe elderly were free from suffering解析：由题干的“returned.after the hurricane”可知，答案 应该 在第三段。娜塔莉一家在飓风过后回到家乡，发现街区已 变为废墟(neighborhood in ruins)，很多朋友失去了家园，并且住到了很远的地方。人们都在遭受苦 难，特 别是老年人。从这些信息可知选 B。6According to paragraph 4， who inspired Natalie most？_ A_ATh
20、e people helping Rockaway rebuild.BThe people trapped in highrise building.CThe volunteers donating money to survivors.DLocal teenagers bringing clothing to elderly people.解析：由第四段第一句中的“the men and women helping Rockaway recover inspired Natalie”可知选 A。7How did Natalie help the survivors？_D _AShe gave
21、 her toys to the kids.BShe took care of younger children.CShe called on the White House to help.DShe built an information sharing platform.解析：由第七段可知，娜塔莉建立了一个网站，让捐助者与需要帮助的人通过这个网站建立联系，以此来帮助他们，因此选 D。8What does the story intend to tell us？_A_ALittle people can make a big difference.BA friend in need is
22、a friend indeed.CEast or west, home is best.DTechnology is power.解析：本题给出的四句谚语的含义依次为：“小人物也有大作为” ；“患难之友才是真正的朋友” ；“金窝银窝不如自己的狗窝” ；“技术就是力量” 。本文介绍的是 14 岁的小女孩娜塔莉如何帮助家乡的重建工作，因此 选 A。.语法填空 导 学 号 42492360阅读下列短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2015茂名市二模)The Italian dinners we had every Sunday when I was a boy were
23、feasts fit for a king.There were loaves of Italian bread ready to be eaten._1.They_ were great with butter and even _2.better_(good) when you dipped them in the sauce(调味汁 )My grandma, _3.whom_ we called “Nanny”， would always bake them a day ahead so they would be ready.I remember watching her hand m
24、ake the dough(面团)I would often ask to help but only because I wanted to have _4.a_ bite of the dough before she placed it in the pans to bake.One day I _5.foolishly_(fool) asked Nanny why she didnt just buy bread at the store _6.to_save_(save) time.“Because theyre not as good， ” she said _7.in/with_
25、 her thick Italian accent.Then she laughed, smiled, and gave me a piece of dough to eat.Nanny was right.Today I buy my bread at the store and it isnt as good.It is factorymade and _8.lacks_(lack) all the taste, warmth, and love that Nanny put into hers.Storebought happiness is a sad substitute for h
26、omemade joy._9.If_ you want lasting love, permanent peace, and endless joy, then you have to bake them _10.on_ your own.文章大意：本文讲述作者一起吃外婆给准备好的面包，非常的美味，曾傻傻地问为什么不去商店里面买来节省时间，外婆 说它们不好，多年后才 发现 外婆说的是正确的，工厂生产的缺少了爱的味道，爱不是生产 出来的。1命题立意：考查代词。解析：句意：当把他们蘸点调味汁就更美味了，他 们与黄油配起来很好吃。They 代表loaves of Italian bread，故填写
27、They。2命题立意：考查形容词比较级。解析：因为有 even 修饰比较级，故填比较级形式。3命题立意：考查定语从句。解析：句意：我的外婆，我们叫她 Nanny，经常为我们提前做好，把一切准备好。 whom 引导的定语从句修饰先行词 grandma，并在从句中作 call 的宾语。4命题立意：考查冠词。解析：have a bite of“咬一小口 ”。5命题立意：考查副词。解析：句意：有一天，我傻傻地 问外婆为什么不买店里的面包来 节省时间。修 饰动词asked 用副 词。6命题立意：考查非谓语动词。解析：句意：有一天，我非常愚蠢的 问外婆为什么不买店里的面包来 节省时间。表示目的状语用不定式
28、。7命题立意：考查介词。解析：in/with her thick Italian accent 用浓厚的意大利口音。 8命题立意：考查动词的时态。解析：句意：这是工厂制作的，缺少此味道，温暖和爱在里面。根据 and 连接两个句子时态保持一致，故用一般现在时 ，主 语是 It，故用 单数第三人称。9命题立意：考查连词。解析：句意：如果你想要这种持续的爱，长久的平和，无尽的快乐，你就得自己来做。两个句子是条件关系，故用 If。10命题立意：考查介词。解析：on ones own“亲自地 ”。.短文改错 导 学 号 42492361假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文
29、。文中共有 10 处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号() ，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用()划掉。 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起) 不计分。(2016浙江)When I was a very young children，my father created a regular practice I remember well years late.Every time he arrived home at en
30、d of the day，wed greet her at the door.He would ask who we was and pretend not to knowing us.Then he and my mother would have had a drink while she prepared dinner and they would talk about his day and hers.While they chat，my father would lift my sister and me up to sit in the top of the fridge.It w
31、as both excited and frightening to be up there！My sister and I thought he was so cool for putting us there.答案：When I was a very young ， my father created a regular practice I remember well childrenchildyears .Every time he arrived home at end of the day, wed greet at the door.He would latelater the
32、her himask who we and pretend not to us.Then he and my mother would have had a drink waswere knowing knowwhile she prepared dinner and they would talk about his day and hers.While they ， my chatchattedfather would lift my sister and me up to sit the top of the fridge.It was both and inon excited exc
33、itingfrightening to be up there! My sister and I thought he was so cool for putting us there.1解析：第一处：children child 考查名词单复数。根据 I 和 a 可知，这里应用可数名词单数形式，故改为 child。2解析：第二处：latelater 根据语境可知，此 处表示“ 很多年后” ，故改 为 later。3解析：第三处：end 前添加 the 考查冠词。at the end of 是固定词组，表示“在的最后” 。4解析：第四处：herhim 考查代词。根据上文的 he 可知，此处应改
34、为 him。5解析：第五处：waswere 考查主谓一致。根据 we 可知，谓语动词应该用复数形式，故改为 were。6解析：第六处：knowingknow 考查动词。pretend (not) to do sth.“假装(不)做某事” ，此处是不定式，后面需要用动词 原形，故改 为 know。7解析：第七处：去掉 had 考查动词。根据 语境和下文的“would talk”可知，此处应该用 would do 结构。8解析：第八处：chatchatted 考查时态。根据全文的整体时态可知，应用一般过去时，故改为 chatted。9解析：第九处：inon 考查介词。on the top of 是固定词组，表示“在上面” 。10解析：第十处：excited exciting 考查形容词。根据 语境和主语 It 可知，此处表示“令人激动的” ，故用ing 形式的形容词。