1、第一部分 必修四 Unit 4.阅读理解A(2016全国卷) 导 学 号 42492420The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups.Silences may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say.A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, uneasiness, or worry.Silence may be viewed by some cultural group
2、s as extremely uncomfortable； therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap(间隙) with conversation.Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a persons needs.Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people
3、, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do.Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what may be implied(暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing.In these cultures, silence is a call for reflectio
4、n.Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power.For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion.How
5、ever, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her.In still another use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority.Nurses and other
6、caregivers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing.Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patients silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on un
7、necessarily.A nurse who understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.文章大意：文章介绍了沉默在不同文化里所代表的含义以及沉默的治疗价值等内容。1What does the author say about silence in conversations？_C_AIt implies anger. BIt promotes fr
8、iendship.CIt is culturespecific. DIt is contentbased.解析：根据第一段第三句“A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness，uneasiness，or worry”(某一谈话中的沉默可能也表示倔 强、不安或者担忧)可知，silence in conversations 具有文化特异性。故 选 C。2Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought？_A _AThe Ch
9、inese. BThe French.CThe Mexicans. DThe Russians.解析：根据第二段中的“Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do.Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what may
10、be implied (暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing”可知，中国人可能认为一个人在谈话时突然停顿是希望听话人去仔细思考。故选 A。3What does the author advise nurses to do about silence ？_D _ALet it continue as the patient pleases.BBreak it while treating patients.CEvaluate its harm to pa
11、tients.DMake use of its healing effects.解析：根据最后一段，尤其是最后一句“A nurse who understands the healing (治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures”可知，护士应该充分利用沉默的治愈价值。故 选 D。4What may be the best title for the text？_B _ASound and Sil
12、ence BWhat It Means to Be SilentCSilence to Native Americans DSpeech Is Silver；Silence Is Gold解析：通读全文可知，文章介 绍了沉默在不同文化里所代表的含 义，故 选 B。文章未谈及 Sound，所以 A 项不对；文章 虽谈到了 Silence to Native Americans，但这不是文章的中心内容，故排除 C 项 ；文章未涉及 Speech Is Silver 的内容，所以 D 项也不对。B(2016大连市第二十高级中学高三月考) 导 学 号 42492421The principles ab
13、out applying for jobs have altered greatly lately.In the past, people preferred a handwritten application letter.However, nowadays it is becoming more and more common to apply for a job through the Internet.You can find information on the Internet about how to apply for jobs.Information can be found
14、 about how to fulfill your application letter, the clothes that you should wear and how to carry out the interview itself.The importance of body language is often mentioned，but doesnt always get the attention it deserves.After all，before a word has even been spoken, your body language will have alre
15、ady given people their first impression of you.Additionally, your body language will also give out a lot more information.Based on your body language it can be seen if you are selfconfident.It can also show if you are a busy or a quiet type and it helps give an impression of whether you are speaking
16、 truthfully or not.Body language can show how enthusiastic you are and if you are a nice person, someone who will take his work seriously, but also someone who has a sense of humor and can enjoy a joke from time to time.The members of the application committee will ask you questions, but your answer
17、s wont only be oral.The committee will not only pay attention to what you say, but also to how you say it! Body language will determine first if it “clicks”， and sometimes all it takes is just a few seconds.Everybody uses body language, but it takes place mostly at a subconscious(下意识的) level.Using b
18、ody language appropriately，you can definitely increase your chances of getting a job.文章大意：本文主要介绍了如何找工作及面试时体态语的重要性。5What kind of people is the text mainly meant for？_B_AInterviewers. BJobhunting people.CEmployers. DLayoff workers.解析：推理判断题。文章主要介 绍了如何找工作及面试时 体态语的重要性，很明 显是写给找工作的人，故选 B。6We can learn from
19、 the first paragraph that_D_.Ahandwritten letters are not used in finding a jobBthe more expensive clothes interviewees wear, the betterCbody language is more important than spoken wordsDthe Internet is of significance in applying for a job解析：细节理解题。根据第一段内容特 别是最后两句可知，网络对于找工作是非常重要的，故选 D。7Using body la
20、nguage well in a job interview will probably_C_.Aget rid of the interviewers prejudiceBdetermine what position one will getCincrease the possibility to get the wanted jobDhelp one remove nervousness解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一句可知，体态语用得好会增加找到理想工作的机会，故选 C。8Which of the following statements is TRUE according to th
21、e passage？_C_AThose using body language are usually confident.BBody language is often used on purpose in job hunting.CBody language is a mirror to reflect ones personality.DPeople enjoying jokes are preferred in a job interview.解析：推理判断题。通过第二段的内容，特别是第四、五、六句可知，体态语可以体现人的个性，故选 C。其他三项文中并未提及，故排除。.七选五 导 学
22、号 42492422根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余项。(2017巴蜀中学月考)Its natural to greet friends with a smile and a wave._1.F_But what happens if your face and body send mixed messages? Would someone be more likely to believe the look on your face or the way you hold your body?Scientists have recently tal
23、ked these questions.They found that when a person is looking at your face，she might not believe what she sees if your body language doesnt match the feeling that your face shows._2.A_Previously，they had found that the tone of a persons voice can be more important than the words that are spoken.For e
24、xample，most people tend not to believe a person who says in a flat voice， “Im so excited.”When it came to emotions conveyed by facial expressions and body language，most scientists suspected that the face was more important.To test if this was true，psychologists from the Netherlands and Boston showed
25、 people a number of pictures of isolated faces and isolated bodies (with faces blurred out(模糊的 ) ) that showed anger or fear._3.G_An angry face had low eyebrows and tight lips.A scared face bad high eyebrow and a slightly mouth._4.D_A scared body had arms forward and shoulders square，as if ready to
26、defend.These results told the researchers that mixed signals can confuse people.Even when people pay attention to the face，body language subtly influences which emotion they read._5.B_If you want to be understood，it helps to avoid sending mixed messages.AStudying such mixed messages is nothing new f
27、or scientists.BSo， your body language is important for telling people how you feel.CScientists feel new to study the mixed message that confuses people.DAn angry body had arms back and shoulders at an angle，as if ready to fight.EBody language can sometimes be misunderstood in different culture backg
28、rounds.FWhen you do this，your face and body work together to show your friends that youre happy to see them.GThey also showed pictures in which angry or scared faces were paired with angry or scared bodies.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。 脸部表情和肢体动作意思表达不一致，这时我们就要更加注重肢体语言的理解。科学家 对此的研究早已不是新鲜 事。1命题立意：考查的是上下文的衔接。解析：与朋友打招呼
29、，挥挥手，笑一笑，那是很自然的。因为微笑与身体动作都表明你很高兴。如果微笑与肢体动作表达模棱两可的情感，那会怎么样呢？前后句是因果关系。故选F。2命题立意：考查的是上下文的衔接。解析：科学家发现，如果一个人看着你，他可能不相信他所看到的。因为你的脸部表情和肢体动作意思表达不一致。科学家 对此的研究早已不是新 鲜事。因 为“Previously，they had found that the tone of a persons voice can be more important than the words that are spoken.”(他们早就发现一个人说话的语调表示的意思比他们说的
30、话更重要。)故选 A。3命题立意：考查的是上下文的衔接。解析：根据下文“An angry face had low eyebrows and tight lips.A scared face had high eyebrow and a slightly open mouth.”可知，生气或恐惧的表情会引起表达生气或恐惧意思的肢体动作。前后句是论点和论证 关系，故 选 C。4命题立意：考查的是上下文的衔接。解析：下一句“A scared body had arms forward and shoulders square，as if ready to defend.”表明的是恐惧情绪在肢体动作
31、上的表现。那么上一句就应该是生气在肢体动作上的表现。故选 D。5命题立意：考查的是上下文的衔接。解析：肢体表现比脸部表情更具影响力。所以，读懂肢体语言比表情更重要。前后是因果关系，故选 B。.语法填空 导 学 号 42492423阅读下列短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2016烟台市高三诊断性测试)A school in Sarajevo not only accepted a deaf student, but also_1.taught_(teach) the entire class sign language to allow them to better
32、 communicate with him.The heartwarming story began in September last year_2.when_a woman asked the primary school in her neighborhood_3.to_accept_(accept) her sixyearold son, Zejd, who has a_4.hearing_(hear) disability.The teacher, Sanela, agreed almost immediately，_5.but/yet_on the first day of sch
33、ool, she noticed Zejd_6.sitting_(sit) all by himself, unable to communicate with any of his classmates.Sanela，_7.determined _(determine) to find a way out, tried developing a few signs of her own.But a parent of another child came up with_8.an_even better ideagetting the whole class to learn sign la
34、nguage along with Zejd.So they got a sign language teacher on board, and three months later, Zejd was able to communicate_9.happily_(happy) with all his classmates about regular things like homework and_10.games_(game)文章大意：文章讲述了一所学校接受一名聋哑儿童之后班级同学跟他一起学习手语互相交流的故事。解析：1考查动词的时态。句意为：萨拉热窝的一所学校不仅接受了一名 聋哑学生，
35、还教会全班同学手语让他们更好地与他交流。 not only.but also.连 接并列的成分或结构，设空处应与accepted 时态一致，故填动词的过去式 taught。2考查定语从句。句意为：这个暖人心房的故事始于去年九月份，那时一位女士请求当地的小学接受她那有听力障碍的六岁的儿子扎德。分析句子结构可知， 设空处引导定语从句，修饰表示时间的先行词 last year，且在从句中作时间状语。故填 when。方法：正确选择关系代词和关系副词正确选择关系代词或关系副词的关键是：关系词在定语从句中充当什么成分：如果关系词在从句中作主语或宾语，用关系代 词；如果关系词在从句中作状 语， 则用关系副词
36、。I will never forget the days(which/that)we spent together.我永远也忘不了我们一起度过的日子。(which/that 作宾语)I will never forget the days when we work together.我永远也忘不了我们一起工作的日子。(when 作 时间状 语)3考查非谓语动词。句意见上一题解析。ask sb.to do sth.为固定搭配，意 为“请求/让某人做某事” 。故填 to accept。4考查词性转换。句意见第 2 题解析。根据句意可知，此 处指扎德有听力障碍， hearing为名词，意为“听觉”
37、 。故填 hearing。5考查连词。句意为：萨内拉老师马上同意了，但是开学第一天她发现扎德一直自己坐着，无法与任何同学交流。根据老师的态度以及扎德后来在学校里的表 现可以看出，上下文之 间是转折关系。故填 but/yet。6考查非谓语动词。句意见上一题解析。notice sb.doing sth.为固定用法，根据句意，sit 的动作正在进行，应用动词ing 形式作宾补。故填 sitting。7考查词性转换。句意为：萨内拉决心找一个方法来解决这 个问题，她试着创造一些自己的手势。(be)determined to do.为固定搭配，意为“决定做某事” ，故填 determined，在句中作状语
38、。8考查冠词。句意为：但是另一个孩子的家长想出一个更好的主意 让全班同学跟扎德一起学手语。设空后的 idea 是第一次出现，表泛指，应用不定冠词；空后的 even 以元音音素开头，故填 an。9考查词性转换。句意为：因此，他们有了一个手语老师，三个月后，扎德可以开心地与同学们交流一些像作业和游戏之类的常规东西。 设空处修 饰动词， 应用副词形式，故填happily。设空处词 性判断：形容词修饰名词；副词修饰介词 、动词、形容词、句子。10考查名词单复数。句意见上一题解析。空格前的 things 是复数名词，homework 和games 是 对 things 的解释。game 为可数名词，设空前无冠 词和其他限定词限定，因此，game应用复数形式。故填 games。